Effects of two preanesthetic regimens for ophthalmic surgery on intraocular pressure and cardiovascular measurements in dogs     

Tamura EY  Barros PS  Cortopassi SR  Ambrósio AM  Fantoni DT 《Veterinary therapeutics : research in applied veterinary medicine》2002,3(1):81-87

The effects of different preanesthetic medications (acepromazine plus either meperidine or butorphanol) given before the induction of anesthesia with midazolam and ketamine on intraocular pressure, heart rate, and arterial blood pressure were investigated in 20 dogs. Following administration of preanesthetics and induction of anesthesia, dogs were intubated and anesthesia was maintained with halothane for 10 minutes. Intraocular pressure was significantly higher (P <.05) at several evaluations for dogs premedicated with acepromazine/meperidine than for those premedicated with acepromazine/butorphanol. Mean heart rate and diastolic arterial blood pressure were significantly (P <.05) higher 5 minutes after administration of acepromazine/meperidine than after acepromazine/butorphanol. Results of this study suggest that acepromazine/butorphanol is a satisfactory preanesthetic combination to use before induction of anesthesia with midazolam and ketamine for ophthalmic surgery in dogs.  相似文献   

Preference and adoption of Farmer Field School (FFS) Prosopis juliflora management practices: Experiences in Baringo District, Kenya     

Eunice NJOROGE  Peter SIRMAH  Francis MBURU  Eric KOECH  Mugo MWARE  Josiah CHEPKWONY 《中国林学(英文版)》2012,14(4):283-290

This research was carried out to evaluate the preference and adoption of harvesting, uprooting, stump burning, pruning and thinning practices for controlling the spread of Prosopis juliflora (prosopis) within Marigat Division of the Baringo District, Kenya. A survey methodology was employed using a random sample of 25 Farmer Field School (FFS) members and 5 non-FFS members from each of the five locations of Marigat Division. In total, 100 FFS members and 25 non-FFS members participated in the study; additional supplementary data were collected from the Kenya Forestry Research Institute (KEFRI), a major facilitator and trainer of the identified FFS activities and practices in the study area since 2004. More than 80% of the local community never undertook any form of prosopis management practice; however, this changed after FFS training, indicating an acquisition and retention of knowledge which probably diffused to the non-FFS counterparts, through either formal or informal ways. Harvesting was the most preferred (100%) and stump burning the least preferred (46%) practice of managing the spread of prosopis. The success and preference of any prosopis management practice was attributed to wood and non-wood benefits derived from prosopis and growing of animal fodder and food crops on rehabilitated land. More than 80% of respondents attributed ineffectiveness of any prosopis management practice to coppicing and viable seed banks of the tree, while 50% highlighted a lack of consistency and integration in carrying out management practices. The reported negative attitude towards prosopis changed after training with none of the view to eradicate it. Labor intensity and frequent regeneration of seedlings were identified as the major challenges faced during the implementation of prosopis management practices. In conclusion, the study shows that harvesting, uprooting, stump burning, pruning and thinning realized through consistent holistic integration contribute to containing the spread of prosopis trees in Baringo, Kenya.  相似文献   

培肥模式对陇中旱农区粮饲兼用玉米产量和品质的影响     

沈吉成  李玲玲  谢军红  彭正凯  Eunice Essel  邓超超  王进斌  颉健辉 《西北农业学报》2018,27(9):1305-1312

依托2012年布设在陇中旱农区的田间定位试验,在2014-2015年研究4种土壤培肥模式[无培肥(NA)、猪粪(SM)、秸秆(MS)、猪粪+化肥(SC)]对粮饲兼用玉米纤维素质量分数和积累率,粗蛋白质量分数及产量的影响。结果显示,玉米各生育时期干物质累积量、籽粒和饲草产量均SCSMMSNA。2014年和2015年,与NA比较,SC处理籽粒和饲草产量分别提高67.24%、49.40%和78.69%、55.09%。随着玉米生育进程的推进,粗蛋白质量分数降低,酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)和中性洗涤纤维(NDF)质量分数增加,玉米各生育时期纤维素质量分数及积累率各处理表现为SCSMMSNA,粗蛋白(CP)质量分数表现为SCSMMSNA。可见,猪粪与化肥相结合提高粮饲兼用玉米产量,降低纤维素质量分数,是有利于陇中旱农区粮饲兼用玉米高产优质可持续生产的土壤培肥模式。  相似文献   

Feasibility study on the use of visible and near-infrared spectroscopy together with chemometrics to discriminate between commercial white wines of different varietal origins   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Cozzolino D  Smyth HE  Gishen M 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(26):7703-7708

