计算机视觉技术在农业领域的应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李朝东  崔国贤  盛畅  谢宁  李望 《农机化研究》2009,31(12)

綜述了计算机视觉技术在监测农作物生长、诊断农作物营养元素、种质资源研究、预测预报病虫草害、农产品收获和检测等方面的应用;介绍了国外对计算机视觉在农业领域中应用的研究动态;分析了我国在这方面研究存在的问题,并就计算机视觉在农业领域应用前景进行了展望.  相似文献   

Establishment of Chinese soybean Glycine max core collections with agronomic traits and SSR markers     

Lixia Wang  Yuan Guan  Rongxia Guan  Yinghui Li  Yansong Ma  Zhimin Dong  Xian Liu  Haiyan Zhang  Yueqiang Zhang  Zhangxiong Liu  Ruzhen Chang  Haiming Xu  Linhai Li  Fanyun Lin  Weijiang Luan  Zhe Yan  Xuecheng Ning  Li Zhu  Yanhua Cui  Rihua Piao  Yan Liu  Pengying Chen  Lijuan Qiu 《Euphytica》2006,151(2):215-223

It is very important to efficiently study and use genetic diversity resources in crop breeding and sustainable agriculture. In this study, different sampling methods and sample sizes were compared in order to optimize the strategies for building a rationally sized core collection of Chinese soybean (Glycine max). The diversity in the core collection captured more than 70% of that in the pre-core collection, no matter what sampling methods were used, at a sampling proportion of 1%. Core collections established with both simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker data and agronomic traits were more representative than those chosen on an independent basis. An optimal sampling method for a soybean core collection was determined, in which strategy ‘S’ (allocating accessions to clusters according to the proportion of square root of the original sample size within each ecotype) was used based on SSR and agronomic data. Curve estimation was used to estimate the allelic richness of the entire Chinese soybean germplasm and a minimum sample size for a core collection, on which a sampling proportion of about 2% was determined to be optimal for a core collection. Further analysis on the core collection with fourteen agronomic traits and allelic constitution at 60 SSR loci suggested that it highly represented the entire collections both on genetic structure and diversity distribution. This core collection would provide an effective platform in proper exploitation of soybean germplasm resources for the study of complex traits and discovering important novel traits for crop genetic development.  相似文献   

陕北农牧交错带牧草生产力分析     

孟庆香闫艳伟  常庆瑞熊广成 《中国农学通报》2007,23(9):11-14

根据陕北农牧交错带的生态环境特点以及牧草生长发育过程对水热资源的要求和利用效率,运用迈阿密模型定量估算陕北农牧交错带七县区牧草自然生产力。并与牧草现实生产力进行比较。研究表明:陕北农牧交错带牧草现实生产力仅为自然生产力的30.80%。基本掌握了该区牧草生产力状况和特点,并据此提出了相应的开发战略和实施途径。  相似文献   

模拟干旱胁迫下不同甘蓝型油菜品种发芽能力的配合力与遗传效应分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

杨春杰  程勇  邹崇顺  张学昆  郑普英  李桂英  杨畅 《作物学报》2008,34(10):1744-1749

选择7个干旱胁迫下发芽能力不同的甘蓝型油菜品种进行完全双列杂交, 将亲本及F₁代种子在10% PEG模拟干旱胁迫条件下发芽, 测定相对单株鲜重、相对茎长、相对成苗率、相对发芽率、相对发芽势和相对活力指数, 用Griffing I方法对发芽性状进行一般配合力(GCA)和特殊配合力(SCA)遗传分析。结果表明, 一般配合力方差在42个组合间各性状达到了极显著水平, 特殊配合力方差在42个组合间除了相对活力指数外的各性状也达到了极显著水平。其中, 中双9号上述6性状的一般配合力效应值最高分别为0.0656、0.0708、0.1185、0.1048、0.1096和0.0861; 中双6号一般配合力效应虽然不高, 但其组合中双6号×西农长角和中双6号×中双10号的特殊配合力效应较高, 是耐旱性较强的组合。  相似文献   

棉花RGAP、DGAP和DDRT标记的定位研究     

杨昶  高玉龙  胡重怡  周兆华  郭旺珍  张天真 《棉花学报》2009,21(2):133-137

 根据本实验室已克隆的RGAs和DGAs,设计48条RGAs和4条DGAs特异引物,以“海7124×TM-1”组合的BC₁群体为材料把5个RGAP和2个DGAP标记定位到棉花的染色体上;以一个高抗黄萎病陆地棉品系5026为材料,在接种黄萎病菌后不同时期提取根部RNA,用mRNA差异显示（DDRT-PCR）技术,获得164个差异片段,根据这些片段设计34对DDRT引物。用已构建好的“海7124×军棉1号”组合的F₂群体,将3个RGAP和5个DDRT定位到了相应的染色体上。用Joinmap3.0软件把两张连锁图谱整合为一张图谱,并将这些标记与抗黄萎病QTLs进行连锁分析。  相似文献   

