竹醋液对食品污染菌的抗菌作用的研究     

常雅宁  俞建瑛  倪炜  沃袅平 《林产化学与工业》2005,25(4):83-85

首先确定大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和黄曲霉菌的最佳稀释度,分别为10^7、10^5和10^5倍。探讨了在最佳稀释度下,竹醋液的抑制与杀灭菌类的作用。通过最低抑菌浓度、最低杀菌浓度和抑菌圈的研究发现,竹醋液对黄曲霉菌作用最强,大肠杆菌次之,金黄色葡萄球菌相对最差。最低抑菌浓度3者依次为7．5、25和30μl／mL。最低杀菌浓度3者依次为10、30和35μl／mL。  相似文献   

Comparisons of antifeedancy and spatial repellency of three natural product repellents against horn flies,Haematobia irritans (Diptera: Muscidae)          下载免费PDF全文

Junwei J Zhu  Gary J Brewer  David J Boxler  Kristina Friesen  David B Taylor 《Pest management science》2015,71(11):1553-1560

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Conservation tillage systems for sorghum production under semi‐arid conditions in India     

G. H. Friesen  G. R. Korwar 《国际虫害防治杂志》2013,59(4):364-366

Abstract

Field research was conducted near Hyderabad, India, during 1981 and 1982 to investigate zero‐tillage and reduced‐tillage systems for production of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.) under semi‐arid tropical conditions. Part of the investigation compared post‐seeding hand weeding and herbicide treatments for weed control efficacy. The results showed that shallow pre‐seeding tillage was just as effective as deep cultivations in producing high sorghum fodder and grain yields provided weeds were controlled after crop emergence. Both tillage regimes were more effective than a no tillage regime which received only a mixture of glyphosate and 2,4‐D prior to seeding. Post‐seeding weed control practices were essential to maintain high fodder and grain yields of sorghum. Hand weeding and inter‐row blade harrowing were more effective than atrazine applied pre‐emergence or 2,4‐D applied post‐emergence.  相似文献   

不同生境果园梨小食心虫各代成虫高峰期差异     

沈志杰  房明华  洪文英  刘涛  沃林峰  孙媛  蓝陈仪航  邓建宇 《植物保护》2021,47(3):222-225

梨小食心虫Grapholita molesta (Busck)是桃、梨果园中最重要的食心害虫之一,仅依据往年的发生期和田间为害特征来指导防治具有滞后性。而性信息素具有高效、专一性强的特点,可用于准确监测其成虫发生情况,以此推测成虫的卵高峰期和幼虫初孵期,科学地指导防治。本研究在3个不同生境果园中,利用性信息素监测梨小食心虫成虫周年发生动态。结果表明:2019年在杭州余杭地区3个不同生境果园,包括越冬代在内,平地桃园和平地梨园的梨小食心虫成虫发生7代,而坡地桃园只有6代。成虫始见于3月中旬,终见于10月下旬;3个果园由于生境不同,同一世代梨小食心虫高峰期发生时间和各世代高峰期间隔时间不尽相同。因此在不同生境果园利用性信息素监测梨小食心虫成虫发生动态,有助于指导果园的适期防治。  相似文献   

Effect of herbicides and annual weeds on the yield and seed quality of lathyrus (Lathyrus sativus L.)     

D. A. Wall  G. H. Friesen  D. Dryden 《Crop Protection》1988,7(6):372-377

Field research conducted over six location years has indicated that lathyrus (Lathyrus sativus L.) is a poor competitor with annual weed species. Failure to control annual weeds reduced lathyrus seed yields by 54–95%, depending on the weed species present and their density. Weed competition also reduced thousand-seed weight. Preplant soil-incorporated applications of trifluralin and postemergence applications of sethoxydim controlled wild oat (Avena fatua L.) and green foxtail (Setaria viridis (L.) Beav.). Trifluralin failed to control wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.), an important broad-leaved weed in western Canada, but this weed was controlled by both preplant soil-incorporated and postemergence applications of metribuzin. Lathyrus exhibited excellent tolerance to these herbicides, which are currently registered for use on high-acreage crops in Canada.  相似文献   

