Forest structure and woody plant species composition after a wildfire in beech forests in the north of Iran     

Mohammad Naghi Adel  Hassan Pourbabaei  Ali Omidi  Daniel C Dey 《林业研究》2013,24(2):255-262

Beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) forest covers about 565,000 ha of land in Guilan province, north of Iran and forms a major carbon pool. It is an important economic, soil protection and recreation resource. We studied long-term effects of fire on the structure and composition 37 years after fire occurrence in these forests. To do this research, we selected 85 ha burned and 85 ha unburned beech forests). The results indicated that the fire had not changed the overall uneven-aged structure, but it changed forest composition from pure stands to mixed stands that now include species such as Carpinus betulus, Acer cappadocicum and Alnus subcordata. The density of trees and regeneration was significantly increased, while the density of shrubs significantly decreased. The main reasons for increased tree regeneration were attributed to (1) reduction of litter depth, and (2) increase in available light from opening of the canopy and reduction in shrub competition. It is apparent that the forest is on a path to return to its natural state before the fire after 37 years.  相似文献   

Nitrogen,Phosphorus, and Carbon Budgets in Polyculture Ponds of Indian Major Carps and Giant Freshwater Prawn in Orissa State,India     

Bharat Chandra Sahu  Abhijit S. Mahapatra  Lambodar Dey 《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(4):365-376

A nutrient budget was quantified for six polyculture ponds of giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) and Indian major carps (Catla catla, Labeo rohita, and Cirrhinus mrigala). The initial stocking size of prawn postlarva was 16.50 ± 0.54 mm with a body weight of 0.05 ± 0.001 g. Body weight of major carps was 9.0 ± 0.89 g. The duration of culture was 280 days. Feed accounted for 82% of total nitrogen (N), 93% of total phosphorus (P), and 95% of organic carbon (OC) inputs. Harvest of prawn and carps recovered 44% N, 1% P, and 19% OC. N, P, and OC accumulated in sediment were 47%, 73%, and 69%, respectively. Nutrient load in the harvest water was 0.67 ± 0.21 kg inorganic N, 0.15 ± 0.01 kg P, and 7.72 ± 0.62 kg OC per ton of Indian major carps and prawn.  相似文献   

FISH CONSUMPTION AND FOOD SECURITY: A DISAGGREGATED ANALYSIS BY TYPES OF FISH AND CLASSES OF CONSUMERS IN SELECTED ASIAN COUNTRIES     

Madan Mohan Dey  Mohammed A. Rab  Ferdinand J. Paraguas  Somying Piumsombun  Ramachandra Bhatta  Md Ferdous Alam 《Aquaculture Economics & Management (Blackwell Science)》2013,17(1-2):89-111

ABSTRACT

This paper discusses fish consumption and preference patterns for fish species by income groups, and by urban/rural divide in Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. The analysis is based on primary data collected by the WorldFish Center and its partner institutes by means of a survey of 5,931 households in the selected countries. The FAO database and other published materials were also used to analyze trends in fish consumption. Freshwater fish species constitute a major share in total per capita fish consumption in most of these countries. Pelagic and demersal marine fish are the main contributor to per capita total fish consumption in the countries with longer coastal boundaries (such as Indonesia, the Philippines and Thailand), and in the coastal regions within each country. Results suggest that fish contributes between 15% and 53% of the total animal protein intake in these countries. Fish consumption varies widely with economic position of the households, in terms of both per capita consumption and type of fish species. Per capita fish consumption increases with increase in income. The share of fish protein in total animal protein expenditure is higher for lower income groups, demonstrating their dependence on fish as a source of animal protein. Poor people consume mostly low-price fish and rich people spend a significant portion of their fish budget on expensive fish. Per capita fish consumption is substantially higher in rural areas than in urban areas.  相似文献   

印度西孟加拉邦德赖地区梨竹生长基质标准化、萌发种子尺寸和实生苗生长     

Gopal Shukla  Amarendra Nath Dey  Sumi Chakravarty 《世界竹藤通讯》2012,10(4):47

2008年2-4月,在印度西孟加拉邦德赖地区开展了试验,该试验对6个生长基质和3个种子的重量进行了分析,以找出其对梨竹萌发和实生苗生长的影响。与其他基质相比,将50 g的种子种在土壤、沙土和FYM以同一比例混合的基质中,种子萌发较好,实生苗生长更好。  相似文献   

In planta detection of Macrophomina phaseolina from jute (Corchorus olitorius) by a sodium acetate-based direct PCR method     

Chinmay Biswas  Piyali Dey  Kunal Mandal  Subrata Satpathy  P. G. Karmakar 《Phytoparasitica》2014,42(5):673-676

Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. is the most important pathogen of jute and primarily causes seedling blight, leaf spot and stem rot. The pathogen was detected from field samples by a simple method of direct PCR (dPCR) which obviates the steps of DNA extraction. The leaf bits were treated with a lysis buffer at 65°C for 25 min, whereas the stem pieces were initially incubated at 65°C for 5 min followed by incubation at 60°C for 25 min and the lysate was used as PCR template. Based on the type of tissue, the composition and concentration of lysis buffer systems were optimized. For leaf samples the optimized buffer system composed of 20 mmol l ^-1 tris (hydroxymethyl aminomethane (Tris)-Cl (pH 8.0), 1.5 mmol l ^-1 ethylene diamine tetra acetate (EDTA) (pH 8.0), 1.4 mol l ^-1 sodium acetate and 200 μg/ml proteinase K. Further, 3% PVP (w/v) and β-mercaptoethanol (1% w/v) were added into the buffer. In case of stem samples, PVP was not applied and higher concentrations were used for other components. M. phaseolina could be detected from both leaf and stem samples generating amplicon of 350 bp. This is the first report of detecting M. phaseolina by a direct PCR method without DNA extraction.  相似文献   

