棉花抗黄萎病生理与生化机制研究     

周庭辉  戴小枫 《分子植物育种》2006,4(4):593-600

本文概述了棉花抗黄萎病的特点与规律,指出棉花植株是通过自身组织结构的强化、植物抗毒素的合成以及微生物之间的互作三方面应对黄萎病菌的侵染。认为棉花植株主要通过促进木质素生成和增加积累量以强化组织结构。在棉花抗病反应中以植物抗毒素的合成为主要途径,包括萜类、酶类和激素类3类化学物质,其中酶类物质如几丁质酶已经在很多植物中被证明具有抗病作用,但是其具体作用途径仍不清楚。土壤中某些微生物也可以对黄萎病菌产生作用。重点讨论了在棉花抗黄萎病信号通路中重要分子磷酸激酶和磷酸酯酶在植株抗性防卫中起着级联调控开关的作用,在现有信号调控研究基础上其在抗病机制中可能的参与途径。对目前棉花抗黄萎病分子育种研究中存在的主要问题和可能的解决途径进行了探讨,展望了其发展的方向。  相似文献   

广东江门锦江源自然保护区维管植物资源调查     

戴智明  谢健国  税珺  刘一贞  陈飞  刘华岳 《广东林业科技》2006,22(1):48-51

对江门市锦江源自然保护区内维管植物资源进行调查,结果表明:保护区内共有维管植物232 科,370属,1 179种,拥有国家重点保护野生植物15科19种,珍稀濒危植物15科17种。该区植物资源丰富,其中药用植物527种,用材植物216种,观赏植物198种,油脂植物132种,蜜源植物63种,纤维植物85 种。文内并对保护区的资源管理、开发、科研、建设提出了建议。  相似文献   

黄帝陵古侧柏死亡原因调查   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

刘铭汤  戴建昌 《西北林学院学报》1995,10(2):109-111

黄帝陵古侧柏林由于人为破坏,管理不善,环境污染等原因致使生长不良。在此基础上,由于侧柏大蚜、侧柏毒蛾、明纹侧柏松毛虫、柏肤小蠹和双条杉天牛等害虫连续相继危害,致使生长衰弱的侧柏局部枝条或整株死亡。  相似文献   

大豆花叶病毒病流行模拟和防治决策模型SIMSMV   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郭井泉  张明厚  戴汉成 《中国农业科学》1991,24(2):34-42

大豆花叶病毒（SMV）流行和防治的模拟系统SIMSMV是由大豆生长、病害日侵染率、显症率、种子传毒率、种子褐斑率、产量损失6个子模型和播种种子带毒率允许水平及介体蚜虫防治模型所构成。本模型只需输入几个简单的初始变量即可实现对SMV流行、危害的模拟及制定病毒防治决策。经过三年的检验和试用,证明本模型系统结构合理、模拟准确、决策可靠。  相似文献   

Cryopreservation of in vitro-grown meristems of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) by encapsulation-vitrification     

Dai Hirai  Kayo Shirai  Shigehisa Shirai  Akira Sakai 《Euphytica》1998,102(1):109-115

Alginate-coated meristems from in vitro-grown strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) were successfully cryopreserved following dehydration by a vitrification solution. Excised meristems from cold-hardened plantlets at 4 °C for two weeks in the dark were encapsulated into alginate-gel beads containing a mixture of 2 M glycerol plus 0.4 M sucrose. These encapsulated and cryoprotected meristems were dehydrated with a highly concentrated vitrification solution (designated PVS2) for 2 hr at 0 °C prior to a plunge into liquid nitrogen. Successfully encapsulated vitrified meristems remained green and then developed shoots within one week after plating without intermediary callus formation. The average rate of shoot formation of encapsulated vitrified meristems amounted to nearly 90%. The cryogenic protocol was successfully applied to four cultivars of strawberry. It was also confirmed that encapsulated vitrified meristems cooled to - 196 °C produced higher shoot formation than encapsulated dried meristems. Besides, the recovery growth was much earlier than the latter. The encapsulation-vitrification method is easy to handle and produces high levels of shoot formation. Thus, the protocol promises for cryopreservation of strawberry germplasm. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

玉米原生质体培养及可育植株的再生   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

张宏  谢友菊  王国英  杨蜀兰  戴景瑞 《作物学报》1998,24(4):497-502

由玉米获白×莱1029的幼胚诱导愈伤组织,经改造后进行液体悬浮培养,获得了优良的、有再生能力的悬浮细胞系。用其分离原生质体,采用4种方式进行培养,最高原生质体植板率达到1.2％。原生质体再生的小愈伤组织,通过分步诱导分化法,获得了5株完整的绿色植株,经进一步的壮苗培养后,移栽到土壤中全部成活,最终雄穗结籽。后代植株育性正常。  相似文献   

云南省怒江峡谷区桐农复合经营模式效益分析     

沈立新  赵自富  白如礼  戴益源 《中国生态农业学报》1999,7(1):75-76

通过云南省怒江峡谷区桐粮间作试验,对油桐和间作作物的生长、产量等进行了观测与分析。结果表明,桐农复合经营投资少,见效快,可操作性强,综合效益好,好在该类山区农村大力推广。  相似文献   

Heterobasidion annosum group S identified in north-eastern China     

Y-C. Dai  K. Korhonen 《Forest Pathology》1999,29(4):273-279

Samples of Heterobasidion annosum were collected in two stands of mixed forest in Changbaishan Nature Reserve in north-eastern China. Pure cultures were isolated from 15 specimens growing on Abies, Picea, Pinus and Populus. Mating tests showed that all these collections belong to the S inter-sterility group. The compatibility of Chinese homokaryons with S homokaryons from Europe was 100%. Clamp connections appeared almost equally in both strains of each pairing, and no distinct demarcation line formed in the pairings. The mating frequency of Chinese isolates with the European F group was also high, approximately 94%. These matings, however, were usually unilateral and a more or less distinct demarcation line was present in most of the pairings. The Chinese isolates were completely intersterile with the European P group. The S group of H. annosum in north-eastern China appears to have similar morphology and ecology as in Europe. It is common on Abies and Picea, but is not a serious pathogen in the pristine forests of north-eastern China.  相似文献   

南洞庭湖滨湖区农田防护林体系的结构和效益评价     

戴枚斌 《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》1999,(4)

在分析南洞庭湖滨湖区农田防护林体系结构的基础上,评价其生态效益、经济效益和社会效益,并探讨对于湿地保护的重要性．认为发展滨湖区林业应有利于维护湿地生态平衡,把重点放在优化和完善防护林体系的结构上,并提出了滨湖区农田防护林体系的建设原则,以及林带结构优化和林带、林网改造的具体方法．  相似文献   

七种高香型乌龙茶香气成分的主成分分析   总被引：30，自引：0，他引：30  

戴素贤  谢赤军  陈栋  郑如钦  谢振伦 《华南农业大学学报》1999,20(1):113-117

用主成分分析法对７种高香乌龙茶的主要香气成分进行了分析。结果表明：各香型茶皆有较为突出的赋香物质存在,这些物质的不同组合,形成了各自的香气特征。文章中列出肉桂香茶,玉兰香茶,黄枝香茶,芝兰香茶名香气成分组合的表达式。  相似文献