The use of visible (vis) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) was explored as a tool to discriminate between samples of Australian commercial white wines of different varietal origins (Chardonnay and Riesling). Discriminant models were developed using principal component analysis (PCA), principal component regression (PCR), and discriminant partial least-squares (DPLS) regression. The samples were randomly split into two sets, one used as a calibration set (n = 136) and the remaining samples as a validation set (n = 133). When used to predict the variety of the validation set samples, the DPLS models correctly classified 100% of Riesling and up to 96% of Chardonnay wines. These results showed that vis-NIR might be a suitable and alternative technology that can be easily implemented by the wine industry to discriminate Riesling and Chardonnay commercial wine varieties. However, the relatively limited number of samples and varieties involved in the present work suggests caution in extending the potential of such a technique to other wine varieties.  相似文献   

Principal component similarity analysis of Raman spectra to study the effects of pH,heating, and kappa-carrageenan on whey protein structure     

Alizadeh-Pasdar N  Nakai S  Li-Chan EC 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(21):6042-6052

Raman spectroscopy was used to elucidate structural changes of beta-lactoglobulin (BLG), whey protein isolate (WPI), and bovine serum albumin (BSA), at 15% concentration, as a function of pH (5.0, 7.0, and 9.0), heating (80 degrees C, 30 min), and presence of 0.24% kappa-carrageenan. Three data-processing techniques were used to assist in identifying significant changes in Raman spectral data. Analysis of variance showed that of 12 characteristics examined in the Raman spectra, only a few were significantly affected by pH, heating, kappa-carrageenan, and their interactions. These included amide I (1658 cm(-1)) for WPI and BLG, alpha-helix for BLG and BSA, beta-sheet for BSA, CH stretching (2880 cm(-1)) for BLG and BSA, and CH stretching (2930 cm(-1)) for BSA. Principal component analysis reduced dimensionality of the characteristics. Heating and its interaction with kappa-carrageenan were identified as the most influential in overall structure of the whey proteins, using principal component similarity analysis.  相似文献   

DDT in Biota of Paranagu�� Bay, Southern Brazil: Recent Input and Rapid Degradation     

Gerd Liebezeit  Daniela Brepohl  Juliane Rizzi  Flavia Guebert  Mats Krome  Eunice Machado  Ursula Pijanowska 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2011,220(1-4):181-188

The presence of recent dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) inputs is established for Paranaguá Bay biota, i.e. bivalves, fish and one sponge. Values ranged from 6.9 to 156.2 ng ??DDT/g dry weight. Three fish species analysed showed ??DDT values from 36.8 to 92.1 ng/g dry weight. The highest contents (up to 156.2 ng ??DDT/g dry weight) were found for mangrove oysters (Crassostrea rhizophorae) at locations affected by sewage discharge from Paranaguá City. Turtles as herbivores were not affected by this input with values of 0.7 and 2.2 ng ??DDT/g dry weight. The areal distribution of samples suggests that usage of DDT is widespread around the bay. Fresh DDT input is degraded to DDE and DDD within approximately 5 months.  相似文献   

氮肥运筹对陇中旱农区玉米光合特性及产量的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王进斌  谢军红  李玲玲  Eunice Essel  彭正凯  邓超超  沈吉成  颉健辉 《草业学报》2019,28(1):60-69

全膜双垄沟播技术使玉米成为了陇中旱农区主要作物之一,但该技术下玉米的高产出导致土壤养分耗竭,影响玉米生产的可持续性。本研究依托2012年布设在陇中旱农区的田间定位试验,研究4个施氮水平 (N₀:不施肥;N₁:100 kg·hm^-2、N₂:200 kg·hm^-2、N₃:300 kg·hm^-2)和2个施氮时期(T₁: 1/3基肥+1/3拔节期+1/3开花期、T₂: 1/3基肥+2/3拔节期)对玉米光合特性、叶绿素含量、叶面积指数、干物质积累和分配量及产量的影响。结果表明:1) 随着施氮量的增加玉米光合性能也在增强,而N₃和T₂N₂间差异不显著,T₂时期提高玉米光合特性;2) 全生育期内,N₃处理下叶绿素含量较N₂、N₁、N₀分别平均增加50.9%、17.0%、2.7%;叶面积指数也随施氮量的增加而增加,但N₂和N₃间无显著差异;T₂下的叶绿素含量和叶面积指数在生育后期显著高于T₁;3) 干物质积累量和籽粒分配量表现为:N₃>N₂>N₁>N₀,T₂下的干物质积累和籽粒分配量高于T₁;4) 籽粒产量和生物产量均随施氮量的增加而增加,N₂和N₃下的籽粒产量和生物产量显著高于N₀,其中N₃较N₀增加79.2%和68.4%,N₂较N₀增加65.9%和54.1%,T₂下的籽粒产量和生物产量分别较T₁显著增加9.9%和13.5%,而T₂N₂与N₃间无显著差异,因此,在陇中旱农区应用全膜双垄沟播技术种植玉米,施纯氮200 kg·hm^-2左右,按照1/3基肥+2/3拔节期配施,可以增强光合作用,从而提高玉米籽粒产量和饲料产量,促进玉米生产可持续发展。  相似文献   

