Sub-lethal effects of deltamethrin on walking behaviour and response to host kairomone of the egg parasitoid Trissolcus basalis     

Salerno G  Colazza S  Conti E 《Pest management science》2002,58(7):663-668

The lethal doses of the pyrethroid deltamethrin were estimated for the egg parasitoid Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), and the sub-lethal effects of an LD25 on female walking behaviour were evaluated. Linear speed of treated parasitoids was reduced compared with that of untreated ones for a period of up to 24 h. The sub-lethal effects of deltamethrin on parasitoid response to patches contaminated by a contact kairomone from its host, Nezara viridula L (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), was also evaluated. Both treated and untreated parasitoids responded to host-contaminated patches by increasing residence time and decreasing linear speed. However, treated females showed a significantly lower residence time compared with untreated females. Both treated and untreated females showed a similar decrease over time in the proportion of time spent in the host-contaminated patch. Hence, we hypothesise that the sub-lethal effect of deltamethrin on host foraging may decrease T basalis efficacy in controlling N viridula.  相似文献   

Use of the RFLP-PCR diagnostic test for characterizing MACE and kdr insecticide resistance in the peach potato aphid Myzus persicae     

Cassanelli S  Cerchiari B  Giannini S  Bizzaro D  Mazzoni E  Manicardi GC 《Pest management science》2005,61(1):91-96

The peach-potato aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) has developed a number of insecticide resistance mechanisms owing to the high selective pressure produced by world-wide insecticide treatments. Knowledge of the geographical distribution and the temporal evolution of these resistant phenotypes helps to develop suitable pest-management programs. Current understanding of the major mechanisms of resistance at the molecular level makes it possible to diagnose the presence of modified acetylcholinesterase (MACE) or knockdown resistance (kdr). This paper describes a rapid method for the identification of both resistance mechanisms in a single molecular assay by using restriction fragment length polymorphism of PCR products (RFLP-PCR) in individual as well as pooled aphids.  相似文献   

Hemolytic-uremic syndrome in a dog     

Dell'Orco M  Bertazzolo W  Pagliaro L  Roccabianca P  Comazzi S 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2005,34(3):264-269

A 3-year-old, spayed, female Boxer was presented because of acute onset of anorexia, vomiting, and hemorrhagic diarrhea. Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia with intravascular hemolysis, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal failure were detected. The dog was treated with fluids, antiemetics, antibiotics, and diuretics. Despite supportive therapy, the dog's condition worsened, and the owners elected euthanasia. Necropsy revealed disseminated petechiae on the parietal peritoneum and serosal surfaces of the intestinal tract. The histologic lesions were consistent with severe arteritis and microvascular thrombosis involving only the renal and intestinal arterioles. The final diagnosis was hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS), a rarely described disorder in dogs. The clinical presentation of primarily gastrointestinal clinical signs was similar to that of typical or diarrhea-associated HUS (D+ HUS) in humans (mainly children), which is caused by gastrointestinal proliferation of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli. Bacterial toxins can be adsorbed and cause endothelial injury, activation of hemostasis, and thrombosis, with lesions confined primarily to the kidneys. Although rare, HUS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of dogs with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia.  相似文献   

Expression and function of Toll-like receptor 2 in canine blood phagocytes   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Bazzocchi C  Mortarino M  Comazzi S  Bandi C  Franceschi A  Genchi C 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2005,104(1-2):15-19

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of highly conserved pattern recognition receptors (PRR) of mammals that participate in the activation of innate immune responses against microbial infections. Among these receptors, TLR2 is essential for the recognition of conserved structural components of bacteria, protozoa and fungi. Until now, expression of TLR2 in dogs has not been investigated. In this work we describe a partial sequence of the gene coding for canine TLR2 and show that TLR2 mRNA is constitutively expressed in canine blood PMNs. We also show that stimulation of purified PMNs with lipoteichoic acid (LTA), a ligand of TLR2, leads to the release of proinflammatory chemokine IL-8. Furthermore, TLR2 protein is easily detectable by flow cytometry on the canine peripheral blood granulocyte and monocyte cell surface, and slightly on lymphocytes. These findings suggest that, also in dogs as in humans the initial antibacterial response of PMNs could be elicited through engagement of TLR2.  相似文献   

Eradication of low pathogenicity avian influenza of the H7N3 subtype from Italy     

Capua I  Marangon S  Bonfanti L 《The Veterinary record》2004,154(20):639-640

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Vaccination in the control of avian influenza in the EU     

Capua I  Marangon S 《The Veterinary record》2003,152(9):271

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Disorders of sexual differentiation in puppies and kittens: a diagnostic and clinical approach.     

