排序方式： 共有53条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
AIM: To determine the prevalence of benzimidazole resistance in Nematodirus spathiger and N. filicollis from a sample of New Zealand farms.METHODS: The efficacy of albendazole (ABZ) against Nematodirus spp. was assessed by faecal nematode egg count reduction (FECR) tests undertaken in lambs aged 3–8 months old on 27 sheep farms throughout New Zealand. On each farm, groups of 10–16 lambs were either treated with ABZ (4.75?mg/kg) or remained as untreated controls. Faecal samples were collected from all animals at the time of treatment and 7–10 days later. Faecal nematode egg counts (FEC) were performed using a modified McMaster technique. Larvae were cultured from pooled faecal samples, collected 7–10 days after treatment from each group, by incubation at 20°C for 6 weeks, 4°C for 26 weeks then 13°C for 2 weeks. The resulting third stage larvae were identified to species using a multiplex PCR assay, that identified species-specific sequences in the second internal transcribed spacer region of ribosomal DNA. The efficacy of ABZ for N. spathiger and N. filicollis was calculated from the proportion of the two species in culture and the group mean FEC before and after treatment. Only farms with a mean of 10?epg for each species in untreated samples were included for analysis. Resistance was defined as an efficacy <95%.RESULTS: On farms that met the threshold of 10?epg in faecal samples, benzimidazole resistance was found on 20/21 (95%) farms for N. spathiger compared with 4/10 (40%) farms for N. filicollis (p<0.05). In samples collected following treatment, a mean of 83 (min 46, max 100)% of Nematodirus spp. larvae recovered from the untreated groups were N. spathiger, compared with 94 (min 45, max 100)% in the ABZ treated groups (p=0.03). This change in percentage was not influenced by the overall efficacy of treatment based on the FECR test (p=0.324).CONCLUSION: The results confirm the high level of resistance in N. spathiger in New Zealand and that benzimidazole resistance was more common in N. spathiger than N. filicollis. While resistance to benzimidazole anthelmintics has been reported previously in New Zealand, this is the first report of N. filicollis being resistant to benzimidazole anthelmintics. 相似文献
12.
WE CHAMBERLIN 《Australian veterinary journal》1993,70(3):120-120
13.
GR MARTIN RJ SUTHERLAND† ID ROBERTSON† WE KIRKPATRICK DR KING PJ HOOD† 《Australian veterinary journal》1991,68(7):241-243
The toxicity of pindone, a rabbit poison, to horses, cattle, goats, chickens, dogs and cats was investigated, using extension of prothrombin time (PT) as an index of poisoning. The daily dose of pindone, administered for 5 days, ranged from 0.3 mg/kg for dogs to 2.5 mg/kg for chickens. This range of dose rates was considered to be indicative of the worst possible case that could arise following a campaign of baiting for rabbits. Although significant elevations in PT (more than double baseline values) were noted in all species other than horses, clinical signs of anticoagulant poisoning were not observed in any of the species tested. From the observed PT, cattle and cats appeared to be the most susceptible, and horses the least susceptible, to pindone toxicity. The half-lives of the elevated PT were calculated as 3.1 days for cattle, 2.8 days for goats and chickens, 1.9 days for horses and dogs and less than one day for cats. It is proposed that these half-lives can be used as a guide for determining the duration of treatment of pindone-affected animals. 相似文献
14.
Ericson LM Fan H Peng H Davis VA Zhou W Sulpizio J Wang Y Booker R Vavro J Guthy C Parra-Vasquez AN Kim MJ Ramesh S Saini RK Kittrell C Lavin G Schmidt H Adams WW Billups WE Pasquali M Hwang WF Hauge RH Fischer JE Smalley RE 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,305(5689):1447-1450
Well-aligned macroscopic fibers composed solely of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were produced by conventional spinning. Fuming sulfuric acid charges SWNTs and promotes their ordering into an aligned phase of individual mobile SWNTs surrounded by acid anions. This ordered dispersion was extruded via solution spinning into continuous lengths of macroscopic neat SWNT fibers. Such fibers possess interesting structural composition and physical properties. 相似文献
15.
Extrapolating species abundance across spatial scales 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
WE Kunin 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,281(5382):1513-1515
The analysis, measurement, and management of species abundance is central to ecology and conservation biology, but it has proved difficult to find a single index that adequately reflects the commonness or rarity of species across a range of spatial scales. Here, a scale-independent measure of species abundance is developed, using presence-absence maps at varying spatial resolutions. By extrapolating such "scale-area" curves, species abundance can be estimated accurately even at scales finer than those used to parameterize the model, a task that had previously been deemed impossible in principle. 相似文献
16.
