Sectional notes     

L. M. Ware  M. A. Lindsay  Eugene W. Whiteman  W. B. Ward  Marx Koehnke  J. C. Campbell  C. A. Henderson  M. E. Gardner  C. N. Clayton 《American Journal of Potato Research》1944,21(4):115-121

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Sectional notes     

Ernest Marx  C. H. Metzger  Eugene W. Whitman  W. B. Ward  S. W. Anderson  A. J. Tolaas  Marx Koehnke  J. C. Campbell  E. V. Hardenburg  E. B. Tussing  Harold L. Bailey  H. H. Zimmerley  Chas D. Gaines 《American Journal of Potato Research》1944,21(7):203-210

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Sectional notes     

M. A. Lindsay  C. H. Metzger  B. A. Brown  Eugene W. Whitman  W. B. Ward  John S. Gardner  A. G. Tolaas  Marx Koehnke  J. C. Campbell  H. R. Talmage  E. V. Hardenburg  C. A. Henderson  H. L. Bailey 《American Journal of Potato Research》1944,21(9):261-268

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Sectional notes     

Ernest Marx  A. H. Eddins  Eugene W. Whiteman  W. B. Ward  P. T. Ecton  Marx Koehnke  J. C. Campbell  K. W. Lauer  W. H. Friend 《American Journal of Potato Research》1944,21(3):76-81

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Sectional notes     

E. Marx  C. H. Metzger  B. A. Brown  Eugene W. Whitman  H. R. Talmage  Frank W. Hussey  H. A. Reiley  Marx Koehnke  J. C. Campbell  E. V. Hardenburg  Karl H. Fernow  Earl B. Tussing  E. R. Jackman  C. A. Henderson  O. D. Burke  K. W. Lauer  John Noonan  H. L. Bailey  Chas D. Gaines  W. N. Keenan  R. E. Goodin 《American Journal of Potato Research》1943,20(8):224-236

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Sectional notes     

E. Marx  A. H. Eddins  G. D. Ruehle  H. L. Cochran  A. C. Moreau  J. V. Pace  Marx Koehnke  J. C. Campbell  M. E. Gardner  E. R. Jackman  C. A. Henderson  K. W. Lauer  C. N. Clayton  John Noonan  D. H. Friend  G. S. Ralston  H. M. Darling 《American Journal of Potato Research》1943,20(4):95-106

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Plankton indices explain interannual variability in Prince William Sound herring first year growth          下载免费PDF全文

S. D. Batten  S. Moffitt  W. S. Pegau  R. Campbell 《Fisheries Oceanography》2016,25(4):420-432

This study examines the relationships between first year growth of juvenile Prince William Sound herring, temperature and their food. We present time series of herring first year growth, determined from scale measurements as a proxy for herring length, water temperature and indices of multiple trophic levels of plankton obtained from Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) sampling on the adjacent Gulf of Alaska shelf. We show that there was a significant correlation between herring growth and water temperature, when the three warmest years were excluded (the mean July and August temperatures were greater than 12.5°C in 1989, 2004 and 2005). There were also strong, significant relationships between the abundance of appropriately sized (for first‐feeding herring) planktonic prey groups and herring growth. First year herring growth was greater in years with higher abundances of diatoms, microzooplankton and small mesozooplankton but not related to variability in abundance of larger mesozooplankton (such as euphausiids and large copepods). Furthermore, the strong interannual relationship between diatoms and herring growth held true even in the warmest years where the relationship between temperature and growth broke down. We also found seasonal timing and abundance changes in the plankton in warm years that would make the prey more abundant during the summer months immediately after metamorphosis of the herring larvae. We thus conclude that young‐of‐the‐year herring may grow better in warm years because the timing of key prey is a better match for their first feeding.  相似文献   

Efficacy and Pharmacokinetics of Pantoprazole in Alpacas     

G.W. Smith  J.L. Davis  S.M. Smith  M.P. Gerard  N.B. Campbell  D.M. Foster 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2010,24(4):949-955

