Vegetation recovery monitoring and assessment at landslides caused by earthquake in Central Taiwan   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Wen-Tzu Lin  Wen-Chieh Chou  Chao-Yuan Lin  Pi-Hui Huang  Jing-Shyan Tsai 《Forest Ecology and Management》2005,210(1-3):55-66

Massive landslides, caused by the catastrophic Chi-Chi earthquake in 1999, occurred at the Jou-Jou Mountain area in the Wu-Chi basin, Taiwan. Multi-temporal satellite images and digital elevation models coupled with GIS were used to process the vegetation index analysis for identifying landslide sites and calculating the vegetation recovery rate (VRR). Topographic information for these areas was extracted. Eight hundred twenty-nine hectares of landslide area was extracted from multi-date NDVI images by combining the image differencing method with the change detection threshold. Over 2 years of monitoring and assessing, the vegetation recovery rate reached 58.93% original vegetation regeneration in the landslide areas. Soil moisture is one of the most important environmental factors for vegetation recovery in the landslide sites. The analyzed results provide very useful information for decision making and policy planning in the landslide area.  相似文献   

DECIDUOUS AND DECIDUOUS-EVERGREEN FORESTS IN NORTHEAST CHINA     

Chou Yiliang Liu JianweiNortheast Forestry University 《林业研究》1991,(1)

Two types of forests in Northeast China is divided in this paper,that is,the decidu-ous forests in the northern part and the deciduous-evergreen forests in the eastern part.Both distri-butions of the two types of forests have also been pre sented.Meanwhile,the development and suc-cession as well as components of forests have been studied in detail.in the end,the vertical distribu-tion of the deciduous forests have been shown,in which,the near-temperate cold temperate decidu-ous coniferous forests are distributing in the low elevation area between 450m—600m from the northto the south,the typical siberian cold temperate deciduous coniferous forests are widely distributingfrom 450m—820m in the north to 600m—1050m in the south, the humid cold temperate deciduousconiferous forests can only be found in high elevation area from 820m—1100m in the north to1050m—1380m in the south,the cold temperate deciduous coniferous open forests can seldom ap-pear at the top of a few peaks.  相似文献   

Deciduous and deciduous—evergreen forests in Northeast China     

Chou Yiliang  Liu Jianwei 《林业研究》1991,2(1):9-16

Two types of forests in Northeast China is divided in this paper, that is, the deciduous forests in the northern part and the deciduous—evergreen forests in the eastern part. Both distributions of the two types of forests have also been presented. Meanwhile, the development and succession as well as components of forests have been studied in detail. In the end, the vertical distribution of the deciduous forests have been shown, in which, the near—temperate cold temperate deciduous coniferous forests are distributing in the low elevation area between 450m—600m from the north to the south, the typical Siberian cold temperate deciduous coniferous forests are widely distributing from 450m–820m in the north to 600m-1050m in the south, the humid cold temperate deciduous coniferous forests can only be found in high elevation area from 820m–1100m in the north to 1050m–1380m in the south, the cold temperate deciduous coniferous open forests can seldom appear at the top of a few peaks.  相似文献   

Enzymatic production of galactooligosaccharides by beta-galactosidase from Bifidobacterium longum BCRC 15708     

Hsu CA  Lee SL  Chou CC 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(6):2225-2230

The production of galactooligosaccharides (GOSs) by transgalactosylation using beta-galactosidase from Bifidobacterium longum BCRC 15708 was studied. Other than lactose, galactose, and glucose, two types of GOSs, tri- and tetrasaccharides, were formed after beta-galactosidase action on 40% lactose. Trisaccharides were the major type of GOS formed. Generally, an increase of the initial lactose concentration in the reaction mixture resulted in a higher GOS production. A maximum yield of 32.5% (w/w) GOSs could be achieved from 40% lactose solution at 45 degrees C, pH 6.8, when the lactose conversion was 59.4%. The corresponding productivity of GOSs was 13.0 g/(L.h). Transgalactosylation activity of beta-galactosidase from a test organism showed a relatively lower sensitivity toward glucose and galactose than that from other organisms. The addition of 5% or 10% glucose or galactose to the reaction mixture did not significantly (p>0.05) reduce the transgalactosylation reaction of beta-galactosidase.  相似文献   

Changes in the contents of sugars and organic acids during the ripening and storage of sufu, a traditional Oriental fermented product of soybean cubes     

Moy YS  Chou CC 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2010,58(24):12790-12793

In the present study, sufu, an oriental fermented product of soybeans, was prepared by ripening the tofu cubes in Aspergillus oryzae fermented rice-soybean koji mash for 16 days at 37 °C. The sufu product was further kept at room temperature for another 30 days. Examining the changes in the sugar content revealed that stachyose, raffinose, and sucrose contents of tofu and rice-soybean koji granules decreased while levels of glucose and fructose increased during the ripening period and after storage. Glucose was the most abundant sugar detected. Four organic acids, including oxalic, lactic, acetic, and citric acid, were detected in the sufu product and koji granules after ripening. Generally, the contents of these organic acid increased as the ripening period was extended. Among them, acetic acid was the most highly detected.  相似文献   

C-phycocyanin, a very potent and novel platelet aggregation inhibitor from Spirulina platensis     

Hsiao G  Chou PH  Shen MY  Chou DS  Lin CH  Sheu JR 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(20):7734-7740