在工程测设曲线长期实践中，发现了一种简易实用的方法---短弦中垂距法。经采用科学的原理分析，在理论上是成立的。该方法使用工具简易，测设方法步骤易学易懂。对短弦中垂法的测量原理及测量方法和步骤进行了论述。实践证明，在地形复杂和量距困难的地区，利用短弦中垂距法进行圆曲线测量，是一种好的方法。 相似文献
17.
CM Okeoma NB Williamson WE Pomroy KM Stowell LM Gillespie 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):364-370
AIM: To isolate Neospora caninum from the brains of naturally infected cattle and use molecular techniques to characterise the isolates. METHODS: Neospora caninum tachyzoites were isolated in Vero cell culture from the brains of a cow and two calves. The isolates were characterised using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods, DNA sequencing, an immunofluorescent anti-body test (IFAT), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The brains of the three cattle were subjected to histopathological examination. A pathogenicity study was conducted in 120 BALB/c mice. RESULTS: Neospora caninum tachyzoites were isolated from all three cases and first observed in vitro between 14 and 17 days post-inoculation. Parasites were sub-cultured and maintained in Vero cell culture for more than 6 months. PCR products were generated for all three isolates, using two different primers. Sequencing of the PCR products and a subsequent BLAST search identified the isolates as N. caninum. In addition, the isolates tested positive using IFAT and IHC, and ultrastructure revealed by TEM was characteristic of N. caninum. Histopathological examination revealed lesions characteristic of N. caninum in 1/3 brains. In the pathogenicity study using BALB/c mice, the mortality rate was 3–7%. CONCLUSION: This was the first successful isolation of N. caninum in New Zealand confirmed using molecular characterisation tests. 相似文献
18.
EKB Richardson N Cogger WE Pomroy MA Potter RS Morris 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(5):269-277
Abstract AIMS: To determine the annual likelihood of exposure to an infectious dose of Trichinella spiralis from consuming imported pork meat from New Zealand to Singapore. METHODS: Input values specific for chilled pork meat imported into Singapore from New Zealand were used in a quantitative risk-assessment model. The model, designed to allow any combination of importing and exporting countries, was divided into two components, viz the release assessment, and the exposure assessment that assessed the annual risk of exposure to the consumer (ARC). The former estimated the likelihood that a contaminated fresh meat product from New Zealand would arrive at Singapore's border, and took into consideration the prevalence of disease on different types of farms. The latter determined the likelihood over a year that a person in Singapore would consume one or more servings of imported fresh meat from New Zealand that contained a burden of greater than or equal to one larva(e) of T. spiralis per gram after preparation for consumption. RESULTS: The ARC for offal was 2.41 × 10?7, which was below the pre-selected safety threshold of 1.00 × 10?6. The ARC for lean meat was 2.39 x 10?5, which was above the acceptable safety threshold. CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrated that continued routine testing at slaughter is unnecessary for pig offal produced commercially, and provided a model with which to further assess management of the risk of exposure to T. spiralis in lean meat. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The potential of Trichinella species to cause disease in humans is a public health concern, and has created adverse effects on the international trade of fresh lean meat without regard to the surveillance measures employed by particular pork-producing countries. 相似文献
19.
在水培实验条件下,研究了再生水对油菜、大白菜和萝卜种子萌发、生长发育及其活性氧清除系统的影响。结果表明,再生水对萝卜种子发芽率有明显的促进作用,对油菜种子无显著影响,而大白菜种子表现出一定的抑制作用;再生水对各物种幼苗生长发育有一定促进作用,但对根系生长抑制作用显著。再生水灌溉可激活油菜和萝卜体内抗氧化因子,提高了油菜和萝卜清除体内自由基的能力,对油菜和萝卜生长有一定的促进作用。再生水灌溉大白菜叶片MDA含量与对照组相比显著增加,POD酶活力显著降低,指示大白菜受到一定程度的生理胁迫。各作物叶绿素含量也显著高于对照。 相似文献
20.
J P Heggers L H Billups D J Hinrichs L P Mallavia 《American journal of veterinary research》1975,36(7):1047-1052
Guinea pigs infected with 9-mile phase I strain of Coxiella burnetii had increased blood glucose concentrations; alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (GOT), alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (alpha-HBDH), and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) activities; and bilirubin value. Hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia were evident in the latter days of infection. At necropsy of the guinea pigs, necrotic foci were in liver, spleen, and heart. Seemingly, the major pathophysiologic changes in infected guinea pigs were the direct result of lesions in liver, spleen, and heart in which rickettsial bodies were readily observable with histologic staining procedures. The guinea pig may serve as an animal disease model for Q fever. 相似文献