Probable walnut‐induced anaphylactic reaction in a dog          下载免费PDF全文

Ana Rostaher  Nina Maria Fischer  Claudia Kümmerle‐Fraune  Nicolas Couturier  Sandrine Jacquenet  Claude Favrot 《Veterinary dermatology》2017,28(2):251-e66

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Laparoscopic evaluation of the small intestine in the standing horse: Technique and effects*          下载免费PDF全文

Andrew R. E. Jones BVetMed MRCVS  Claude A. Ragle DVM  DACVS  DABVP  Dusty Anderson BS  Coryelle Scott BS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2017,46(6):812-820

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A statistical model to detect asymptomatic infectious individuals with an application in the Phytophthora alni-induced alder decline     

Elegbede CF  Pierrat JC  Aguayo J  Husson C  Halkett F  Marçais B 《Phytopathology》2010,100(11):1262-1269

In some diseases-in particular, tree root infection-stages of infection and inoculum production level and timing are not readily observable because of uncertainty or time lags in symptom appearance. Here, we pose a criterion, based on relative hazard of disease symptoms, to discriminate between healthy and asymptomatic infected individuals. We design a statistical procedure to estimate the criterion for a 6-year survey of alder decline along a northeastern French river. Individual tree symptom hazard was modeled with Cox's regression model, taking estimation of local infection pressure as a risk factor. From an inoculum production experiment, we thereafter assessed the inoculum production level of target trees, including symptomatic and asymptomatic trees ranked according to their symptoms hazard. Using receiver operating characteristic methods, we first evaluated the criterion performance and determined the discrimination threshold to sort out asymptomatic individuals into healthy and infected. Then, we highlighted the fact that the infected asymptomatic trees were among the major inoculum producers whereas severely declining and dead trees were found to be poor inoculum sources.  相似文献   

A prospective study on the clinical features of chronic canine atopic dermatitis and its diagnosis     

Claude Favrot  Jean Steffan†  Wolfgang Seewald†  & Federicca Picco 《Veterinary dermatology》2010,21(1):23-31

Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is a multifaceted disease associated with exposure to various offending agents such as environmental and food allergens. The diagnosis of this condition is difficult because none of the typical signs are pathognomonic. Sets of criteria have been proposed but are mainly used to include dogs in clinical studies. The goals of the present study were to characterize the clinical features and signs of a large population of dogs with CAD, to identify which of these characteristics could be different in food-induced atopic dermatitis (FIAD) and non–food-induced atopic dermatitis (NFIAD) and to develop criteria for the diagnosis of this condition. Using simulated annealing, selected criteria were tested on a large and geographically widespread population of pruritic dogs. The study first described the signalment, history and clinical features of a large population of CAD dogs, compared FIAD and NFIAD dogs and confirmed that both conditions are clinically indistinguishable. Correlations of numerous clinical features with the diagnosis of CAD are subsequently calculated, and two sets of criteria associated with sensitivity and specificity ranging from 80% to 85% and from 79% to 85%, respectively, are proposed. It is finally demonstrated that these new sets of criteria provide better sensitivity and specificity, when compared to Willemse and Prélaud criteria. These criteria can be applied to both FIAD and NFIAD dogs.  相似文献   

Development of a questionnaire to assess the impact of atopic dermatitis on health-related quality of life of affected dogs and their owners     

Claude Favrot  Monika Linek  Ralf Mueller  Eric Zini  for the International Task Force on Canine Atopic Dermatitis 《Veterinary dermatology》2010,21(1):64-70

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic or chronically relapsing human and canine skin disease that is known to affect the quality of life (QoL) of affected individuals. Several studies have been conducted to develop disease-specific questionnaires and assess QoL in parents of children with AD and in the children themselves. The severity of canine AD is however currently evaluated using only clinical and pruritus scores. Measurement of the QoL of affected dogs and their owners could therefore provide a new tool for assessing disease severity and treatment efficacy. Ninety-eight owners of AD-affected dogs were asked to complete two questionnaires aiming to evaluate the QoL of affected dogs and their owners on one hand and the relationship between them and their dog on the other hand. Statistical analyses were carried out in order to assess the validity of the questionnaires and to select relevant questions for future studies. These analyses resulted in the selection of 13 questions that could be used in further studies aiming at determining the QoL of affected animals and their owners.  相似文献   

Intra- and interlaboratory variability of allergen-specific IgE levels in atopic dogs in three different laboratories using the Fc-ɛ receptor testing     

Nina Thom  Claude Favrot  Klaus Failing  Ralf S. Mueller  Reto Neiger  Monika Linek 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2010,133(2-4):183-189

The IgE specific Fc-? receptor test is widely used for serological evaluation of allergic canine patients. Aim of the study was to evaluate intra- and interlaboratory variability in three independent laboratories. Duplicate serum aliquots from 15 atopic dogs were submitted simultaneously to 3 laboratories (LA, LB, LC), which subsequently performed the test in a blinded fashion. LA and LC analysed sera for 35 allergens and expressed the results as optical density units (OD), while LB analysed 15 allergens and provided reaction grades (RG). Results were compared with three factorial ANOVA. Intralaboratory variability was evaluated by calculating the dispersion factor for data of LA and LC and standard deviation (SD) for LB. Correlation coefficients (r) were used to evaluate interlaboratory variability. Depending on the allergens, intralaboratory dispersion factor for LA and LC varied from 1.15 to 6.63 and 1.19 to 6.17, respectively. In LB the SD varied between 0 and 0.6 RG. Regarding interlaboratory variability, correlation of OD values between LA and LC was excellent (r > 0.8, p < 0.001) for 13 of 35 allergens. There was a significant difference in OD results for 9 allergens. The results were significantly correlated (r > 0.8, p < 0.001) for all except 3 allergens (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, mixed grasses, nettle). As far as negative/positive results were concerned, intralaboratory differences were 3.14% and interlaboratory differences were 4.76%.  相似文献   

