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排序方式： 共有94条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
CM Volk JW Elkins DW Fahey RJ Salawitch GS Dutton JM Gilligan MH Proffitt M Loewenstein JR Podolske K Minschwaner JJ Margitan KR Chan 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1996,272(5269):1763-1768
Airborne in situ observations of molecules with a wide range of lifetimes (methane, nitrous oxide, reactive nitrogen, ozone, chlorinated halocarbons, and halon-1211), used in a tropical tracer model, show that mid-latitude air is entrained into the tropical lower stratosphere within about 13.5 months; transport is faster in the reverse direction. Because exchange with the tropics is slower than global photochemical models generally assume, ozone at mid-latitudes appears to be more sensitive to elevated levels of industrial chlorine than is currently predicted. Nevertheless, about 45 percent of air in the tropical ascent region at 21 kilometers is of mid-latitude origin, implying that emissions from supersonic aircraft could reach the middle stratosphere. 相似文献
62.
CR SMITH MR McGOWAN CS McCLINTOCK BG CORNEY PJ KETTERER L. SMYTHE W. WARD 《Australian veterinary journal》1997,75(11):822-826
Objective To observe the effect upon the foetus of experimental infection of pregnant cattle with Leptospira borg-petersenii serovar hardjo .
Design A disease transmission study using pregnant cattle.
Procedure Fourteen heifers serologically negative to L hardjo were artificially inseminated and later challenged with a north-Queensland isolate of L hardjo by conjunctival inoculation. The heifers were serologically monitored and their urine examined for the presence of leptospires using culture and fluorescent-antibody tests at appropriate intervals. Elective caesarean sections were performed on pregnant heifers at 6.5 weeks after the challenge. Foetuses were examined using serological, histopathological, microbiological and fluorescent-antibody tests.
Results Ten of the heifers became pregnant, but three subsequently aborted before challenge. After challenge, all 14 heifers seroconverted and L hardjo was isolated from the urine of 6 of the 7 pregnant heifers. No evidence of foetal L hardjo infection was detected. Two of the foetuses had histopatho-logical lesions consistent with Neospora s p infection.
Conclusion It is likely that the isolate of L hardjo used in this study does not normally infect the foetus. Neospora s p may be a more significant cause of bovine reproductive wastage. 相似文献
Design A disease transmission study using pregnant cattle.
Procedure Fourteen heifers serologically negative to L hardjo were artificially inseminated and later challenged with a north-Queensland isolate of L hardjo by conjunctival inoculation. The heifers were serologically monitored and their urine examined for the presence of leptospires using culture and fluorescent-antibody tests at appropriate intervals. Elective caesarean sections were performed on pregnant heifers at 6.5 weeks after the challenge. Foetuses were examined using serological, histopathological, microbiological and fluorescent-antibody tests.
Results Ten of the heifers became pregnant, but three subsequently aborted before challenge. After challenge, all 14 heifers seroconverted and L hardjo was isolated from the urine of 6 of the 7 pregnant heifers. No evidence of foetal L hardjo infection was detected. Two of the foetuses had histopatho-logical lesions consistent with Neospora s p infection.
Conclusion It is likely that the isolate of L hardjo used in this study does not normally infect the foetus. Neospora s p may be a more significant cause of bovine reproductive wastage. 相似文献
63.
KM Ketzner AA Stewart CR Byron M Stewart EM Gaughan PD Vanharreveld JD Lillich 《Australian veterinary journal》2009,87(9):363-368
Objective Describe the use of a phalangeal cast as treatment for wounds in the pastern and foot region of horses. Secondly, to evaluate the healing and soundness of horses treated with phalangeal casts.
Design Retrospective study of 49 horses.
Procedures Medical records of 49 horses that were treated with a phalangeal cast for 50 cases of wounds in the pastern and foot region at equine referral hospitals from 1995 to 2006 were reviewed and follow-up information was obtained.
Results Treatment consisted of wound debridement, lavage, wound closure (28 wounds), cast application and antibiotics (84%). At follow-up, the majority of horses were sound (42 of 47 wounds, 89.4%), three horses were still lame and one horse was euthanased because of persistent lameness. Three horses were lost to follow-up. There was no statistical difference between the outcomes of horses treated acutely (<24 h) or after a 24-h delay. Similarly, the involvement of synovial structures in the wound did not significantly influence outcome.
Conclusions In this study, wounds involving the pastern and foot that were treated with a phalangeal cast carried a good prognosis for soundness (89.4%) and cosmetic healing (89.5%). The phalangeal casts were well-tolerated and effective. 相似文献
Design Retrospective study of 49 horses.
Procedures Medical records of 49 horses that were treated with a phalangeal cast for 50 cases of wounds in the pastern and foot region at equine referral hospitals from 1995 to 2006 were reviewed and follow-up information was obtained.
Results Treatment consisted of wound debridement, lavage, wound closure (28 wounds), cast application and antibiotics (84%). At follow-up, the majority of horses were sound (42 of 47 wounds, 89.4%), three horses were still lame and one horse was euthanased because of persistent lameness. Three horses were lost to follow-up. There was no statistical difference between the outcomes of horses treated acutely (<24 h) or after a 24-h delay. Similarly, the involvement of synovial structures in the wound did not significantly influence outcome.