Background: Despite frequent clinical use, information about the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of pantoprazole in camelids is not available. Objectives: To examine the pharmacokinetics of both IV and SC pantoprazole and to determine whether pantoprazole administration would increase 3rd compartment pH in alpacas. Animals: Six healthy adult alpacas. Methods: Alpacas were fitted with a 3rd compartment cannula for measuring gastric pH. After recovery, alpacas received 1 mg/kg pantoprazole IV, q24h for 3 days or 2 mg/kg SC q24h for 3 days. Alpacas received both IV and SC pantoprazole, with a minimum of 3 weeks between treatments. Third compartment pH was recorded and plasma samples were taken for pharmacokinetic analysis. Results: Pantoprazole induced a slow but sustained increase in 3rd compartment pH when given by both the IV and SC routes. Third compartment pH was significantly increased as compared with baseline values (1.81 ± 0.7; mean ± SD) at 24 (2.47 ± 0.8), 48 (3.53 ± 1.0) and 72 hours (4.03 ± 1.3) after daily IV administration of pantoprazole. Third compartment pH increased from 1.73 ± 0.6 at baseline to 3.05 ± 1.1, 4.02 ± 1.4, and 3.61 ± 1.6 at 24, 48, and 72 hours after SC administration, respectively. Pharmacokinetic analysis demonstrated that pantoprazole had a short elimination half‐life (0.47 + 0.06 h) and a high clearance rate (12.2 ± 2.9 mL/kg/min) after both IV and SC administration. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Based on the results of this study, pantoprazole represents a safe and effective drug for increasing 3rd compartment pH in camelids. Either IV or SC administration is likely to be an effective treatment for gastric ulcers.  相似文献   

Effect of glyphosate on the tripartite symbiosis formed by Glomus intraradices,Bradyrhizobium japonicum,and genetically modified soybean     

Jeff R. Powell  Rachel G. Campbell  Kari E. Dunfield  Robert H. Gulden  Miranda M. Hart  David J. Levy-Booth  John N. Klironomos  K. Peter Pauls  Clarence J. Swanton  Jack T. Trevors  Pedro M. Antunes 《Applied soil ecology》2009,41(1):128-136

Most soybeans grown in North America are genetically modified (GM) to tolerate applications of the broad-spectrum herbicide glyphosate; as a result, glyphosate is now extensively used in soybean cropping systems. Soybean roots form both arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and rhizobial symbioses. In addition to individually improving host plant fitness, these symbioses also interact to influence the functioning of each symbiosis, thereby establishing a tripartite symbiosis. The objectives of this study were to (1) estimate the effects of glyphosate on the establishment and functioning of AM and rhizobial symbioses with GM soybean, and (2) to estimate the interdependence of the symbioses in determining the response of each symbiosis to glyphosate. These objectives were addressed in two experiments; the first investigated the importance of the timing of glyphosate application in determining the responses of the symbionts and the second varied the rate of glyphosate application. Glyphosate applied at recommended field rates had no effect on Glomus intraradices or Bradyrhizobium japonicum colonization of soybean roots, or on soybean foliar tissue [P]. N₂-fixation was greater for glyphosate-treated soybean plants than for untreated-plants in both experiments, but only when glyphosate was applied at the first trifoliate soybean growth stage. These data deviate from previous studies estimating the effect of glyphosate on the rhizobial symbiosis, some of which observed negative effects on rhizobial colonization and/or N₂-fixation. We did observe evidence of the response of one symbiont (stimulation of N₂-fixation following glyphosate) being dependent on co-inoculation with the other; however, this interactive response appeared to be contextually dependent as it was not consistent between experiments. Future research needs to consider the role of environmental factors and other biota when evaluating rhizobial responses to herbicide applications.  相似文献   

Evaluation of carbon dioxide laser and conventional incisional techniques for resection of soft palates in brachycephalic dogs     

Davidson EB  Davis MS  Campbell GA  Williamson KK  Payton ME  Healey TS  Bartels KE 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2001,219(6):776-781

OBJECTIVE: To compare clinical outcome, healing, and effect of tracheostomy in conventional incisional and carbon dioxide (CO2) laser techniques for resection of soft palates in brachycephalic dogs. DESIGN: Prospective randomized trial. ANIMALS: 20 adult brachycephalic dogs. METHODS: Dogs were randomly allocated into 4 groups, and 1 of the following was performed: palate resection by use of a CO2 laser; incisional palate resection and closure with suture; and palate resection by use of a C02 laser or incision with tracheostomy. A clinical score for respiratory function was assigned to each dog at 0, 2, 8, 16, and 24 hours. Biopsy specimens of incision sites obtained at days 0, 3, 7, and 14 were examined. Data were analyzed to determine the effects of technique on clinical and histologic outcome. RESULTS: Mean surgical time for laser (309 seconds) was significantly shorter than for sharp dissection (744 seconds). Surgical technique significantly affected clinical scores at 3 of the 5 postoperative time points, but differences were not clinically apparent. Tracheostomy significantly affected clinical scores at 3 of 5 postoperative time points. After tracheostomy tube removal, clinical scores were similar to those of dogs without tracheostomies. Inflammation, necrosis, and ulceration were evident in all groups at day 3; these lesions had almost resolved by day 14. Most complications were associated with tracheostomy. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Clinical outcomes appear to be similar with the laser and incisional techniques. Regarding surgical time and ease, laser resection of the soft palate appears advantageous. Tracheostomy is not warranted in dogs that have uncomplicated surgeries and recoveries.  相似文献