Control of ovine brucellosis in najdi sheep in saudi Arabia     

Ahmed I. Radwan  Saad I. Bekairi  Abdullah A. Al-Mukayel  Osama S. Abu Agla 《Tropical animal health and production》1984,16(4):213-218

Summary A practical programme for control of ovine brucellosis in a Najdi sheep flock at Haradh and protection of sheep handlers from infection was implemented. Haradh sheep were serologically tested three times at six-month intervals. Of 2,721 sheep subjected to the first test, 387 (14.2%) were positive reactors. At the second test 2,072 sheep were tested and 31 (1.5%) were positive. The third test was performed on 2,963 sheep and only nine (0.3%) positive reactors were found. Of eight sheep handlers six had Malta fever. Positive reactor sheep were slaughtered and buried after each test. Following the third test all negative sheep were vaccinated with inactivatedBrucella melitensis vaccine. Infected sheep handlers were treated at the Haradh clinic. One year after completion of the programme abortions and infertility problems had disappeared and the lambing percentage had increased from 0.8 to 1.3 lambs per ewe. In addition all young lambs born to vaccinated ewes were found to be serologically negative. We suggest expansion of the present programme into a national brucellosis control campaign in the kingdom.

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Control De Brucelosis Ovina En Ovejas Najdi En Arabia Saudita

Resumen Se implementó un programa práctico, para el control de brucelosis ovina en ovejas Najdi en Haradh, y para proteger a los pastores. Las ovejas se analizaron serológicamente tres veces con intervalos de seis meses. De 2.721 ovejas analizadas la primera vez, 387 (14.2%) dieron resultados positivos. La segunda vez, se analizaron los sueros de 2.072 ovejas, de las cuales 31 (1.5%) fueron positivas. El tercer analisis se realizo en 2.963 ovejas de la cuales solo nueve (0.3%) se detectaron como reactores positivos. De ocho pastores, seis tenían fiebre de Malta. Las ovejas positivas fueron eliminadas después de cada prueba serológica. Seguidamente, después de la tercera prueba, todas las ovejas negativas se vacunaron con la vacuna inactivada deBrucella melitensis. Los pastores enfermos, fueron hospitalizados. Un año después de la campaña, los problemas de aborto e infertilidad habían desaparecido, y el porcentaje de nacimientos se incrementó de 0.8 a 1.3 corderos por oveja. Más aún, todos los corderos nacidos de madres vacunadas fueron negativos serológicamente. Nosotros sugerimos la expansión del presente programa de control de brucelosis, a todo el Reino.

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Lutte Conter La Brucellose Ovine Chez Des Moutons Najdi En Arabie Saoudite

Résumé Un programme pratique de lutte contre la brucellose ovine dans un troupeau de moutons Najdi à Haradh et de protection des éleveurs contre l'infection a été mis en oeuvre. Les moutons de Haradh ont été testés sérologiquement trois fois à six mois d'intervalle. Sur 2 721 moutons soumis au premier test, 387 (14,2 p. 100) ont réagi positivement; sur 2 072 moutons, au second test, 31 (1,5 p. 100); et sur 2 963 moutons, au troisième test, seulement 0,3 p. 100. Sur huit éleveurs de moutons, six étaient atteints de fièvre de Malte. Les moutons ayant réagi positivement ont été abattus et enterrés après chaque test. Après le troisième test, tous les animaux négatifs ont été vaccinés avec un vaccin àBrucella melitensis inactivé. Les éleveurs ont été soignés la clinique de Haradh. Un an après la fin du programme, les avortements et les problèmes d'infertilité avaient disparu et le pourcentage d'agnelages avait augmenté de 0,8 à 1,3 agneau par brebis. De plus, tous les jeunes agneaux nés de mères vaccinées étaient sérologiquement négatifs. L'extension de ce programme en une campagne de lutte nationale est préconisée.

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The isoelectrofocusing technique in comparison of some Sudanese type SAT-1 foot-and-mouth disease viruses     

E M Abu Elzein  J W Newman  B J Newman 《Revue d'élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux》1989,42(3):327-329

Isoelectric focusing technique (IEFT) was employed to compare type SAT-1 FMD virus from Sudan. Results of the IEFT tests were compared with available previous serological and epidemiological data on the viruses used. Possible potential uses of the test, in parallel with previously available serological and epidemiological data, are discussed.  相似文献   

Susceptibility of Sudanese sheep to a bluetongue virus isolated from apparently healthy cattle in the Sudan     

A O Fayza  E M Abu Elzein  M H Tag Eldin  I E Hajer 《Revue d'élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux》1990,43(3):313-316

This study intends to clarify the role of apparently healthy cattle as a reservoir of bluetongue (BT) virus to sheep in the Sudan. It confirms earlier work and establishes that cattle can harbour bluetongue virus to which sheep are susceptible in the country. Experimental transmission of BT virus between the two species suggests that the best indicator to determine viraemia in apparently healthy cattle is to inoculate susceptible sheep with suspected cattle virus. The condition of the viraemia and the virus survival in the field are discussed.  相似文献   

Caprine arthritis-encephalitis antibodies in indigenous sheep in Saudi Arabia     

A M Alluwaimi  E M Abu Elzein  M M Hassanein 《Revue d'élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux》1990,43(4):444-445

A serological survey was conducted in indigenous sheep from Saudi Arabia for detection of antibodies against the caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus. Only 0.8% of the sera examined were positive. Epizootiological considerations of the disease in the country are discussed.  相似文献   

Public Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding the Use of Antibiotics and Resistance: Findings from a Cross‐Sectional Study Among Palestinian Adults          下载免费PDF全文

