Effects of pH, sodium bicarbonate, cryoprotectants and foetal bovine serum on the cryopreservation of European eel sperm.     

DL Garzón  DS Peñaranda  L Pérez  F Marco‐Jiménez  X Espert  T Müller  M Jover  JF Asturiano 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2008,43(1):99-105

The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of pH and bicarbonate concentration in the activation or inhibition of European eel (Anguilla anguilla) spermatozoa and to evaluate the effect of different cryoprotectants: dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), acetamide, ethylene glycol, propanol, glycerol and methanol (MeOH). The effect of these factors was evaluated comparing the percentage of motile cells, the percentage of alive cells (by Hoechst staining) and the spermatozoa morphometry pre- and post-cryopreservation (by computer-assisted morphology analysis). Based on the above findings, three cryoprotectants (DMSO, MeOH and glycerol) were chosen and evaluated in two media (P1 and P1 modified) with different concentrations of NaHCO(3) and in the presence or absence of foetal bovine serum (FBS). The effect of these factors was evaluated comparing the percentage of alive and motile cells post-cryopreservation. DMSO was the cryoprotectant showing better results in relation to the percentage of spermatic alive cells post-freezing and caused a smaller modification of the head spermatozoa morphology. The combination of P1-modified medium with DMSO and containing FBS increased slightly but significantly the percentage of motile spermatozoa post-cryopreservation.  相似文献   

Increasing Number of Drip Irrigation Lines for Water Conservation during Strawberry Establishment     

Oleg Daugovish  Ben Faber  Michael Cahn  Surendra Dara 《International Journal of Fruit Science》2016,16(4):108-117

ABSTRACT

Strawberry transplants in California are planted through narrow holes in raised beds covered with polyethylene mulch. They are irrigated with overhead sprinklers for the first five weeks to leach salts and maintain plant turgidity; most of this sprinkler-applied water runs off the plastic without reaching the plants. At three coastal locations, we compared grower controlled drip irrigation with doubled number of tapes to sprinkler irrigation immediately after planting. Root zone EC and moisture levels were similar in both irrigation systems. Depending on the location, water use was reduced 24 to 78% in drip-only plots compared to sprinkler and runoff was nearly eliminated. Plants in drip-only plots were similar in size and root biomass to those established with sprinkler irrigation. Early yields were similar in the two irrigation systems. Thus, use of the increased number of drip tapes conserves water during strawberry establishment without negative effects on plant performance.  相似文献   

Clinical and epidemiological features of West Nile virus equine encephalitis in New South Wales,Australia, 2011     

AJ Read  DS Finlaison  X Gu  PM Hick  BJ Moloney  T Wright  PD Kirkland 《Australian veterinary journal》2019,97(5):133-143

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Factors associated with fertility of nulliparous dairy heifers following a 10‐day fixed‐time artificial insemination program with sex‐sorted and conventional semen          下载免费PDF全文

EJ Noonan  JC Kelly  DS Beggs 《Australian veterinary journal》2016,94(5):145-148

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The Regulation of Aromatase and Androgen Receptor Expression During Gonad Development in Male and Female European Eel     

DS Peñaranda  I Mazzeo  V Gallego  J Hildahl  R Nourizadeh‐Lillabadi  L Pérez  F‐A Weltzien  JF Asturiano 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(3):512-521

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Analgesic effect of pre-operative etodolac and butorphanol administration in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy     

T  Inoue  JCH Ko  RE Mandsager  ME Payton  DS Galloway  DN Lange 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2003,30(2):109-110

The analgesic, bleeding, and renal effects of dogs pre‐medicated with etodolac with and without butorphanol were evaluated. Twenty‐four 1‐year‐old healthy dogs, weighing 19 ± 3 kg (mean ± SD) were randomly assigned to four treatment groups (n = 6): control (C), etodolac (E), butorphanol (B), and etodolac with butorphanol (EB). Etodolac (12–14 mg kg^?1 PO) was given 1 hour before propofol induction and isoflurane maintenance anesthesia. Butorphanol (0.4 mg kg^?1 IV) was given immediately following endotracheal intubation. Control dogs received only propofol (8 mg kg^?1 to effect) and isoflurane anesthesia. All dogs were mechanically ventilated to maintain Pe ′CO₂ between 35 and 45 mm Hg (4.7–6.0 kPa). Lactated Ringer's solution was given at 10 mL kg^?1 hour^?1 during anesthesia. Plasma cortisol concentrations were assessed 1 day prior to surgery (baseline), immediately prior to anesthesia induction, and every 30 minutes until 5 hours following extubation, and 1 day after surgery. Total duration of anesthesia was 50 minutes and total surgery duration was 30 minutes. Isoflurane concentration area under the curve (AUC) over time during the anesthesia was compared among treatment groups. Buccal mucosal bleeding time (BMBT) was assessed 1 day before E administration and during surgery. Urine GGT to urine creatinine ratio, BUN, and plasma creatinine were taken daily from 1 day before to 3 days after surgery. Behavioral pain scores (numerical rating scale) were assessed by two observers blinded to the treatment during the 5‐hour recovery period at 30 minute intervals until 3 hours, and again at 5 hours after extubation. All data were analyzed using anova . Multiple comparisons were performed if the anova was significant. Alpha value was set at 0.05. Plasma cortisol concentrations significantly increased from time of extubation in all the treatment groups. They did not return to the baseline until 5, 2.5, 1.5, and 1.5 hours after extubation in the C, B, E, and EB groups, respectively. Isoflurane AUC was not significantly different among treatment groups. Dogs treated with EB had significantly less behavioral pain than all other groups throughout the 5‐hour recovery period. No significant difference was found between treatment groups or within treatment groups over time in BMBT, or any renal variables. This study demonstrated that (i) pre‐operative administration of E provides profound analgesia during the post‐operative period without renal or bleeding side‐effects in dogs undergoing OHE; and (ii) a combination of butorphanol–etodolac provides the best analgesic effect during the post‐operative period based on the behavioral pain score.  相似文献   