小麦抗白粉病基因来源及抗性评价的研究进展   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

詹海仙  畅志坚  杨足君  张晓军  李欣 《中国农学通报》2010,26(10):42-46

小麦白粉病是小麦生产的主要病害之一,应用抗病品种是防治该病十分经济、有效的措施。目前为止,小麦基因组中有41个位点的56个抗白粉病基因被标记和作图。本文详细叙述了小麦抗白粉病基因的来源及抗病基因利用,旨在为我国抗小麦白粉病分子育种提供参考。  相似文献   

DNA profiling and genetic diversity of Korean soybean (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Glycine max</Emphasis> (L.) Merrill) landraces by SSR markers     

Mun Sup Yoon  Jeongran Lee  Chang Yung Kim  Jung Hoon Kang  Eun Gi Cho  Hyung Jin Baek 《Euphytica》2009,165(1):69-77

Approximately 7,000 accessions of Korean soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) landraces, largely composed of three collections, the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute’s soybean (KAS), the Korean Crop Experiment Station’s soybean (KLS) and the Korean Agricultural Development and Technology Center’s soybean (KADTC) collections, have been conserved at the Rural Development Administration (RDA) genebank in Korea. The accessions within collections were classified based on their traditional uses such as sauce soybean (SA), sprouted soybean (SP), soybean for cooking with rice (SCR), and OTHERS. A total of 2,758 accessions of Korean soybean landraces were used to profile and to evaluate genetic structure using six SSR loci. A total of 110 alleles were revealed by at the six SSR loci. The number of alleles per SSR locus ranged from 9 to 39 in Satt187 and Satt_074, respectively. The number of alleles ranged from 87 in the KADTC collection to 96 in the KLS collection, and from 63 in the SCR group to 95 in the SP group. Nei’s average genetic diversity ranged from 0.68 to 0.70 across three collections, and 0.64 to 0.69 across the usage groups. The average between-group differentiation (G _st) was 0.9 among collections, and 4.1 among the usage groups. The similar average diversity among three collections implies that the genetic background of the three collections was quite similar or that there were a large number of duplicate accessions in three collections. The selection from the four groups classified based upon usage may be a useful way to select accessions for developing a Korean soybean landrace core collection at the RDA genebank. DNA profile information of accessions will provide indications of redundancies or omissions and aid in managing the soybean collection held at the RDA genebank. The information on diversity analysis could help to enlarge the genetic diversity of materials in breeding programs and could be used to develop a core collection.  相似文献   

旱作农区应变型种植制度决策系统的建立及效益   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王龙昌  王立祥  贾志宽  冯金侠 《作物学报》2003,29(4):557-561

针对宁南旱区降水资源短缺且变异性显著,造成干旱灾害频繁的气候特点,依据不同作物对干旱气候的适应性规律,借助农业系统工程原理和方法,进行应变型种植制度优化设计,组建了不同生态类型地区的应变型种植制度决策系统.在综合考虑各种干旱发生频率及其对作物产量影响程度的基础上,种植制度优化模式包括了随机型和确定型两种决  相似文献   

穗肥施用时期对水稻籽粒中胚乳蛋白积累的影响   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

丁艳锋  赵长华  王强盛  王绍华  黄丕生 《作物学报》2003,29(4):606-609

以武香粳9号为材料研究了不同穗肥施氮时期对水稻籽粒蛋白质积累的影响.结果表明:穗肥的施用提高了籽粒发育过程中单位干重蛋白质含量,以在倒0.5叶施用氮素穗肥影响最大;随施肥时期的延迟,稻米粗蛋白和谷蛋白含量逐步上升,醇溶蛋白含量逐渐降低;倒2.5叶施氮减少了强、弱势粒中蛋白组分的分布和含量,倒0.5叶施氮与此相反;胚乳  相似文献   

基于XGBoost算法的多云多雾地区多源遥感作物识别     

张超  陈畅  徐海清  薛琳 《农业机械学报》2022,53(4):149-156

快速、准确地获取作物种植面积信息是长势监测、产量估算、病虫害监测和预警的基础。针对我国江南区域多云雾的特点,以Sentinel-1/2为数据源,综合采用光学遥感影像和合成孔径雷达(Synthetic aperture radar, SAR)影像等多源数据,针对研究区作物早春覆膜的特点,构建地膜植被指数(SAR plastic-film vegetation index, SPVI);利用时序光谱和植被指数特征,研究基于XGBoost算法的作物识别方法。以安徽省宣城市宣州区为研究区,开展实例验证研究。在作物生育期内,云雾影响较大,光学遥感覆盖稀疏区域以Sentinel-2影像为主,获取时序指数数据集,增加4期Sentinel-1雷达影像,用以补充云雾时期(5—7月)光学影像的缺失。以本文设计的方法,得到作物识别总体精度为84.87%,优于随机森林的83.93%,主要作物烟草制图精度88.69%,用户精度95.51%。仅使用生育期Sentinel-2影像的作物识别总体精度79.01%,主要作物烟草制图精度82.30%,用户精度93.49%。研究结果表明,本文构建的基于XGBoost算法多源...  相似文献