Cerebellar abiotrophy in Angus cattle     

PJ MITCHELL  W. REILLY  PAW HARPER  CJ McCAUGHAN 《Australian veterinary journal》1993,70(2):67-68

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A comparison of the pathogenicity of two strains of hog cholera virus: 1. Clinical and pathological studies     

S. KAMOLSIRIPRICHAIPORN  PT HOOPER  CJ MORRISSY  HA WESTBURY 《Australian veterinary journal》1992,69(10):240-244

The virulence of a strain of hog cholera virus isolated during an outbreak of mild disease in pigs in New South Wales in 1960/61 (the NSW strain) was compared over 11 days with that of a virulent strain by inoculating 8 pigs with each virus and comparing the ensuing clinical signs and pathology. Both viruses caused persistent pyrexia and leukopenia, the NSW strain 4 to 5 days and the virulent strain 3 days, after inoculation. Few other clinical signs were observed in the pigs inoculated with the NSW strain. In contrast, all pigs inoculated with the virulent strain became progressively depressed and incoordinated, and were killed between days 6 and 9. Bronchopneumonia and swollen, reddened lymph nodes were observed in pigs inoculated with both viruses. Few other gross lesions were observed with the NSW strain, but some pigs receiving the virulent strain had pustules in the tonsil and the anterior oesophagus, petechial haemorrhages in the kidney, and small infarcts at the margins of the spleen. There were marked differences in the histopathology, both in the variety of organs affected and the severity of lesions in individual organs. Suppurative bronchopneumonia occurred in both groups. Other changes in the pigs affected with the NSW strain were colitis, mild cerebral vasculitis, necrosis, haemorrhage and neutrophil infiltration in some lymph nodes and spleens. In pigs infected with virulent virus the cerebral vasculitis was so severe that there was necrosis of cells within the vessel walls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

Plasma lipids, lipoproteins and post-heparin lipases in ponies with hyperlipaemia.   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

T D Watson  L Burns  S Love  C J Packard  J Shepherd 《Equine veterinary journal》1992,24(5):341-346

The metabolic origins of equine hyperlipaemia were investigated by analysing the concentration and composition of plasma lipoproteins in 18 ponies with the condition. The mean concentrations of cholesterol, triglyceride and very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) were increased by 4-, 52- and 19-fold, respectively, compared with a control group of 18 healthy ponies. These increases were due to the appearance of a buoyant VLDL fraction (VLDL1) not present in healthy ponies. The mean diameter of VLDL1 particles was 44% greater than control VLDL, and the particles were enriched in triglyceride and free cholesterol and depleted of cholesteryl esters, phospholipid and protein. The apolipoprotein (apo) B-100 content of VLDL1 was reduced and the ratio of apoB-100 to apoB-48 particles was 1:1, compared with 2:1 in control VLDL. The VLDL1 was also enriched in apoE, but had normal complements of apoC-II and apoC-III. The conventional VLDL (called VLDL2), LDL and HDL fractions were moderately enriched with triglyceride, and HDL contained increased amounts of apoE, apoC-II and apoC-III. The activities of lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase, the enzymes responsible for the catabolism of VLDL and their remnants, were increased by 2- and 3-fold, respectively, in response to the increased concentrations of their substrates. The composition of VLDL1 suggested that the liver was maximising the secretion of triglyceride by producing larger number of VLDL particles that accommodated a greater mass of triglyceride by having apoB-48 rather than apoB-100 as their structural protein. Plasma free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations were elevated in 17 of the 18 ponies, suggesting that increased FFA flux might be the stimulus for hepatic triglyceride synthesis and VLDL secretion. We conclude that overproduction, rather than defective catabolism, of VLDL was the cause of the hyperlipidaemia and that lipid lowering agents which reduce VLDL synthesis, by decreasing adipose lipolysis and FFA flux, are candidates for the management of hyperlipaemia.  相似文献   

Luteal function and reproductive response in suckled beef cows after metestrus administration of a norgestomet implant and injection of estradiol valerate with various dosages of injectable norgestomet.     

