Diploid parthenogenesis and androgenesis in diploid Solanum     

M. M. F. Abdalla  J. G. Th. Hermsen 《Euphytica》1972,21(3):426-431

Summary Diploid parthenogenetic and androgenetic plants were found in certain interspecific hybrid combinations in diploid Solanum. Self progenies of parthenotes of S. verrucosum appeared highly uniform and 100% homozygous for resistance to Race 1.2.3.4 of Phytophthora infestans. They can be of prime importance for breeding if homozygous lines are needed.Diploid androgenetic plants occur among interspecific hybrid progenies in Solanum. They could be used to investigate the effect of different plasmons on several characters.  相似文献   

Unilateral incompatibility: hypotheses,debate and its implications for plant breeding     

M. M. F. Abdalla 《Euphytica》1972,21(1):32-47

Summary Unilateral incompatibility, its evolution and the hypotheses put forward to explain this phenomenon have been discussed. A new hypothesis is presented giving an easy explanation of the problems arisen and of the results obtained hitherto. The results to be expected from crosses between self-compatible and self-incompatible species and the crossability and (in)compatibility behaviour of their hybrids and segregating generations are elaborated. It has been shown how self-compatible hybrids and segregants could be selected and introduced into a breeding program aiming at combining characters from self-compatible and self-incompatible parents.  相似文献   

Assessment of EST-microsatellites markers for discrimination and genetic diversity in bread and durum wheat landraces from Afghanistan     

K. Chabane  O. Abdalla  H. Sayed  J. Valkoun 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2007,54(5):1073-1080

Accurate and reliable means for identification are necessary to assess the discrimination between landraces of tetraploid wheat [T.␣turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn.] and hexaploid wheat (T. aestivum L. em. Thell.). In Afghanistan, farmers usually cultivate mixed landraces, and thus distinction between bread and durum is difficult. A set of 18 microsatellites derived from the DuPont EST-database were used to describe genetic diversity in a sample of 82 Afghan wheat landraces. A total of 101 alleles were detected, with allele number per locus ranging from 2 to 13, and a mean allele number of 6.31. The percentage of polymorphic loci was 89%. The EST-SSRs markers showed different level of gene diversity: the highest Polymorphism Information Content value (0.921) was observed with DuPw 221. Our results demonstrated that with a reasonable number of expressed sequences target microsatellites (EST-SSRs) it is possible to discriminate between T. durum and T. aestivum species of wheat germplasm. Our results showed that EST-databases could be a useful source for species-specific markers and have the potential for new genic microsatellites markers that could enhance screening germplasm in gene banks.  相似文献   

Susceptibility to antimicrobials of mastitis‐causing Staphylococcus aureus,Streptococcus uberis and Str. dysgalactiae from New Zealand and the USA as assessed by the disk diffusion test          下载免费PDF全文

KR Petrovski  A Grinberg  NB Williamson  ME Abdalla  N Lopez‐Villalobos  TJ Parkinson  IG Tucker  P Rapnicki 《Australian veterinary journal》2015,93(7):227-233

  相似文献   

Performance,metabolic variables and enteric methane production of Santa Inês hair lambs fed Orbignya phalerata and Combretum leprosum          下载免费PDF全文

A. L. Abdalla Filho  D. Dineshkumar  M. Barreal  C. McManus  V. R. Vasconcelos  A. L. Abdalla  H. Louvandini 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2017,101(3):457-465

In this study, the possibility of using Babassu (Orbignya phalerata) and Mofumbo (Combretum leprosum) leaves for lambs feed was verified. Performance, biochemical and haematological parameters, microbial protein synthesis, nutrient apparent digestibility and enteric production of methane (CH₄) were evaluated. The experimental treatments included diets with forage‐to‐concentrate ratios of 50:50, with the leaves of the experimental plants replacing 33% of the Cynodon dactylon (Tifton‐85) hay with three treatments: control (no hay replacement) and substitution with Babassu or Mofumbo. For the performance study, 24 Santa Inês lambs were used, in a randomized experimental design with eight repetitions (5 male and 3 female) for each treatment and 48 days of experimental trial. After this period, for nine days, six animals from each treatment were allocated in metabolic cages to determine the apparent nutrient digestibility, microbial protein synthesis and nitrogen balance. Simultaneously, enteric CH₄ was measured in vivo. The control group showed higher (p < 0.05) apparent digestibility of acid detergent fibre. Enteric CH₄ production of lambs fed Mofumbo leaves did not differ from that of the control group, but was lower (p < 0.05) than in those fed with Babassu. The inclusion of Babassu and Mofumbo leaves showed no negative effects on animal health and did not compromise performance. Mofumbo also presented CH₄ mitigating potential, indicating that those plants can be used as ingredients in the composition of lamb diets with the advantage of reducing methane production.  相似文献   

Sources of resistance to Hessian fly (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Syria identified among Aegilops species and synthetic derived bread wheat lines     

M. El Bouhssini  M. M. Nachit  J. Valkoun  O. Abdalla  F. Rihawi 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2008,55(8):1215-1219

The Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say), is a major pest of wheat in North Africa, southern Europe, North America, and northern Kazakhstan. It is believed this pest (like wheat) originated in West Asia. The Syrian Hessian fly biotype has been found to be the most virulent worldwide, and has been used at the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) for screening wheat and its wild relatives to identify new sources of resistance. The screening was conducted in an insect rearing room set at 20°C and 70% RH using a Hessian fly population collected from Lattakia region, Syria. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replications. ‘Nasma’ (bread wheat) and ‘Cando’ (durum wheat) were used as susceptible and resistant checks, respectively. A total of 623 lines/accessions of wheat and its wild relatives (Aegilops and Triticum) were evaluated. Twenty-nine Aegilops accessions and four synthetic derived bread wheat lines were found resistant. The presence of dead first instars confirmed the resistance reaction and also showed that antibiosis is the major mechanism of resistance in these materials. These sources of resistance are used in ICARDA’s wheat breeding programs for the development of Hessian fly-resistant germplasm/varieties.  相似文献   

Corn Wastes and Peanut Shell as Growing Media for Production of Red Radish Plants in Soilless System     

Khaled A. Farghly  Hala H. Gomah  Mohamed M.M. Ahmed  Reham M. Abdalla 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2020,51(13):1799-1810

ABSTRACT

Peat is considered the conventional growing medium in most soilless culture systems. The high cost of peat and the urgent need of agricultural wastes recycling encouraged the scientists and soilless culture users to search for an alternative growth medium where optimal growth conditions are achieved and help in the safe disposal of wastes. In the current study, peanut shell (PS) and corn wastes (CW) were used as growing media in comparison to peat moss (PM). The tested organic wastes and peat moss were examined with sand at three mixing ratios (1:1 “M₁”, 1:2 “M₂” and 1:3 “M₃” raw material: washed sand, respectively). Red radish (Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus) plant were cultivated in 5 kg pots filled with the instigated growing media. Most of the recoded growth parameters were found in PS and PM growing media, while the lowest ones were found in CW. PS medium contained available N and P higher by 141 and 29% above the PM media. Although the peat moss gave the highest values in the measured growth characteristics, its high price decreased the net profit. The highest net profit value was obtained from PSM₂ followed by PSM₁ and PSM₃. According to the obtained results, the characteristics of the growth media derived from peanut shell qualify them for use in the production of red radish in soilless culture systems.  相似文献   

Effect of Soil and Foliar Fertilization on Inoculated and Uninoculated Soybeans     

M. S. Kamel    A. A. Metwally  S. T. Abdalla 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1987,158(4):217-226

Two experiments of soil N-fertilization and Rhizobium inoculation were conducted in 1981 and 1982 at Giza, Egypt. Soybean was sprayed with a commercial micronutrients mixture, and with urea.
In the first experiment, soil N-fertilization 0, 142.8 and 214.2 kg N/hectare were applied to uninoculated plants, whereas, in the second one, local inoculum was used alone or along with addition of a starter dose of N (47.6 kg N/hectare).
Urea applications were at pod filling period (R₄, R₅ and R₆ stages), whereas, micronutrients mixture was applied at 25 days from planting.
Plant dry weight, leaf area/plant, plant height, pod and seed number/plant, seed weight/plant, seed yield and crude seed protein content increased significantly with nitrogen application to uninoculated soybean plants; whereas the starter dose of N had no significant effect on any of these traits under the inoculated soybean plants.
Foliar application of micronutrients caused significant increases in plant DW, LA, pod and seed number/plant, seed index and seed yield of fertilized and inoculated plants.
Foliar application of urea, to inoculated and uninoculated plants, caused significant increments in plant dry weight, 1A, seed protein content and particular seed index and seed yield.  相似文献   

Influence of dietary protein supply on resistance to experimental infections with Haemonchus contortus in Ile de France and Santa Ines lambs   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Bricarello PA  Amarante AF  Rocha RA  Cabral Filho SL  Huntley JF  Houdijk JG  Abdalla AL  Gennari SM 《Veterinary parasitology》2005,134(1-2):99-109

The effect of Haemonchus contortus infection in sheep fed with a moderate and high protein content diet was evaluated in two breeds of sheep. Forty-eight Ile de France and Santa Ines lambs were maintained indoors since birth, in worm-free conditions. The lambs were allocated after weaning in four groups of six animals per breed, which were either infected or remain uninfected and given access to either a moderately or highly metabolizable protein diet. The moderately and highly metabolizable protein diets were calculated to supply 75 and 129 g metabolizable protein per kg of dry matter (MP/kg DM), respectively. The infection consisted of a trickle infection with 300 infective larvae, three times a week, for 12 weeks. Significant differences were observed for mast cell, globule leukocyte and eosinophil counts in the abomasal mucosa of the infected groups compared to the control of both breeds (P<0.05), regardless of the diet supplied. Significantly higher IgA anti-L5 antibody was detected in the infected Santa Ines groups than in the infected Ile de France groups (P<0.05). Increased metabolizable protein supply resulted in larger body weight gain and higher packed cell volumes for both breeds (P<0.05). Both breeds showed an increased ability to withstand the pathophysiological effects of H. contortus infection when given access to the highly metabolizable protein diet. However, increased metabolizable protein supply resulted in reduced worm burdens in Santa Ines lambs but not in the Ile de France lambs (P<0.05). The present results show that the increase in protein content in growing lamb diets may benefit resistance and resilience to gastrointestinal parasites but that these benefits may vary among breeds.  相似文献   

Comparative anatomy of the skeletal muscles of fallow deer (Dama dama L. 1758), sheep (Ovis aries L. 1758) and goat (Capra hircus L. 1758). II: Skin muscles of the head and facial muscles     

K Pohlmeyer  K E Abdalla 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1986,93(5):228-231

  相似文献