Clinical trials in spontaneous disease in dogs: a new paradigm for investigations of sepsis     

Cynthia M. Otto  DVM  PhD  DACVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2007,17(4):359-367

Objective: To provide evidence that naturally occurring sepsis in dogs provides a unique opportunity to test new therapies in clinically relevant settings. Data sources: Human and veterinary literature. Human data synthesis: Sepsis is a devastating condition responsible for most intensive care unit deaths. Most clinical trials targeting inflammatory mediators of sepsis have failed to improve outcome in clinical patients despite promising results in laboratory animal models. Animal models of sepsis fail to reproduce the clinical syndrome and therefore lead to conclusions that may not be relevant to clinical care. Veterinary data synthesis: Sepsis is recognized but not well‐characterized in companion animal species. Despite some species variability, the cardiopulmonary response to sepsis in dogs is similar to humans. Additionally, inflammatory and coagulation changes that accompany canine sepsis are consistent with those documented in humans. Sepsis secondary to canine parvoviral infection offers the advantages of relative population homogeneity, predictable course, and easy early diagnosis. The disadvantages of canine parvovirus are that it affects a predominantly young and healthy population and results in low mortality with aggressive supportive care. Septic peritonitis and pneumonia have high mortality but can be challenging to diagnose, have a variable course, and affect a heterogeneous population, which can be an advantage or a disadvantage. Conclusions: Similar to trials currently being performed in canine cancer patients, veterinary clinical trials of new sepsis therapeutics may provide a unique opportunity to advance the treatment of sepsis in dogs, humans, and other species. Spontaneous sepsis from canine parvovirus, peritonitis, and pneumonia are common clinical conditions in which therapeutics can be tested.  相似文献   

Sepsis in veterinary patients: what do we know and where can we go?     

Cynthia M. Otto  DVM  PhD  DACVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2007,17(4):329-332

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HEPATIC ABSCESSES IN 13 DOGS: A REVIEW OF THE ULTRASONOGRAPHIC FINDINGS, CLINICAL DATA AND THERAPEUTIC OPTIONS     

Leslie A.  Schwarz  DVM  Dominique G.  Penninck  DVM  Cynthia  Leveille-Webster  DVM 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1998,39(4):357-365

Historical, physical examination, clinicopathologic, radiographic and ultrasonographic findings of 13 dogs with hepatic abscesses were reviewed. Liver abscessation was characterized by number, size, shape, echogenicity and location. Solitary lesions greater than 3 cm were more common than multiple ones. The abscesses were mainly poorly echogenic lesions, often with central cavitation. The shape of the lesion ranged from round to oval or irregular. Enhancement artifact, abdominal effusion, regional lymphadenopathy and hyperechoic perihepatic fat, were identified in several dogs. Ultrasound-guided aspiration was performed in 10 of 13 dogs, and confirmed abscessation with cytologic and microbiologic evaluation. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous drainage of abscesses was performed as an adjunct to medical management in four dogs.  相似文献   

Testing Basic Ecological, Evolutionary, and Biogeographical Principles Using Invasive Species     

Cynthia D. Huebner 《Landscape Ecology》2007,22(1):159-161

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The role of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and the sphingosine pathway in sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction     

Merilee F. Costello  DVM  DACVECC    Cynthia M. Otto  DVM  PhD  DACVECC    Leona J. Rubin  PhD 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2003,13(1):25-34

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Long-term ecology of native pinewood communities in East Glen Affric, Scotland   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Froyd  Cynthia A.; Bennett  Keith D. 《Forestry》2006,79(3):279-291

Fossil pollen, stomata and charcoal were examined from a lakesedimentary sequence in the Glen Affric National Nature Reserve,one of the largest areas of remnant native pine woodland inScotland, in order to assess ecosystem dynamics over the last11 000 years. Results reveal that pinewood communities havebeen continuously present in East Glen Affric for the last 8300years. Pinus sylvestris first arrived in the area around 9900cal. BP, but occurred in only low abundance for the subsequent1600 years. Pine populations expanded around 8300 cal. BP andremained in relatively constant abundance throughout the remainderof the Holocene. There is no evidence of a hypothesized regionalmid-Holocene ‘pine decline’ at the site. Charcoalresults reveal that pinewood communities in East Glen Affricdo not appear to have been dependent on fire for either theirestablishment or their maintenance as has previously been suggested.  相似文献   

Mechanical site preparation effects on understory plant diversity in the Piedmont of the southern USA     

Cynthia G. Locasio  B. G. Lockaby  Jon P. Caulfield  M. Boyd Edwards  M. Keith Causey 《New Forests》1990,4(4):261-269

Diversity of understory vegetation was compared among four intensities of site preparation and an adjacent 50-year-old pine-hardwood forest. The study site was a six-year-old loblolly pine (Pines taeda) plantation in the lower Piedmont of Georgia. Species richness and Shannon diversity indices were used to evaluate vine and woody (trees and shrubs) species diversity. Biomass distribution was compared among four plant categories: vines, forbs, grasses, and woody. Moderate intensity treatments (chainsaw and shear and chop) consistently ranked highest overall in diversity, with the mature pine-hardwood forest ranking lowest. Distribution of the four plant categories was not significantly affected by intensity of site preparation.Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station Series No. 9-892325P.  相似文献   

Use of enoxaparin in dogs with primary immune‐mediated hemolytic anemia: 21 cases          下载免费PDF全文

Cynthia M. Panek DVM  Reid K. Nakamura DVM  DACVECC  Domenico Bianco DVM  PhD  DACVIM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2015,25(2):273-277

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Anti-Müllerian Hormone as a Diagnostic Marker for Equine Cryptorchidism in Three Cases with Equivocal Testosterone Concentrations     

Anthony Claes  Barry A. Ball  Cynthia J. Corbin  Alan J. Conley 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2014

Cryptorchidism is a developmental disorder which can be diagnosed by a variety of different tests. Still, equine field veterinarians often rely on endocrine markers to detect retained testicular tissue. This report describes the value of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) as a diagnostic marker for cryptorchidism in three stallions suspected of cryptorchidism, with equivalent serum testosterone concentrations. A single measurement of AMH identified cryptorchidism, with inconclusive testosterone concentrations as either gelding or stallion. Furthermore, a human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) stimulation test or surgery was performed to support the diagnostic value of AMH. To conclude, the endocrine panel for cryptorchidism should be expanded to include determination of serum AMH, as this determination can increase the diagnostic accuracy of a single blood sample.  相似文献   

Statistical modelling of measurement error in wet chemistry soil data     

Cynthia C. E. van Leeuwen  Vera L. Mulder  Niels H. Batjes  Gerard B. M. Heuvelink 《European Journal of Soil Science》2022,73(1):e13137

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