M D Fanning  J C Spitzer  G L Burns  B B Plyler 《Journal of animal science》1992,70(5):1352-1356

In an experiment replicated over 2 yr, 149 suckled beef cows were administered Syncro-Mate-B (SMB), a 6-mg Norgestomet (NOR) ear implant (in situ 9 d) in conjunction with an i.m. injection of 5 mg of estradiol valerate (EV), and either 3.0, 4.5, or 6.0 mg of NOR, 2 d after estrus. All cows were artificially inseminated at 48 h (timed insemination; TI) after implant removal (IR) and cows were reinseminated at any estrus subsequent to 24 h of TI through 30 d. Blood samples collected before treatment, every 3 d through IR, and at TI were assayed for progesterone (P4). At TI, 44, 39, and 12% of cows treated with 3.0, 4.5, or 6.0 mg of NOR, respectively, had serum concentrations of P4 greater than 1 ng/mL (3.0 and 4.5 mg vs 6.0 mg, P less than .01). Fifty-eight, 63, and 84% of cows treated with 3.0, 4.5, or 6.0 mg of NOR, respectively, exhibited a synchronized (within 5 d of IR) estrus (3.0 and 4.5 mg vs 6.0 mg, P less than .05). Pregnancy rates for the 5-d synchronized period were 38, 45, and 66% for cows treated with 3.0, 4.5, or 6.0 mg of NOR, respectively (3.0 and 4.5 mg vs 6.0 mg, P less than .05). First-service pregnancy rates were 66, 71, and 79% for cows treated with 3.0, 4.5, or 6.0 mg of NOR, respectively (P greater than .10).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

The first case of genetically confirmed monozygotic twinning in the dog          下载免费PDF全文

CJ Joonè  KGM De Cramer  JO Nöthling 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2016,51(5):835-839

Monozygotic twinning has not previously been genetically confirmed in the dog. This case report describes the finding of two viable male monozygotic foetuses within one placental site during caesarean section. Their umbilical cords attached to a single placenta. Genetic profiling using a total of 38 microsatellite markers, as well as amelogenin and SRY for sex determination, revealed identical DNA profiles, whether derived from blood or tissue (buccal swabs) samples. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of monozygotic twinning in the dog confirmed using DNA profiling.  相似文献   

Cytological analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid acquired by bronchoscopy in healthy ferrets: A pilot study     

Marjorie Bercier  Isabelle Langlois  Marilyn Dunn  Pierre Hélie  Patrick Burns  Carolyn Gara-Boivin 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2016,80(1):74-80

The objective of this study was to investigate the normal cytological evaluation of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid in healthy adult ferrets (N = 12). These ferrets underwent bronchoscopy and BAL using sterile saline [1.5 mL/kg body weight (BW)]. Percentage of fluid recovered, total leukocyte count, differential leukocyte count, and cell count of the epithelial lining fluid (ELF) were determined. The mean percentage of lavage volume recovered from the right lung and left lung were 67.8 ± 14.9% and 69.7 ± 20.0%, respectively. Gender (P = 0.12) and weight (P = 0.17) did not significantly affect the mean percentage of recovered volume. The mean percentage of recovered volume (P = 0.47) and the mean leukocyte count (P = 0.17) from the right and left lung were not significantly different. Macrophages were the main leukocyte component of the lavages, followed by neutrophils, lymphocytes, and eosinophils. The mean proportion of ELF in BAL fluid was 9.3 ± 3.7% v/v. Bronchoscopy is clinically useful for collecting good quality BAL samples for cytological analysis in ferrets. The leucocyte differential was established, which may help veterinarians to make better clinical decisions when treating respiratory disease. Further studies are required with a larger group in order to establish the healthy reference intervals for BAL values in ferrets.  相似文献   

Stabilisation of periarticular fractures and osteotomies with a notched head locking T‐plate          下载免费PDF全文

