Tracking antibiotics up the food chain     

Byrd DM  Cox LA  Wilson JD 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2001,291(5513):2550

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How to police pollution     

Cox WS 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1966,153(3739):936

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Predicting the evolution of human influenza A     

Bush RM  Bender CA  Subbarao K  Cox NJ  Fitch WM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1999,286(5446):1921-1925

Eighteen codons in the HA1 domain of the hemagglutinin genes of human influenza A subtype H3 appear to be under positive selection to change the amino acid they encode. Retrospective tests show that viral lineages undergoing the greatest number of mutations in the positively selected codons were the progenitors of future H3 lineages in 9 of 11 recent influenza seasons. Codons under positive selection were associated with antibody combining site A or B or the sialic acid receptor binding site. However, not all codons in these sites had predictive value. Monitoring new H3 isolates for additional changes in positively selected codons might help identify the most fit extant viral strains that arise during antigenic drift.  相似文献   

CRYSTALLIZED VITAMIN C AND HEXURONIC ACID     

Cox GJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1937,86(2241):540-542

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Human chromosome 7: DNA sequence and biology     

Scherer SW  Cheung J  MacDonald JR  Osborne LR  Nakabayashi K  Herbrick JA  Carson AR  Parker-Katiraee L  Skaug J  Khaja R  Zhang J  Hudek AK  Li M  Haddad M  Duggan GE  Fernandez BA  Kanematsu E  Gentles S  Christopoulos CC  Choufani S  Kwasnicka D  Zheng XH  Lai Z  Nusskern D  Zhang Q  Gu Z  Lu F  Zeesman S  Nowaczyk MJ  Teshima I  Chitayat D  Shuman C  Weksberg R  Zackai EH  Grebe TA  Cox SR  Kirkpatrick SJ  Rahman N  Friedman JM  Heng HH  Pelicci PG  Lo-Coco F  Belloni E  Shaffer LG  Pober B  Morton CC  Gusella JF  Bruns GA  Korf BR 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,300(5620):767-772

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Soil Test,Aerial Image and Yield Data as Inputs for Site-specific Fertility and Hybrid Management Under Maize     

Antoni Magri  Harold M. Van Es  Michael A. Glos  William J. Cox 《Precision Agriculture》2005,6(1):87-110

Several potential sources of information exist to support precision management of crop inputs. This study evaluated soil test data, bare-soil remote sensing imagery and yield monitor information for their potential contributions to precision management of maize (Zea mays L.). Data were collected from five farmer-managed fields in Central New York in 1999, 2000, and 2001. Geostatistical techniques were used to analyze the spatial structure of soil fertility (pH, P, K, NO₃ and organic matter content) and yield variables (yield, hybrid response and N fertilization response), while remote sensing imagery was processed using principal component analysis. Geographic information system (GIS) spatial data processing and correlation analyses were used to evaluate relationships in the data. Organic matter content, pH, P, and K were highly consistent over time and showed high to moderate levels of spatial autocorrelation, suggesting that grid soil sampling at 2.5–5.5ha scale may be used as a basis for defining fertility management zones. Soil nitrate levels were strongly influenced by seasonal weather conditions and showed low potential for site-specific N management. Aerial image data were correlated to soil organic matter content and in some cases to yield, mainly through the effect of drainage patterns. Aerial image data were not well correlated with soil fertility indicators, and therefore were not useful for defining fertility management zones. Yield response to hybrid selection and nitrogen fertilization rates were highly variable among years, and showed little justification for site-specific management. In conclusion, we recommend grid-based management of lime, P, and K, but no justification existed within our limited study area for site-specific N or hybrid management.  相似文献   

A molecular Einstein ring: imaging a starburst disk surrounding a quasi-stellar object     

Carilli CL  Lewis GF  Djorgovski SG  Mahabal A  Cox P  Bertoldi F  Omont A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,300(5620):773-775

Images of the molecular CO 2-1 line emission and the radio continuum emission from the redshift 4.12 gravitationally lensed quasi-stellar object (QSO) PSS J2322+1944 reveal an Einstein ring with a diameter of 1.5". These observations are modeled as a star-forming disk surrounding the QSO nucleus with a radius of 2 kiloparsecs. The implied massive star formation rate is 900 solar masses per year. At this rate, a substantial fraction of the stars in a large elliptical galaxy could form on a dynamical time scale of 108 years. The observation of active star formation in the host galaxy of a high-redshift QSO supports the hypothesis of coeval formation of supermassive black holes and stars in spheroidal galaxies.  相似文献   

A high-resolution radiation hybrid map of the human genome draft sequence     

Olivier M  Aggarwal A  Allen J  Almendras AA  Bajorek ES  Beasley EM  Brady SD  Bushard JM  Bustos VI  Chu A  Chung TR  De Witte A  Denys ME  Dominguez R  Fang NY  Foster BD  Freudenberg RW  Hadley D  Hamilton LR  Jeffrey TJ  Kelly L  Lazzeroni L  Levy MR  Lewis SC  Liu X  Lopez FJ  Louie B  Marquis JP  Martinez RA  Matsuura MK  Misherghi NS  Norton JA  Olshen A  Perkins SM  Perou AJ  Piercy C  Piercy M  Qin F  Reif T  Sheppard K  Shokoohi V  Smick GA  Sun WL  Stewart EA  Fernando J  Tejeda  Tran NM  Trejo T  Vo NT  Yan SC  Zierten DL  Zhao S 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2001,291(5507):1298-1302

We have constructed a physical map of the human genome by using a panel of 90 whole-genome radiation hybrids (the TNG panel) in conjunction with 40,322 sequence-tagged sites (STSs) derived from random genomic sequences as well as expressed sequences. Of 36,678 STSs on the TNG radiation hybrid map, only 3604 (9.8%) were absent from the unassembled draft sequence of the human genome. Of 20,030 STSs ordered on the TNG map as well as the assembled human genome draft sequence and the Celera assembled human genome sequence, 36% of the STSs had a discrepant order between the working draft sequence and the Celera sequence. The TNG map order was identical to one of the two sequence orders in 60% of these discrepant cases.  相似文献   

Comparison of Point Intercept and Image Analysis for Monitoring Rangeland Transects     

J. Cagney  S.E. Cox  D.T. Booth 《Strength and Conditioning Journal》2011,64(3):309-315

There is global recognition that sustainable land use requires monitoring that will detect change on a scale that protects the resource. That fundamental necessity is threatened where labor-intensive methods and high labor costs cause sampling deficiencies and increased Type-II error rates (false negatives). Ground-based imaging is a monitoring method that reduces monitoring labor costs. Nadir (vertical) images acquired with common digital cameras can be manually analyzed for cover using free software. We used an innovative field protocol to acquire standardized, freehand, nadir images (samples) of rangeland, then compared point intercept (PI) and image-analysis techniques. Between methods, precision (repeatability) across users was equivalent; cover measurements were often different, and the image-analysis technique took only a third as long to complete. Image analysis has several advantages over PI besides the reduced labor cost: Images are permanent resource records available for reanalysis if data are questioned, if software improves, or if management objectives change; and image analysis is less biased by moving vegetation, moving pointing devices, and bright vegetation color.  相似文献   

Determination of 17beta-hydroxy-7alpha,17-dimethylestr-4-en-3-one (mibolerone) in canned dog food by high-performance liquid chromatography     

L F Krzeminski  B L Cox  G H Dunn 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》1978,26(4):891-893

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