广东省连平县黄牛石自然保护区生态旅游SWOT分析及对策研究   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

沃燕红  徐正春 《福建林业科技》2006,33(1):192-196

以连平县黄牛石自然保护区为研究对象,运用SWOT分析法,分析了连平黄牛石自然保护区开展生态旅游的优势、劣势、机遇与挑战。并就连平黄牛石自然保护区开展生态旅游提出了具体对策。  相似文献   

Whole-genome QTL analysis of Stagonospora nodorum blotch resistance and validation of the SnTox4-Snn4 interaction in hexaploid wheat     

Abeysekara NS  Faris JD  Chao S  McClean PE  Friesen TL 《Phytopathology》2012,102(1):94-104

Necrotrophic effectors (also known as host-selective toxins) are important determinants of disease in the wheat-Stagonospora nodorum pathosystem. To date, five necrotrophic effector-host gene interactions have been identified in this system. Most of these interactions have additive effects while some are epistatic. The Snn4-SnTox4 interaction was originally identified in a recombinant-inbred population derived from a cross between the Swiss winter wheat cultivars 'Arina' and 'Forno' using the S. nodorum isolate Sn99CH 1A7a. Here, we used a recombinant-inbred population consisting of 121 lines developed from a cross between the hexaploid land race Salamouni and the hexaploid wheat 'Katepwa' (SK population). The SK population was used for the construction of linkage maps and quantitative trait loci (QTL) detection using the Swiss S. nodorum isolate Sn99CH 1A7a. The linkage maps developed in the SK population spanned 3,228 centimorgans (cM) and consisted of 441 simple-sequence repeats, 9 restriction fragment length polymorphisms, 29 expressed sequence tag sequence-tagged site markers, and 5 phenotypic markers. The average marker density was 6.7 cM/marker. Two QTL, designated QSnb.fcu-1A and QSnb.fcu-7A on chromosome arms 1AS and 7AS, respectively, were associated with disease caused by the S. nodorum isolate Sn99CH 1A7a. The effects of QSnb.fcu-1A were determined by the Snn4-SnTox4 interaction and accounted for 23.5% of the phenotypic variation in this population, whereas QSnb.fcu-7A accounted for 16.4% of the phenotypic variation for disease but was not associated with any known effector sensitivity locus. The effects of both QTL were largely additive and collectively accounted for 35.7% of the total phenotypic variation. The results of this research validate the effects of a compatible Snn4-SnTox4 interaction in a different genetic background, and it provides knowledge regarding genomic regions and molecular markers that can be used to improve Stagonospora nodorum blotch resistance in wheat germplasm.  相似文献   

Effect of feather meal on live animal performance and carcass quality and composition of growing-finishing swine   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Apple JK  Boger CB  Brown DC  Maxwell CV  Friesen KG  Roberts WJ  Johnson ZB 《Journal of animal science》2003,81(1):172-181