Stefano Romagnoli  Donald H Schlafer 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》2006,36(3):573-606, vii

As in all domestic mammals, sexual differentiation in dogs and cats starts early in the embryonic period prenatally and continues into early postnatal life. The result of such a process is, however, not evident until after puberty,a time when the entire reproductive system undergoes significant changes. Normality of sexual differentiation is difficult to observe in neonates of small animals, with the only gender difference being a slightly longer anogenital distance in male (13-15 mm) versus female (7-8 mm)animals. Early diagnosis of deviations from normality can spare breeders the time and effort devoted to raising an animal that may turn out to be unsuitable for becoming part of the reproductive stock and may spare owners the concern for a pet whose health may be unnecessarily threatened by failing to remove a malformed reproductive system early in life. This article reviews the incidence, clinical and gross anatomic features,and diagnostic approaches that veterinarians can use to address inborn errors of the reproductive system of dogs and cats, highlighting those malformations that bear clinical relevance and may become manifest from birth until puberty.  相似文献   

Expression of c-kit proto-oncogene in canine mastocytoma: a kinetic study using real-time polymerase chain reaction.     

Lauretta Turin  Fabio Acocella  Damiano Stefanello  Angelo Oseliero  Danilo Fondrini  Stefano Brizzola  Federica Riva 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2006,18(4):343-349

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Influence of cultivar and site of cultivation on levels of lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidants in virgin olive oils (Olea Europea L.) and correlations with oxidative stability     

Debora Tura  Carmen Gigliotti  Stefano Pedò  Osvaldo Failla  Daniele Bassi  Arnaldo Serraiocco 《Scientia Horticulturae》2007

Oxidation stability is an important property of olive oil quality and is affected by different antioxidant compounds whose levels may be influenced by cultivar, year and place of production. Polyphenols, tocopherols, carotenoids, chlorophylls and fatty acids levels were correlated to oxidative stability in olive oils from three experiments: cultivar influence (18 cultivars assessed for 4 years in the same place); environmental influence by mesoclimatic (4 cultivars from 17 sites in a single region for 4 years) and macroclimate conditions (3 cultivars from 3 different regions for 3 years). Total polyphenols and saturated on polyunsaturated fatty acids ratio were shown to be the major factors in oil antioxidant stability, according to multivariate regression models. Among the surveyed cultivars, oils from ‘Leccino’ and from three ‘local’, minor cultivars (‘Miniol’, ‘Regina’ and ‘Rossanello’) resulted in higher oxidative stability and oils from cultivars grown in Tuscany (central Italy) showed the highest oxidative stability by comparison with northern and southern regions.  相似文献   

Antigenic profiles of recombinant proteins from Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in sheep with Johne's disease     

Bannantine JP  Rosu V  Zanetti S  Rocca S  Ahmed N  Sechi LA 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2008,122(1-2):116-125

Methods to improve the ELISA test to detect Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis have been explored over several years. Previously, selected recombinant proteins of M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis were found to be immunogenic in cattle with Johne's disease. In the present study, antibody responses of infected and healthy sheep were evaluated using 18 purified recombinant proteins in an ELISA-based format for the serodiagnosis of ovine paratuberculosis. These selected recombinant proteins represent heat shock proteins, hypothetical proteins and cell surface proteins of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Whereas, Map0862 (a gene uniquely present in M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis) and Map3786 encoded protein solicited the strongest antibody response in infected sheep. The protein encoded by Map2116c showed the weakest antibody response among the animals tested. Although none of the recombinant proteins detected all 11 infected sheep singly, antibodies to Map0862 were detected in 9 of 11 (81%) infected sheep. Furthermore, ovine responses to these selected antigens were assessed temporally over the course of 1 year during which we found a spiking effect rather than an incremental increase of antibody reactivity. This study evaluated multiple M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis recombinant proteins in an ELISA-based format for sheep.  相似文献