Effects of piperonyl butoxide on Bemisia tabaci Genn. (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae): mortality, development, parasitism and predation in Israeli cotton fields     

Gregor J. Devine  Isaac Ishaaya  A.Rami Horowitz  Ian Denholm 《Crop Protection》1998,17(9):717-726

In field trials in Israel, piperonyl butoxide (PB) alone, at concentrations of 2000 and 5000 ppm exerted good control over nymphal Bemisia tabaci populations on cotton. Weekly doses of these concentrations exerted greater control than a recommended oil and were as effective as the standard single application of buprofezin. Cypermethrin caused marked resurgence within the plots, probably as a consequence of its detrimental effects on natural enemies. Neither PB, buprofezin nor the oil reduced the incidence of natural enemies. Treatment with 2000 or 5000 ppm PB resulted in a shift in age structure toward a greater proportion of young instars than in other treatments. There was some evidence that these effects facilitated a greater level of parasitism in PB-treated plots.  相似文献   

Draft Genome Sequence of Potato Dry Rot Pathogen <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fusarium sambucinum</Emphasis> Fckl. F-4     

Virupaksh U Patil  Vanishree G.  Vinay Sagar  SK Chakrabarti 《American Journal of Potato Research》2017,94(3):266-269

Fusarium sambucinum is one of the most important causal agents that not only cause the dry rot disease of potato tubers in fields and stores worldwide but also capable of producing secondary metabolites toxic for people and animals. Here we present the first draft genome sequence of the strain (F-4) estimated to be around appx. 42.0 Mb. The genome has 12,845 protein coding genes with more than 35,900 exons and gene density of 3.13 per 10Kb. F. sambucinum is evolutionary more close to the F. graminearum among the Fusarium species complex. The genome sequence represents a valuable resource for understanding the pathogenecity and virulence factors, and their evolution within the complex and highly plastic genus Fusarium.  相似文献   

Alleviation of drought stress effects in sunflower seedlings by the exopolysaccharides producing <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pseudomonas putida</Emphasis> strain GAP-P45     

V. Sandhya  Ali SK. Z.  Minakshi Grover  Gopal Reddy  B. Venkateswarlu 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2009,46(1):17-26

Production of exopolysaccharides (EPS) can be used as a criteria for the isolation of stress tolerant microorganisms. In the present study, EPS-producing fluorescent pseudomonads were isolated from alfisols, vertisols, inseptisols, oxisols, and aridisols of different semiarid millet growing regions of India and were screened in vitro for drought tolerance in trypticase soy broth supplemented with different concentrations of polyethylene glycol (PEG6000). Out of the total 81 isolates, 26 could tolerate maximum level of stress (−0.73 MPa) and were monitored for the amount of EPS produced under maximum level of water stress. The strain GAP-P45, isolated from alfisol of sunflower rhizosphere, showed the highest level of EPS production under water stress conditions, was identified as Pseudomonas putida on the basis of 16S rDNA sequence analysis, and was used as seed treatment to study its effect in alleviating drought stress effects in sunflower seedlings. Inoculation of Pseudomonas sp. strain GAP-P45 increased the survival, plant biomass, and root adhering soil/root tissue ratio of sunflower seedlings subjected to drought stress. The inoculated bacteria could efficiently colonize the root adhering soil and rhizoplane and increase the percentage of stable soil aggregates. Scanning electron microscope studies showed the formation of biofilm of inoculated bacteria on the root surface and this, along with a better soil structure, might have protected the plants from the water stress.  相似文献   

What is your diagnosis? Osteochondrosis dissecans     

Devine DV  VanPelt SR  Boileau MJ 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2011,238(1):39-40

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A scanning electron microscope study of glyphosate deposits in relation to foliar uptake     

Susan A. Macisaac  Rex N. Paul  Malcolm D. Devine 《Pest management science》1991,31(1):53-64