Slow responses of understory plants of maple-dominated forests to white-tailed deer experimental exclusion     

Amélie Collard  Line Lapointe  Jean-Pierre Ouellet  Michel Crête  Alain Lussier  Claude Daigle  Steeve D. Côté 《Forest Ecology and Management》2010

We examined the response of understory plants in mature maple-dominated forests of southern Québec, Canada, following about 30 years of high deer densities, using a deer exclosure experiment. An exclosure and a paired control of 625 m² each were established on six sites in 1998. An exclosure and a paired control of 16 m² were added at each of the same sites in 2003 but under a recent canopy gap to determine if light could enhance plant responses. We measured plant richness and abundance, and aboveground biomass of different plant groups for 8 years in the understory plots and for 3 years in the canopy gaps. Four herbaceous species were also monitored individually in the same plots. No significant differences between treatments were found in plots under forest cover, except for lateral obstruction at 0–50 cm height which was higher in the exclosures. Under canopy gaps, however, tree seedling and total plant abundance were higher in deer exclosures than in control plots. Trillium erectum recovered partially as individuals were taller, had larger leaves and more frequently produced a flower or a fruit in the absence of deer browsing under forest cover. To a lesser extent, Erythronium americanum and Maianthemum canadense also exhibited signs of recovery but were still at the single-leaf stage after 8 years of recovery. In general, the different plant groups exhibited little recovery following deer exclusion, possibly because of the low light levels that prevailed in the understory of undisturbed maple-dominated forests. The higher latitude of the present study could also contribute to the slow recovery rates of the different groups of plants compared to studies conducted in northeastern USA. Variability among sites and years had an effect on detection of statistically significant differences. Trends are however appearing over time, suggesting that many understory plants are recovering very slowly following deer exclusion. Our results emphasize the importance of studying large herbivore–forest interactions on different groups of plants, but also on specific species, and under different latitudes to be fully understood.  相似文献   

Comparative efficiency and accuracy of variable area transects versus square plots for sampling tree diversity and density     

Cheryl D. Nath  Raphaël Pélissier  Claude Garcia 《Agroforestry Systems》2010,79(2):223-236

Agroforestry systems have been recognized as areas with high conservation potential, and there is a need to quickly assess the biodiversity and tree stocking density available in these systems. However, it is not clear if the commonly used fixed area plot is most efficient for sampling such landscapes, or if a different method could provide equivalent data with less effort. Thus, a field and simulation-based study was carried out to compare the efficiency and accuracy of a variable area transect versus the fixed area square plot. Field efficiency tests were carried out in three habitat types, robusta coffee plantations, arabica coffee plantations and a privately owned forest fragment, in Kodagu, southern India. A simulation study of bias, precision and accuracy of the two methods for tree density estimation also was carried out using various spatial distribution patterns and densities. The variable area transect was significantly more efficient per unit effort in the field than the fixed area square plot. In the simulation tests both methods performed equally well under random spatial distribution. However, under simulated aggregated distribution both methods were positively biased (square plot up to 12% at low density, variable area transect 9–12% at all densities), and under simulated regular distribution the variable area transect was slightly negatively biased (−5 to −7% at medium to high density). The variable area transect thus can be recommended over the square plot for rapid assessment of tree diversity and density, when the vegetation is expected to be randomly dispersed.  相似文献   

Observations sur la participation du cycle des pentoses phosphates au catabolisme glucidique de certains fruits     

Claude Hartmann 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1969,19(1-3):67-77

The following question arises: Do the glycolysis and the pentose phosphate cycle operate in the fruit during its maturity? The different results obtained yet with the banana and particularly with the apple and the pear suggest that the pentose phosphate cycle may operate in the preclimacteric fruit and then, decreases with a shift toward the glycolysis. Experiences were conducted with banana and with a non climacteric fruit: the cherry. It seems that cherry does not exhibit such a shift. It may be a difference between climacteric fruits and non climacteric ones.  相似文献   

Physico‐chemical characterization of humic‐metal‐phosphate complexes and their potential application to the manufacture of new types of phosphate‐based fertilizers          下载免费PDF全文

Oscar Urrutia  Javier Erro  Inaki Guardado  Sara San Francisco  Marcos Mandado  Roberto Baigorri  Jean Claude Yvin  José Ma Garcia‐Mina 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2014,177(2):128-136

The aim of this review is to describe the main physicochemical characteristics of diverse types of humic‐metal‐phosphate acid complexes. The effects of these complexes on phosphorus (P) fixation in soils with different pH values and physicochemical features and on plant phosphorus uptake are also discussed. Humic‐metal‐phosphate complexes have apparent stability constants in the same range as those of metal‐humic complexes, in solutions with diverse pH and ionic‐strength values. Likewise, the molecular‐size distribution of humic‐metal‐phosphate complexes as a function of pH is similar to that of potassium or sodium humates and metal‐humic complexes. Humic‐metal‐phosphate complexes are able to decrease phosphate fixation in soils and increase plant growth and phosphate uptake. Phosphorus fertilizers containing humic‐metal‐phosphate complexes proved to be efficient to improve plant growth and P uptake with respect to conventional fertilizers such as single superphosphate. The values of parameters related to plant phosphorus‐utilization efficiency (PUt E) suggest that the regulation of root acquisition of phosphate from these complexes could involve the interregulation of a system for the optimization of metabolic P utilization in the shoot and another system involving stress responses of roots under phosphorus deficiency.  相似文献