Development and validation of a set of standard area diagrams to assess severity of gray mold in strawberry fruit     

Filippi  Débora  Nienow  Alexandre Augusto  Chiomento  José Luís Trevizan  dos Santos Trentin  Thomas  Dornelles  Alana Grando  Calvete  Eunice Oliveira  Huzar-Novakowiski  Jaqueline 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2021,160(2):277-286

European Journal of Plant Pathology - Gray mold (Botrytis cinerea) is one of the main diseases that affect strawberries. Severity assessments of the disease in fruits have been mainly performed...  相似文献   

不同耕作措施对旱地作物生育期农田耗水结构和水分利用效率的影响   总被引：3，自引：4，他引：3  

彭正凯  李玲玲  谢军红  邓超超  EUNICE Essel  王进斌  颉健辉  沈吉成  康彩睿 《水土保持学报》2018,32(5):214-221

陇中黄土高原旱农区降水有限、水分利用效率低下是导致该区作物生产力水平低而不稳的主要原因。发展保护性耕作是保护水土资源、提高水分利用效率的重要途径。为揭示耕作措施影响水分利用效率的机制,2015—2016年在陇中黄土高原旱农区研究了不同耕作措施对土壤棵间蒸发、农田耗水量、作物蒸腾量、棵间蒸发与蒸散的比例、产量及水分利用效率的影响。试验设置传统耕作(T)、免耕秸秆覆盖(NTS)、免耕(NT)、传统耕作+秸秆翻入(TS)、传统耕作+覆膜(TP)、免耕覆膜(NTP)6个处理,春小麦和豌豆年间轮作。结果表明:(1)春小麦和豌豆全生育期棵间蒸发量NTS、TP、NTP比T显著减少6.52%~50.81%,NTS降低棵间蒸发量的作用主要在小麦开花后和豌豆结荚后,地膜覆盖在各个生育时期基本上都显著减少了棵间蒸发。(2)NTS对全生育期耗水量无显著影响,NTP的耗水量只在小麦地显著高于T。相比T,NTS显著提高了小麦开花-收获和豌豆结荚-收获期间的阶段耗水量及其占总耗水的比例。(3)NTS、TP、NTP均显著提高了春小麦和豌豆的蒸腾量,降低了田间的蒸发占蒸散的比例,降低了水分的无效损耗。(4)各年份春小麦和豌豆的产量NTS、TP、NTP比T提高了7.64%~62.79%,水分利用效率比T提高了0.43%~50.88%。因此,在陇中黄土高原旱农区,免耕秸秆覆盖、地膜覆盖等保护性耕作措施均能提高水分利用效率及小麦和豌豆的产量。免耕秸秆覆盖通过降低作物生长后期棵间蒸发量,提高作物生长后期耗水量,降低蒸发与蒸散的比例,从而提高春小麦和豌豆的水分利用效率及产量。而地膜覆盖处理主要是通过减少全生育期棵间蒸发量,增加作物全生育期蒸腾量,降低蒸发与蒸散的比例,从而实现作物水分高效利用,提高作物产量。  相似文献   

Matricaria chamomilla CH12 decreases handling stress in Nelore calves     

Luis Souza Lima de Souza Reis  Paulo Eduardo Pardo  Eunice Oba  Sergio do Nascimento Kronka  Neuza Maria Frazatti-Gallina 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2006,7(2):189-192

Matricaria chamomilla CH₁₂ is a phytotherapeutic or homeopathic product, which has been used to reduce stress. Here, we examined its effect on preventing handling stress in bovines. Sixty Nelore calves were randomly distributed into two equal groups. One group was administered Matricaria chamomilla CH₁₂ in diet and the other the ''control'' was not. Animals in both groups were maintained unstressed for 30 days to adjust to the feeding system and pasture, and were then stressed by constraint on the 31th, 38th, 45th and 60th experimental days. Blood samples were taken on these days after animals had been immobilization in a trunk contention for 5 min. Stress was followed by analyzing serum cortisol levels. These peaked on the 45th day and then decreased, but not to baseline, on the 60th day. On the 45th day cortisol levels were significantly lower in animals fed Matricaria chamomilla CH₁₂, suggesting that this product reduces stress. These effects may be a consequence of its inhibiting cortisol production and its calming and anxiolytic effects.  相似文献