Earthworm species composition affects the soil bacterial community and net nitrogen mineralization   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

Maria B. Postma-Blaauw  Jaap Bloem  Jack H. Faber  Jan Willem van Groenigen  Ron G.M. de Goede  Lijbert Brussaard 《Pedobiologia》2006,50(3):243-256

Knowledge of the effects of species diversity within taxonomic groups on nutrient cycling is important for understanding the role of soil biota in sustainable agriculture. We hypothesized that earthworm species specifically affect nitrogen mineralization, characteristically for their ecological group classifications, and that earthworm species interactions would affect mineralization through competition and facilitation effects. A mesocosm experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of three earthworm species, representative of different ecological groups (epigeic: Lumbricus rubellus; endogeic: Aporrectodea caliginosa tuberculata; and anecic: Lumbricus terrestris), and their interactions on the bacterial community, and on nitrogen mineralization from ¹⁵N-labelled crop residue and from soil organic matter.Our results indicate that L. rubellus and L. terrestris enhanced mineralization of the applied crop residue whereas A. caliginosa had no effect. On the other hand, L. rubellus and A. caliginosa enhanced mineralization of the soil organic matter, whereas L. terrestris had no effect. The interactions between different earthworm species affected the bacterial community and the net mineralization of soil organic matter. The two-species interactions between L. rubellus and A. caliginosa, and L. rubellus and L. terrestris, resulted in reduced mineral N concentrations derived from soil organic matter, probably through increased immobilization in the bacterial biomass. In contrast, the interaction between A. caliginosa and L. terrestris resulted in increased bacterial growth rate and reduced total soil C. When all three species were combined, the interaction between A. caliginosa and L. terrestris was dominant. We conclude that the effects of earthworms on nitrogen mineralization depend on the ecological traits of the earthworm species present, and can be modified by species interactions. Knowledge of these effects can be made useful in the prevention of nutrient losses and increased soil fertility in agricultural systems, that typically have a low earthworm diversity.  相似文献   

EXPERIMENTAL AIR-BORNE INFECTION WITH POLIOMYELITIS VIRUS     

Faber HK  Silverberg RJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1941,94(2450):566-568

Infection has been obtained in both rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys by inhalation of poliomyelitis virus in the form of droplet nuclei. The olfactory route was excluded in part of the animals successfully infected. The gastrointestinal route is believed to have been excluded in the rhesus monkeys. It seems most probable that the portals of entry were the lower respiratory mucosa in the case of the rhesus monkeys and the oropharyngeal mucosa in the case of the cynomolgus monkeys. Fever and occasional mild symptoms in 8 other rhesus monkeys suggest that an abortive form of poliomyelitis may have resulted from inhalation, but this can not at present be considered as proved. The experiments open up the possibility that human poliomyelitis may, at least sometimes, be an air-borne infection and that the lungs may be a portal of entry. Neither of these aspects of the disease has hitherto, so far as we are aware, been studied experimentally. The presence of virus in the human nasopharynx, which has been repeatedly demonstrated,(7, 8) provides an obvious source of air contamination by patients and carriers; and direct contact has been traced during epidemics in a considerable fraction of cases,(9) amounting to about one third in the report of Top and Vaughan.(10) The relative importance of transmission by air and by ingested material remains to be determined. It would seem probable, however, that both modes of infection must be taken into account.  相似文献   

Effect of a second treatment of prostaglandin F2α during the Ovsynch program on fixed-time artificial insemination conception rates and luteolysis in split-calving,pasture-fed dairy cows     

JM Rheinberger  DD Colson  DS Beggs  PD Mansell  MA Stevenson  RJ Rheinberger  MF Pyman 《Australian veterinary journal》2020,98(5):190-196

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Dynamical Signature of the Mott-Hubbard Transition in Ni(S,Se)2     

A Husmann  DS Jin  YV Zastavker  TF Rosenbaum  X Yao  JM Honig 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1996,274(5294):1874-1876

The transition metal chalcogenide Ni(S,Se)2 is one of the few highly correlated, Mott-Hubbard systems without a strong first-order structural distortion that normally cuts off the critical behavior at the metal-insulator transition. The zero-temperature (T) transition was tuned with pressure, and significant deviations were found near the quantum critical point from the usual T1/2 behavior of the conductivity characteristic of electron-electron interactions in the presence of disorder. The transport data for pressure and temperature below 1 kelvin could be collapsed onto a universal scaling curve.  相似文献