The effects of several formulations on foliar uptake of glyphosate, and on the morphology of glyphosate deposits on leaves, were examined in Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.). [¹⁴C]glyphosate, in the form of the free acid or the isopropylamine salt (IPAS), was applied to foliage alone or with various adjuvants. Uptake of all glyphosate IPAS formulations was greater than that of the corresponding acid formulation. Addition of ‘Tween 20’ enhanced the uptake of glyphosate IPAS compared to glyphosate alone, but had no effect on the uptake of glyphosate acid. Ammonium sulfate and the ‘Roundup’ formulation blank increased the uptake of glyphosate acid and IPAS to 2-3 times that of herbicide alone. Surface deposits, as observed by scanning electron microscopy, varied with the formulation of the herbicide, although there were no differences between the acid and IPAS formulations. Glyphosate alone initially formed a deposit with both crystalline and smooth, amorphous areas. Later in the treatment period (48 and 72 h after application), the deposit was almost entirely crystalline. The addition of ‘Tween 20’ or of formulation blank resulted in the formation of a more amorphous, non-crystalline deposit. Herbicide solutions containing ammonium sulfate dried to form a highly crystalline deposit. However, crystals similar to those of glyphosate alone were not visible in these deposits. The ability of these adjuvants to prevent or delay crystal formation may play a role in their enhancement of herbicide uptake.  相似文献   

Pathotyping of Australian isolates of Marek's disease virus in commercial broiler chickens vaccinated with herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT) or bivalent (HVT/SB1) vaccine and association with viral load in the spleen and feather dander     

SW Walkden‐Brown  A Islam  AFMF Islam  SK Burgess  PJ Groves  J Cooke 《Australian veterinary journal》2013,91(8):341-350

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Disseminated Mortierella wolfii infection in a neonatal calf     

JS Munday  AG Wolfe  KE Lawrence  SK Pandey 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(1):62-63

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The use of electrical stunning followed by electro-immobilization for the humane slaughter of cattle     

C.E. Devine  K.V. Gilbert  A. Tavener  A. Day 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(4)

Sir;- In New Zealand, calves are often electrically stunned before slaughter. However, electrical stunning is not usually used for adult cattle, primarily because the large size of the adult animal makes restraint more difficult, resulting in less reproducible stunning, with potential danger to personnel from animal movement. In addition, the slaughter of cattle may be inhumane if the stunning process does not ensure immediate and permanent insensibility (Newhook and Blackmore 1982b). The use and humaneness of electrical stunning of sheep and cattle have been the subject of our recent research, in which we have addressed and resolved many of these problems. We wish to relate our observations in the context of head-only electrical stunning of cattle followed by electro-immobilization to maintain insensibility and ensure carcass stillness.  相似文献   

Impact of Buserelin Acetate or hCG Administration on the Day of First Artificial Insemination on Subsequent Luteal Profile and Conception Rate in Murrah Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)          下载免费PDF全文

AK Pandey  SPS Ghuman  GS Dhaliwal  SK Agarwal  JB Phogat 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2016,51(4):478-484

This study was designed to investigate the impact of buserelin acetate (BA) or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration on the day of first artificial insemination (AI) on subsequent luteal profile (diameter of corpus luteum (CL) and plasma progesterone) and conception rate in Murrah buffalo. The present experiment was carried out at two locations in 117 buffalo that were oestrus‐synchronized using cloprostenol (500 μg) administered (i.m.) 11 days apart followed by AI during standing oestrus. Based on treatment (i.m.) at the time of AI, buffalo were randomly categorized (n = 39 in each group) into control (isotonic saline solution, 5 ml), dAI‐BA (buserelin acetate, 20 μg) and dAI‐hCG (hCG, 3000 IU) group. Out of these, 14 buffalo of each group were subjected to ovarian ultrasonography on the day of oestrus to monitor the preovulatory follicle and on days 5, 12, 16 and 21 post‐ovulation to monitor CL diameter. On the day of each sonography, jugular vein blood samples were collected for the estimation of progesterone concentrations. All the buffalo (n = 117) were confirmed for pregnancy on day 40 post‐ovulation. The conception rate was better (p < 0.05) in dAI‐BA (51.3%) and dAI‐hCG (66.7%) groups as compared to their control counterparts (30.8%). Furthermore, the buffalo of dAI‐hCG group had improved (p < 0.05) luteal profile, whereas the buffalo of dAI‐BA group failed (p > 0.05) to exhibit stimulatory impact of treatment on luteal profile when compared to control group. In brief, buserelin acetate or hCG treatment on the day of first AI leads to an increase in conception rate; however, an appreciable impact on post‐ovulation luteal profile was observed only in hCG‐treated Murrah buffalo.  相似文献   

Field studies of the detection,persistence and spread of the Rispens CVI988 vaccine virus and the extent of co‐infection with Marek's disease virus          下载免费PDF全文

S Ralapanawe  KG Renz  SK Burgess  SW Walkden‐Brown 《Australian veterinary journal》2016,94(9):329-337

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