Conclusions In this study, wounds involving the pastern and foot that were treated with a phalangeal cast carried a good prognosis for soundness (89.4%) and cosmetic healing (89.5%). The phalangeal casts were well-tolerated and effective. 相似文献
64.
JR Strickland MA Custis AK Ashley LL Smith JL Klotz CR Krehbiel 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(5):288-292
AIM: To validate the use of para-aminohippuric acid (PAH) as a marker for measuring blood flow in wethers consuming a mixed diet of locoweed and blue grama hay. METHODS: Fourteen sheep, stratified by bodyweight (BW), were assigned to one of three treatments: 0.8 mg swainsonine (SW)/kg BW (HI), 0.2 mg SW/kg BW (LO), and no SW (Control). Sheep were fed various ratios of locoweed and blue grama hay to deliver SW treatments, for 28 days prior to infusion of PAH. Concentrations of SW and activities of alkaline phosphatase (Alk-P) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum were measured to confirm exposure to SW and subclinical intoxication. A single 20-ml injection of 5% PAH was delivered into the jugular vein after subclinical intoxication had been achieved. Blood samples were collected and serum analysed for PAH immediately prior to injection, then every 5 min from 5–30 min, and every 10 min from 30–60 min, following injection of PAH. RESULTS: Effective delivery of SW was evident from the greater concentrations of SW measured in the serum of HI compared with LO animals (p<0.05). No significant differences were detected in the rate of elimination (range 0.097–0.108 L/min), elimination half-life (range 6.62–7.24 min), apparent volume of distribution for the central compartment (range 7.14–9.72 L), and clearance (range 0.73–0.92 L/min) of PAH, between treatments. CONCLUSIONS: Subclinical intoxication with SW did not affect the pharmacokinetics of PAH. Thus, use of downstream dilution of PAH is a valid method to determine the rate of blood flow in nutrient flux experiments that involve consumption of locoweed. 相似文献
65.
66.
AWD LEPPER CR WILKS† M. KOTIW† JT WHITEHEAD† KS SWART† 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(2):50-55
Twenty calves were orally infected with Mycobacterium paratuberculosis before weaning. Ten of these plus 4 non-infected controls were maintained on elevated dietary iron intake from 6 to 33 months of age. During this time, in which the majority of animals were bred, the influence of increased dietary iron upon tests of cellular and humoral immune responsiveness to antigens of the organism were monitored. Results were examined in relation to the organism's capacity to multiply and infect up to 7 portions of the intestinal tract. No significant differences were detected in the degree of intestinal disease or pattern of faecal excretion of M. paratuberculosis in iron supplemented and non-supplemented cattle. Cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to johnin PPD developed at 1 month and in-vitro lymphocyte and immunostimulatory activity (LS) to this antigen at 2 months after infection. LS indices were significantly reduced in magnitude in iron-supplemented cattle (p less than 0.01). Most ELISA antibody responses were positive 10 to 17 months after infection and preceded the fewer number of CF responses by several months. Neither of the antibody tests was affected by elevated iron intake. Generally, complete or partial resistance to paratuberculosis was associated with sustained positive monthly LS tests (index greater than or equal to 2.0), whereas antibody levels tended to be sustained only in the more severely affected cattle. Although neither test system was affected by pregnancy the ELISA failed to detect a significant proportion of cattle chronically shedding M. paratuberculosis in faeces. 相似文献
67.
68.
CR Jimenez JL de Azevedo RG Silveira J Penitente‐Filho EL Carrascal‐Triana AM Zolini VR Araujo CAA Torres WG Gonçalves 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2016,51(3):435-444
This study aimed at assessing the effect of different concentrations of the growth factor similar to insulin 1 (IGF‐1) in the development, survival and ultrastructure of the bovine preantral follicles cultured in situ. Fragments of bovine ovarian cortical tissue were cultured during 1 and 7 days in 1 ml of α‐MEM+, supplemented with different concentrations of human recombinant IGF‐1 (0, 30, 70 and 100 ng/ml), in an incubator at 37°C and 5% of CO2 in 24‐well plates with total replacement of the medium every 2 days. Non‐cultured ovarian fragments (control) and ovarian fragments cultured during 1 and 7 days were processed for classic histology, mechanical isolation and electron transmission microscopy (ETM). Parameters such as normality, viability, activation, development, diameter and ultrastructure were evaluated. All statistical analyses were carried out using sas Version 9.2. The results showed that the percentage of follicles morphologically normal in the IGF‐1 30 ng/ml treatment was similar to the fresh control (p > 0.05) both on the day 1 and on the day 7 of in vitro culture. In the viability analysis, the cultured treatments maintained the percentage of viable follicles during the entire culture period (p > 0.05). After 7 days of culture, the IGF‐1 30 ng/ml treatment showed higher percentages of developing follicles (48.33%) than those of the fresh control (22.22%) and the cultured treatments (p < 0.05). Also, after 7 days of culture, IGF‐1 30 ng/ml presented a higher follicular diameter when compared to the control and other concentrations of IGF‐1 tested. Ultrastructurally, the non‐cultured control and IGF‐1 30 ng/ml, after 7 days of culture, showed conserved oocytes, nuclei and organelles. Hence, it is concluded that IGF‐1 30 ng/ml was the most efficient concentration for the development of bovine preantral follicles cultured in vitro. 相似文献
69.
70.