The Effects of Cryopreservation on the Morphometric Dimensions of Iberian Red Deer (Cervus elaphus hispanicus) Epididymal Sperm Heads     

MC Esteso  MR Fernández-Santos  AJ Soler  V Montoro  A Quintero-Moreno  JJ Garde 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2006,41(3):241-246

Computer-automated sperm-head morphometry was used in this study to determine the effects of cryopreservation on red deer sperm-head morphometry. Epididymal sperm samples were collected from 40 mature stags and were divided. One portion was diluted at room temperature in a Tris-citrate egg yolk medium, containing 6% glycerol. A microscope slide was prepared from single extended sperm samples prior to freezing. The remainder of each sample was frozen in nitrogen vapours. After thawing, sperm smears were prepared as described above. All slides were air dried and stained with Hemacolor. The sperm-head dimensions for length, width, area, perimeter and shape factor (length/width), for a minimum of 135 spermatozoa were determined for each slide by means of the Sperm-Class Analyser (SCA). Firstly, our results show that cryopreservation substantially reduced (p < 0.001) sperm motility and plasma membrane and acrosome integrities. In addition, sperm heads were significantly smaller in cryopreserved spermatozoa than in the companion extended samples for area (32.05 microm2 vs 32.56 microm2; p < 0.05), length (8.46 microm vs 8.53 microm; p < 0.0001) and shape factor (1.833 vs 1.849; p < 0.0001) for all stags. These differences were found within 29 of 40 stags (75%) for at least three of the morphometric parameters. The individual variability (CV) of sperm head measurements from extended samples was negatively correlated (p < 0.005) with the per cent of change in sperm head measurements after cryopreservation for area (r = -0.465), width (r = -0.483) and perimeter (r = -0.375). Thus, the lower the sperm head variability in the extended samples, the greater the sperm change as a consequence of the cryopreservation. These results suggest that the variability (heterogeneity) in sperm head dimensions of individual stags may be a good indicator of sperm freezability.  相似文献   

兔球虫与大肠杆菌病混合感染的诊治     

王俊江  单红艳  王文木 《中国兽药杂志》2007,41(8):48-48,53

阐述了兔球虫与大肠杆菌病混合感染的临床症状、实验室检验及防治方法,力求为科学防控两病提供有益的参考。  相似文献   

Infertility in a Dog due to Proximal Cytoplasmic Droplets in the Ejaculate: Investigation of the Significance for Sperm Functionality In Vitro     

AI Peña  M Barrio  JJ Becerra  LA Quintela  PG Herradón 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2007,42(5):471-478

A 4-year-old Basque Shepherd male dog was presented for breeding soundness evaluation after the dog failed to impregnate the three bitches he had mated. Clinical examination showed no anomaly of the reproductive system. Semen evaluation showed normal sperm count (640 x 10(6)), 80% had progressively motile spermatozoa, and 96% had morphologically abnormal sperm of which 84% had proximal cytoplasmic droplet and 12% had proximal droplet plus other anomaly. A zona pellucida-binding assay, using canine oocytes derived from frozen-thawed ovaries, was performed in order to investigate the zona-binding ability of dog spermatozoa with proximal cytoplasmic droplets. For the zona pellucida-binding assay, ovaries were thawed and minced in phosphate-buffered saline + 0.4% bovine serum albumin, the oocytes recovered were divided into two groups of 35-40 oocytes to be, respectively, used with the infertile dog and with a control fertile dog. Spermatozoa were capacitated in Canine Capacitating Medium (CCM) at 38.5 degrees C and 5% CO(2) in air for 2 h before oocyte insemination. Groups of five to six oocytes placed in 45 microl droplets of CCM were incubated for 1 h. Afterwards, 5 microl of CCM containing 25,000 spermatozoa were added to each droplet and co-incubated for 2 h before fixation and evaluation of the complexes. After oocyte insemination, sperm motility and viability were evaluated: the sample from the infertile dog had 85% sperm motility with fast and linear progressive movement, and sperm viability of 92%. The sample from the control dog showed 40% sperm motility with fast and highly curvilinear and erratic movement, high degree of sperm agglutination and sperm viability of 32%. For the infertile dog the mean number of bound spermatozoa/oocyte was 0.33 whereas for the control dog it was 1.80. It was concluded that dog sperm with proximal cytoplasmic droplets seem to lack normal capacitating ability in vitro, and consequently, they may have reduced capacity to bind to the zona pellucida of canine oocytes.  相似文献   