A. Abu Taha  A. H. Abu‐Zaydeh  R. A. Ardah  S. W. Al‐Jabi  W. M. Sweileh  R. Awang  S. H. Zyoud 《Zoonoses and public health》2016,63(6):449-457

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Prevalence and risk factors of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in livestock and companion animal in high-risk areas in Malaysia     

Kiven Kumar  Siti Suri Arshad  Gayathri Thevi Selvarajah  Jalila Abu  Ooi Peck Toung  Yusuf Abba  Faruku Bande  A. R. Yasmin  Reuben Sharma  Bee Lee Ong  Anisah Abdul Rasid  Norsuzana Hashim  Amira Peli  E. P. Heshini  Ahmad Khusaini Mohd Kharip Shah 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(4):741-752

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is vector-borne zoonotic disease which causes encephalitis in humans and horses. Clinical signs for Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection are not clearly evident in the majority of affected animals. In Malaysia, information on the prevalence of JEV infection has not been established. Thus, a cross-sectional study was conducted during two periods, December 2015 to January 2016 and March to August in 2016, to determine the prevalence and risk factors in JEV infections among animals and birds in Peninsular Malaysia. Serum samples were harvested from the 416 samples which were collected from the dogs, cats, water birds, village chicken, jungle fowls, long-tailed macaques, domestic pigs, and cattle in the states of Selangor, Perak, Perlis, Kelantan, and Pahang. The serum samples were screened for JEV antibodies by commercial IgG ELISA kits. A questionnaire was also distributed to obtain information on the animals, birds, and the environmental factors of sampling areas. The results showed that dogs had the highest seropositive rate of 80% (95% CI: ±?11.69) followed by pigs at 44.4% (95% CI: ±?1.715), cattle at 32.2% (95% CI: ±?1.058), birds at 28.9% (95% CI: ±?5.757), cats at 15.6% (95% CI: ±?7.38), and monkeys at 14.3% (95% CI: ±?1.882). The study also showed that JEV seropositivity was high in young animals and in areas where mosquito vectors and migrating birds were prevalent.  相似文献   

Epidemiological assessment of clinical poultry cases through the government veterinary hospital-based passive surveillance system in Bangladesh: a case study     

Rahman  Md. Ashiqur  Rahman  Md. Mahbubur  Abdullah  Md. Sadeque  Sayeed  Md. Abu  Rashid  Md. Harun  Mahmud  Rashed  Belgrad  Joseph P.  Hoque  Md. Ahasanul 《Tropical animal health and production》2019,51(4):967-975

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Clouded leopards, the secretive top-carnivore of South-East Asian rainforests: their distribution, status and conservation needs in Sabah, Malaysia     

Andreas Wilting  Frauke Fischer  Soffian Abu Bakar  K Eduard Linsenmair 《BMC ecology》2006,6(1):16-13

Background  

The continued depletion of tropical rainforests and fragmentation of natural habitats has led to significant ecological changes which place most top carnivores under heavy pressure. Various methods have been used to determine the status of top carnivore populations in rainforest habitats, most of which are costly in terms of equipment and time. In this study we utilized, for the first time, a rigorous track classification method to estimate population size and density of clouded leopards (Neofelis nebulosa) in Tabin Wildlife Reserve in north-eastern Borneo (Sabah).  相似文献   

Improvement of thermo-mechanical properties of basalt fiber using heat resistant polymeric coatings     

Mohammad Abu Shayed  Rolf-Dieter Hund  Chokri Cherif 《Fibers and Polymers》2014,15(10):2086-2094

Heat resistant coatings of textile materials are required so that they can fulfill the high security demand in the case of resistance to fire and improve thermo-mechanical properties. These coatings also enhance the interface properties of textiles in the composites. Liquid phase coatings, based on polysilazane and polysiloxane polymers were deposited onto the basalt fiber (BF) yarn using impregnation coating method. Tensile testing under thermal stress was conducted to examine the thermo-mechanical properties of both coated and uncoated yarns. The thermo-mechanical study indicated that the heat resistant coatings enhanced 40–70 % tensile strength and 25–40 % stiffness of original BF yarns up to 400 °C. BF yarn retained 65–90 % of its tensile strength at 500 °C due to coatings, whereas the uncoated BF yarn lost 85 % strength at this temperature. Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the coatings have good thermal stability. In addition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, optical microscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analyses were executed in order to evaluate the surface microstructure as well as surface chemical compositions of the BF yarns.  相似文献   

Effects of participatory forest management on livelihood capitals of the community in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh     

Abu Saleh Md. Golam Kibria  Mohammed Jashimuddin  Inoue Makoto 《Journal of Forest Research》2014,19(1):42-51

In Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh, we surveyed 80 households to observe the effects of participatory forestry (PF) on the livelihood of local participants. We analyzed the effects on livelihood capitals to compare in two ways: (1) before and after participation, and (2) participants and non-participants. In Cox’s Bazar, there were some significant changes regarding income sources, but annual income was little changed after participation in participatory forestry. Literacy (about 10 % after participation) and mobile phone ownership (75 %) were significantly higher than before. Housing conditions were better (brick walls: 7.5 %; sun-grass roof: 70 %) than those of non-participants (brick walls: 0 %; sun-grass roof: 77.5 %). PF ensured legal rights on forest lands for participants, while non-participants were illegally living on public forestland. However, expenses were considerably higher than income; people were still struggling with poverty and many of them suffered from malnutrition. This ultimately put pressure on all capital. People had redistributed their available capital to cope with adversity, and there was a trend toward involvement in economic activities other than forests. Our study found that social capital was more influenced by PF more than other capitals. Due to the involvement with the PF program, people were feeling much more secure, women had elevated status, and social relationships became stronger.  相似文献