Chlorocholine chloride mediated resistance mechanism and protection against leaf spot disease of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni     

Sayanti Kundu  Avishek Dey  Abhijit Bandyopadhyay 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2014,139(3):511-524

Investigations have been carried out to determine the influence of chlorocholine chloride on induction of the resistance mechanisms of Stevia rebaudiana against leaf spot disease, caused by Alternaria alternata. The paper also focuses an impact of chlorocholine chloride induced resistance on reduction of leaf spot disease. Chlorocholine chloride is attributed to its significant role in defence responses through augmentation of phenol and salicylic acid content as well as stimulation of phenylalanine ammonia lyase and peroxidase activity in S. rebaudiana following inoculation with A. alternata. Histochemical studies revealed that fungal invasion as well as infection process was appreciably reduced in chlorocholine chloride treated plants through peroxidase-H₂O₂ mediated strengthening of cell wall. The overall study highlights the significant role of chlorocholine chloride in induction of resistance in S. rebaudiana against A. alternata.  相似文献   

Correlations among <Emphasis Type="Italic">Anaplasma marginale</Emphasis> parasitemia and markers of oxidative stress in crossbred calves     

De UK  Dey S  Banerjee PS  Sahoo M 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(3):385-388

The present study was designed to determine the correlations among Anaplasma marginale parasitemia and markers of oxidative stress in crossbred calves. Blood was collected from 11 crossbred calves infected with A. marginale along with 11 healthy crossbred calves as controls for determination of hematology and oxidative stress indicators. Percentage of parasitemia in infected calves varied from 0.8% to 6.0%. The values of hematological indicators and antioxidant enzymes were decreased, whereas erythrocytic lipid peroxidation (LPO) and plasma nitrate (NO) level were significantly (p < 0.05) augmented in A. marginale-infected animals over healthy group. Parasitemia was positively correlated (p < 0.01) with erythrocytic LPO and plasma NO and negatively correlated (p < 0.01) with hematological indicators and antioxidant enzymes. In addition, erythrocytic LPO was negatively correlated (p < 0.01) with the hemoglobin, erythrocyte count, and packed cell volume. From the present study, it can be concluded that anaplasmosis in crossbred calves is associated with a parasitic load-dependent oxidative damage as indicated by poor antioxidant status and enhanced oxidative stress, which are contributed to severe anemia.  相似文献   

Swietenine: A potential oral hypoglycemic from Swietenia macrophylla seed     

Saikat Dewanjee  Anup Maiti  Anup K. Das  Subhash C. Mandal  Sankar P. Dey 《Fitoterapia》2009

Swietenine, a tetranortriterpenoid, was isolated from the Swietenia macrophylla seeds. The in vivo hypoglycemic activity was evaluated against neonatal-streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetic rats. Oral administration of swietenine at 25 and 50 mg/kg body weight per day to diabetic rats was found to possess significant dose dependant hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity in type 2 diabetic rats.  相似文献   

Depressed polymorphonuclear cell functions in periparturient cows that develop postpartum reproductive diseases     

Rafiqul Islam  Harendra Kumar  Gyanendra Singh  Binsila B. Krishnan  Sahadeb Dey 《Veterinary research communications》2017,41(3):201-209

The study was planned to see if there is any important and significant changes in the PMN function in cows suffering from postpartum reproductive diseases (PRD). Blood sampling was done from 41 pregnant cows on 15 days prepartum (?15d), calving day (0d), 15 days (15d) and 30 days (30d) postpartum and thorough gynaecological examination was performed on 0d, 15d, 30d and 45d for diagnosis of PRD like retained placenta (RP), clinical metritis (CM), clinical endometritis (CE) and delayed involution of uterus (DIU). The heparinised blood was used for isolation of PMN leukocytes for estimation of superoxide (SO), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in each group of cows. The SO production (ΔOD) was greater for normal (0.19 ± 0.05) than cows suffering from RP (?0.12 ± 0.09), CM (?0.15 ± 0.13) and CE (?0.07 ± 0.05) at -15d. The mean value was greater for normal cows (0.12) than the cows with PRD (0.05 to 0.9) at 30d. The H₂O₂ production was greater for normal than cows with PRD at all sampling days and significantly greater than cows with RP and CE at 15d (p < 0.01) and 30d (P < 0.05). The MPO activity (μmol/1 × 10⁷) was greater for normal (18.77 ± 1.27) than for RP (12.52 ± 2.57) and CM (11.31 ± 3.30) cows on 0d. The depressed capability of the PMN from the cows with PRD to produce SO, H₂O₂ and MPO during the periparturient period indicated their association with the development of RP, CM and CE.  相似文献   

Demographics,farm and reproductive management strategies used in Australian automatic milking systems compared with regionally proximal conventional milking systems          下载免费PDF全文

DM Keeper  KL Kerrisk  JK House  SC Garcia  P Thomson 《Australian veterinary journal》2017,95(9):325-332

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