Rapid evaluation of metapopulation persistence in highly variegated landscapes     

Michael Drielsma  Simon Ferrier 《Biological conservation》2009,142(3):529-1627

The loss, alteration and fragmentation of faunal habitat affects the ability of species to persist in the landscape. Effective management and reconstruction of habitat to enhance species persistence needs to be informed by organism-centric approaches to evaluating alternative habitat scenarios. Such approaches need to be founded on sound ecological theory, be capable of integrating knowledge of dynamic ecological processes with data on the distribution and quality of habitat in spatially complex landscapes, and yet be simple and efficient enough for broad application.We describe a new methodology - rapid evaluation of metapopulation persistence (REMP) - that integrates a cost-benefit approach to measuring landscape connectivity, using continuously variable (i.e. raster) habitat surfaces, with existing analytical techniques for determining the metapopulation capacity of a given landscape and for predicting occupancy patterns within this landscape. By adapting these existing techniques to work with raster data structures REMP is particularly well-suited to analysis of highly variegated landscapes. REMP produces results rapidly using best-available habitat suitability mapping and a limited set of parameters defining species movement abilities and habitat area requirements. These parameters can be estimated from expert knowledge when no empirical data are available. The approach has been successfully integrated into landscape scenario development and evaluation systems, supporting conservation planning for native fauna in NSW, Australia.  相似文献   

Prevalence of dental and mandibular disorders in culled sheep in Spain     

M Ruiz de Arcaute  LM Ferrer  D Lacasta  JM González  M De las Heras  M Borobia  JJ Ramos 《Australian veterinary journal》2020,98(9):438-441

At the slaughterhouse, 1465 culled sheep heads were studied in order to identify disorders of the mandibular cheek teeth. Of these, 227 (15.5%) had evidence of osteomyelitis. The lesional profile showed that the mandible was affected in a similar proportion on both sides (46.7% on the right side vs 50.7% on the left side), mainly in the middle region (55.3%) and with most of the lesions closed without fistulisation (89.4%). In addition, swelling was palpable, with an increase in thickness in the area of the affected body (2.65 ± 0.065 cm vs 1.74 ± 0.030 cm). In 78.6% of the animals, the regional lymph nodes were enlarged. Concerning the mandibular cheek teeth, more than half of the animals lacked at least one tooth (57.0%), with the first premolar being the most frequently missing tooth (34.8%) and the third molar the least (8.2%). The impaction of food around the teeth was very common with the posterior molars being more frequently affected. In the knowledge of the authors, this is the first study that analyses the prevalence of mandibular molar and premolar disorders in sheep, and these are revealed as an important condition affecting culled sheep.  相似文献   

Serial Transrectal Ultrasonography for Monitoring the Reproductive Activity of the Asiatic Black Bear (Ursus thibetanus ussuricus)          下载免费PDF全文

HG Kang  DH Jeong  JJ Yang  BK Lee  JY Kong  JW Lee  IH Kim 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2015,50(1):149-158

This study evaluated the structural changes in the reproductive tract of Asiatic black bears using serial transrectal ultrasonography. In addition, the ultrasonographic observations were compared with the results of vaginal cytology and hormonal analyses. The collection of blood for hormonal analysis, vaginal cytology and transrectal ultrasonography was performed in two bears (Bears 1 and 2) from June 2011 to August 2013 without mating and in a third bear (Bear 3) from April to December 2012, allowing natural mating. Serial ultrasonographic observations showed cyclic changes in ovarian structures (e.g. emergence of small follicles, growth and ovulation of dominant follicles and corpus luteum (CL) formation) during the reproductive cycles of the three bears. The diameter of the uterine horns remained similar throughout the reproductive cycle in Bears 1 and 2, and it remained similar from April until October, but an enlargement containing foetuses was observed in Bear 3 in December. The ultrasonographic observations were consistent with the data obtained through vaginal cytology and progesterone analysis during the reproductive cycle. An average of 4.0 (±0.4) dominant follicles was observed during the oestrous stage (May‐August), during which the superficial cells accounted for >90% of the total vaginal cells. In addition, the detection of an average of 2.6 (±0.2) CL was associated with increased plasma progesterone concentrations (3.0 ± 0.4 ng/ml) between June and December (near hibernation). In conclusion, serial transrectal ultrasonography demonstrated yearly oestrous (ovulation) cycles via follicular dynamics and CL formation on ovaries, accordingly with vaginal cytology and hormonal level in the Asiatic black bear.  相似文献   