CJ Tan  KA Johnson 《Australian veterinary journal》2016,94(10):377-383

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Ex Vivo Biomechanical Comparison of 4 Suture Materials for Laparoscopic Bladder Closure in the Horse          下载免费PDF全文

Pavlina Ruzickova  Patrick Burns  Perrine Piat  Martin G. Frasch  Guy Beauchamp  Yvonne A. Elce 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2016,45(3):374-379

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Cardiopulmonary effects and recovery characteristics of horses anesthetized with xylazine–ketamine with midazolam or propofol     

Adrianna M. Sage  Stephanie CJ. Keating  Kara M. Lascola  David J. Schaeffer  Stuart C. Clark-Price 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2018,45(6):772-781

Objective

To evaluate cardiopulmonary and recovery characteristics of horses administered total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) with xylazine and ketamine combined with midazolam or propofol.

Study design

Randomized crossover study.

Animals

A group of eight adult horses, aged 7–22 years, weighing 493–740 kg.

Methods

Horses were administered xylazine (1 mg kg^?1) intravenously (IV), and anesthesia was induced with ketamine (2.2 mg kg^?1) IV. Anesthesia was maintained for 45 minutes via IV infusion of xylazine (0.016 mg kg^?1 minute^?1) and ketamine (0.03 mg kg^?1 minute^?1) combined with midazolam at 0.002 mg kg^?1 minute^?1 (MKX), propofol at 0.05 mg kg^?1 minute^?1 (PKX_low) or propofol at 0.1 mg kg^?1 minute^?1 (PKX_high). Additional ketamine was administered if a horse moved spontaneously. Cardiopulmonary variables, blood gases, lactate concentration, packed cell volume and total solids were recorded before sedation (baseline), at 10, 20, 30 and 45 minutes during TIVA and 10 minutes after standing. Recovery variables and quantitative recovery scores were compared. Significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results

Additional ketamine was required for 50% of MKX horses. Systolic arterial pressure was elevated in MKX at 20 minutes compared with baseline (p = 0.043), at 10 and 20 minutes compared with PKX_high (p = 0.007, p = 0.024) and at 20 and 30 minutes compared with PKX_low (p = 0.009, p = 0.02). MKX horses (5/8) were hypertensive compared with PKX_low (1/8; p = 0.017). All horses became hypoxemic (PaO₂ ≤80 mmHg; 10.7 kPa) during TIVA. Recovery variables did not differ among treatments.

Conclusions and clinical relevance

PKX_low and PKX_high had similar cardiopulmonary and recovery performance compared with MKX. PKX combinations provided superior quality of anesthesia to that of MKX. A combination of propofol, ketamine and xylazine administered as TIVA can be used in horses to provide anesthesia for short procedures. Supplemental oxygen is recommended.  相似文献   

Cardiovascular images: vascular hamartoma of the mitral valve in a horse     

M.J. DiVincenzo  J.D. Bonagura  L. Rings  T.A. Burns  R.E. Cianciolo  R. Kohnken 《Journal of Veterinary Cardiology》2018,20(6):399-404

An 8-month-old Hanoverian gelding was presented with a history of cardiac murmurs that were not apparent as a foal nor reported at the time of castration. Major echocardiographic findings included mitral valvular thickening, functional stenosis, and mitral regurgitation of sufficient severity to cause diastolic and systolic cardiac murmurs, left-sided volume overload, and pulmonary hypertension. Due to the hemodynamic severity of the lesion and poor prognosis for future performance and longevity, euthanasia was elected. On gross postmortem examination, there was focal fibrous epicarditis affecting the heart base, and the left atrium was moderately dilated. The mitral valve surface was irregular and contained several nodules along the atrial face of the cusp. Histologically, this lesion was diagnosed as a vascular hamartoma, which is rarely reported in veterinary species and has not been described in heart valves. This benign proliferative lesion, and concurrent valvular dysfunction, was associated with an unusual manifestation of clinically evident disease and should be differentiated from common incidental valvular lesions such as hematocysts.  相似文献