The aim of this study was to systematically examine the inhibitory mechanisms of C-phycocyanin (C-PC), one of the major phycobiliproteins of Spirulina platensis (a blue-green alga), in platelet activation. In this study, C-PC concentration-dependently (0.5-10 nM) inhibited platelet aggregation stimulated by agonists. C-PC (4 and 8 nM) inhibited intracellular Ca2+ mobilization and thromboxane A2 formation but not phosphoinositide breakdown stimulated by collagen (1 microg/mL) in human platelets. In addition, C-PC (4 and 8 nM) markedly increased levels of cyclic GMP and cyclic GMP-induced vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) Ser(157) phosphorylation. Rapid phosphorylation of a platelet protein of Mw 47,000 (P47), a marker of protein kinase C activation, was triggered by phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (150 nM). This phosphorylation was markedly inhibited by C-PC (4 and 8 nM). In addition, C-PC (4 and 8 nM) markedly reduced the electron spin resonance (ESR) signal intensity of hydroxyl radicals in collagen (1 microg/mL)-activated platelets. The present study reports on a novel and very potent (in nanomolar concentrations) antiplatelet agent, C-PC, which is involved in the following inhibitory pathways: (1) C-phycocyanin increases cyclic GMP/VASP Ser157 phosphorylation and subsequently inhibits protein kinase C activity, resulting in inhibition of both P47 phosphorylation and intracellular Ca2+ mobilization, and (2) C-PC may inhibit free radicals (such as hydroxyl radicals) released from activated platelets, which ultimately inhibits platelet aggregation. These results strongly indicate that C-PC appears to represent a novel and potential antiplatelet agent for treatment of arterial thromboembolism.  相似文献   

Monte Carlo simulation of animal-product violations incurred by air passengers at an international airport in Taiwan     

Shih TH  Chou CC  Morley RS 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2005,68(2-4):115-122

Our aim was to evaluate the inspection of arriving passengers for the illegal transport of animal products through the international airport into Taiwan. Passenger-violation data were retrieved from the Bureau of Animal and Plant Health Inspection and Quarantine (BAPHIQ) in Taiwan. Monte Carlo simulations with 5000 iterations were applied to estimate the predicted violation numbers considering factors such as passenger's nationality/ethnicity, sex, and monthly statistics of violations. The results showed that Chinese-related passengers and passengers from South East Asian countries have a relatively higher potential risk for incurring violations during the period from Christmas to Chinese Lunar New Year. Most monthly estimated violation risks are significantly higher than observed violation risks in 2001 and 2002, except April, July, and August. Due to the low sensitivity of the current detection system (reflected by the higher estimated violation risks and a two-fold detection increase after the implementation of an inspection service using detector dogs), we recommend additional preventive measures be taken.  相似文献   

Acceleration of post‐mortem changes in Tsaiya duck (Anas platyrhynchos) breast muscle by lactic acid marination     

Rong‐Ghi R. Chou  Tsai‐Fuh Tseng  Ming‐Tsao Chen 《British poultry science》1997,38(1):78-83

1. The effect of lactic acid marination at 5°C on post mortem changes in breast muscle pectoralis major of spent layer Tsaiya duck was studied.

2. Myofibrils were prepared from 0.1 M and 0.2 M lactic acid marinated muscle and control (non‐marinated samples) sampled at 0, 1, 3, 7 and 14 d post mortem.

3. Changes in myofibril fragmentation index (MFI), myofibrillar proteins and Z‐line structure were examined.

4. Marination of duck breast muscle in lactic acid at 5°C enhanced fragmentation of myofibrils and degradation of myofibrillar proteins and Z‐line structure as compared to control samples.

5. In summary, lactic acid marination at 5°C can accelerate the post mortem degradation of myofibrils in Tsaiya duck breast muscle.  相似文献   

Sum rules and interlayer conductivity of high-Tc cuprates     

DN Basov  SI Woods  AS Katz  EJ Singley  RC Dynes  M Xu  DG Hinks  CC Homes  M Strongin 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1999,283(5398):49-52

Analysis of the interlayer infrared conductivity of cuprate high-transition temperature superconductors reveals an anomalously large energy scale extending up to midinfrared frequencies that can be attributed to formation of the superconducting condensate. This unusual effect is observed in a va- riety of materials, including Tl2Ba2CuO6+x, La2-xSrxCuO4, and YBa2Cu3O6.6, which show an incoherent interlayer response in the normal state. Midinfrared range condensation was examined in the context of sum rules that can be formulated for the complex conductivity. One possible interpretation of these experiments is in terms of a kinetic energy change associated with the superconducting transition.  相似文献   

不同水体环境中氨氮对细鳞裂腹鱼的急性毒性     

王志飞  邓育林  徐祎然  左鹏翔  冷云  王畴 《贵州农业科学》2020,48(1):81-84

为对细鳞裂腹鱼幼鱼不同水体的人工饲养提供理论依据,利用金沙江水体(水温16.5℃,pH8.20)设置NH4Cl浓度50.12mg/L、56.23mg/L、63.10mg/L、70.79mg/L、79.43mg/L、89.13mg/L、100.00mg/L 7个等对数间距梯度浓度;自来水体(水温14.3℃,pH 8.05)设置NH4Cl浓度112.20mg/L、125.89mg/L、141.25mg/L、158.49mg/L、177.83mg/L、199.53mg/L 6个等对数间距梯度浓度对细鳞裂腹鱼幼鱼进行急性毒性试验。结果表明:金沙江水体中氨氮对细鳞裂腹鱼幼鱼的半致死浓度为81.92mg/L,安全浓度为8.19mg/L;非离子氨的半致死浓度为2.20mg/L,安全浓度为0.22mg/L。自来水体中氨氮对细鳞裂腹鱼幼鱼的半致死浓度为119.15 mg/L,安全浓度为11.91 mg/L;非离子氨半致死浓度为1.89mg/L,安全浓度为0.189mg/L。氨氮对细鳞裂腹鱼幼鱼的毒性效应与浓度呈正相关,与作用时间无相关性,细鳞裂腹鱼幼鱼对氨氮具有较强的耐受性。  相似文献