Changes in soil and stream hydrochemistry during periods of spring snowmelt at a pristine site in mid-Norway     

Robert C. Ferrier  James S. Anderson  John D. Miller  Nils Christophersen 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1989,44(3-4):321-337

A detailed study of hydrochemical changes during spring snowmelt was undertaken at a pristine site in mid-Norway. The composition of catchment outflow water reflects hydrological pathways through different soil horizons and the contribution of pre-event or long-residence time water. There was evidence of secondary snowpack elution and ionic enrichment of water collected below the organic horizons. The observed time lag in commencement of BC soil horizon flow indicated that during the initial stages of the melt, water did not penetrate the deeper mineral horizons, or that initially the soil was not at field capacity. Increased soil and surface thawing is proposed as an important mechanism affecting the routing and subsequent chemical alteration of soil water leachate. The relative importance of elution, pathways, and dilution processes within the study catchment is discussed and a scenario for the effects of winter anthropogenic inputs at this pristine site is presented.  相似文献   

Cassini imaging of Jupiter's atmosphere,satellites, and rings     

Porco CC  West RA  McEwen A  Del Genio AD  Ingersoll AP  Thomas P  Squyres S  Dones L  Murray CD  Johnson TV  Burns JA  Brahic A  Neukum G  Veverka J  Barbara JM  Denk T  Evans M  Ferrier JJ  Geissler P  Helfenstein P  Roatsch T  Throop H  Tiscareno M  Vasavada AR 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,299(5612):1541-1547

The Cassini Imaging Science Subsystem acquired about 26,000 images of the Jupiter system as the spacecraft encountered the giant planet en route to Saturn. We report findings on Jupiter's zonal winds, convective storms, low-latitude upper troposphere, polar stratosphere, and northern aurora. We also describe previously unseen emissions arising from Io and Europa in eclipse, a giant volcanic plume over Io's north pole, disk-resolved images of the satellite Himalia, circumstantial evidence for a causal relation between the satellites Metis and Adrastea and the main jovian ring, and information on the nature of the ring particles.  相似文献   

Uptake of selenium by freshwater phytoplankton     

Riedel  Gerhardt F.  Ferrier  Dorothea P.  Sanders  James G. 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1991,(1):23-30

The uptake of three forms of Se, selenate, selenite and selenomethionine, was examined in three species of freshwater algae, Anabaena flos-aquae (Cyanophyceae), Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Chlorophyceae), and Cyclotella meneghiania (Bacillariophyceae) in a defined medium using radiotracers at Se concentrations representative of contaminated systems. Based on the relative accumulation by live vs. heat-killed cells, and linear accumulation through time, selenate accumulation by all three species appears to be a physiological process. However, selenite accumulation at these concentrations appears to be due largely to sorption rather than active uptake, as shown by rapid initial accumulation and the fact that accumulation by heat-killed cells was nearly equal to that of dead cells. Both selenate and selenite uptake rates increased linearly with concentration over the range of 1 to 50 µg L^–1. Selenomethionine uptake is a biological process with saturable uptake kinetics (K_s ranging from about 2 to 30 µg L^–1 Se), with much greater uptake rates than the other two forms, and little inactive sorbtion to heat-killed cells.  相似文献   

Vertebrate-type intron-rich genes in the marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii     

Raible F  Tessmar-Raible K  Osoegawa K  Wincker P  Jubin C  Balavoine G  Ferrier D  Benes V  de Jong P  Weissenbach J  Bork P  Arendt D 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,310(5752):1325-1326

Previous genome comparisons have suggested that one important trend in vertebrate evolution has been a sharp rise in intron abundance. By using genomic data and expressed sequence tags from the marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii, we provide direct evidence that about two-thirds of human introns predate the bilaterian radiation but were lost from insect and nematode genomes to a large extent. A comparison of coding exon sequences confirms the ancestral nature of Platynereis and human genes. Thus, the urbilaterian ancestor had complex, intron-rich genes that have been retained in Platynereis and human.  相似文献