A total of 252 crossbred pigs were used in two experiments to determine the effect of feeding hydrolyzed feather meal (FM) during the growing-finishing period on animal performance, carcass composition, and pork quality. All pigs were blocked by weight, and dietary treatments were assigned randomly to pens within blocks. In Exp. 1, 24 pens were randomly assigned to one of three dietary treatments: 1) control corn-soybean meal starter, grower, and finisher diets devoid of FM; 2) control diets formulated with 3% FM; and 3) control diets formulated with 6% FM. During the starter phase, there was a quadratic decrease in average daily gain (P < 0.06) and gain:feed (P < 0.01) with increasing FM, and during the grower-II phase, gain:feed increased linearly (P < 0.07) with increasing FM inclusion level. However, dietary FM had no effects (P > 0.10) on performance during the grower-I phase, finisher phase, or in the overall trial. Moreover, carcasses from pigs fed 3% FM had greater (P < 0.05) average backfat depth than carcasses of pigs fed 0 and 6% FM, but FM did not affect (P > 0.10) ham or carcass lean composition. In Exp. 2, 24 pens were randomly allotted to one of four dietary treatments: 1) positive control corn-soybean meal-based starter, grower, and finisher diets; 2) negative control corn-soybean meal- and wheat middlings-based starter, grower, and finisher diets; 3) negative control diets formulated with 3% FM; and 4) negative control diets formulated with 6% FM. Dietary FM had no effect (P > 0.10) on average daily gain, average daily feed intake, or gain:feed during any phase of the experiment. Ham weight decreased linearly (P < 0.04), whereas ham lean weight increased linearly (P < 0.09), with increasing levels of FM in the diet. Pork from pigs fed 3% FM tended (quadratic effect, P < 0.10) to receive higher Japanese color scores than pork from pigs fed either negative control or 6% FM diets. Moreover, pork color became lighter (P c 0.08), less red (P < 0.001), and less yellow (P < 0.003) as FM level was increased in swine diets. Results from these two experiments indicate that as much as 6% FM can be incorporated into isolysinic diets of growing-finishing pigs without adversely impacting animal performance, carcass composition, or pork quality.  相似文献   

Influence of dietary protein level, amino acid supplementation, and dietary energy levels on growing-finishing pig performance and carcass composition   总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18  

Kerr BJ  Southern LL  Bidner TD  Friesen KG  Easter RA 《Journal of animal science》2003,81(12):3075-3087

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of feeding reduced-CP, AA-supplemented diets at two ambient temperatures (Exp. 1) or three levels of dietary NE (Exp. 2) on pig performance and carcass composition. In Exp. 1, 240 mixed-sex pigs were used to test whether projected differences in heat increment associated with diet composition affect pig performance. There were 10 replications of each treatment with four pigs per pen. For the 28-d trial, average initial and final BW were 28.7 kg and 47.5 kg, respectively. Pigs were maintained in a thermoneutral (23 degrees C) or heat-stressed (33 degrees C) environment and fed a 16% CP diet, a 12% CP diet, or a 12% CP diet supplemented with crystalline Lys, Trp, and Thr (on an as-fed basis). Pigs gained at similar rates when fed the 16% CP diet or the 12% CP diet supplemented with Lys, Trp, and Thr (P > 0.10). Pigs fed the 12% CP, AA-supplemented diet had a gain:feed similar to pigs fed the 16% CP diet when housed in the 23 degrees C environment but had a lower gain:feed in the 33 degrees C environment (diet x temperature, P < 0.01). In Exp. 2, 702 gilts were allotted to six treatments with nine replicates per treatment. Average initial and final BW were 25.3 and 109.7 kg, respectively. Gilts were fed two levels of CP (high CP with minimal crystalline AA supplementation or low CP with supplementation of Lys, Trp, Thr, and Met) and three levels of NE (high, medium, or low) in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement. A four-phase feeding program was used, with diets containing apparent digestible Lys levels of 0.96, 0.75, 0.60, and 0.48% switched at a pig BW of 41.0, 58.8, and 82.3 kg, respectively. Pigs fed the low-CP, AA-supplemented diets had rates of growth and feed intake similar to pigs fed the high-CP diets. Dietary NE interacted with CP level for gain:feed (P < 0.06). A decrease in dietary NE from the highest NE level decreased gain:feed in pigs fed the high-CP diet; however, gain:feed declined in pigs fed the low-CP, AA-supplemented diet only when dietary NE was decreased to the lowest level. There was a slight reduction in longissimus area in pigs fed the low-CP diets (P < 0.08), but other estimates of carcass muscle did not differ (P > 0.10). These data suggest that pigs fed low-CP, AA-supplemented diets have performance and carcass characteristics similar to pigs fed higher levels of CP and that alterations in dietary NE do not have a discernible effect on pig performance or carcass composition.  相似文献   

欧洲玉米螟赤眼蜂大面积防治甘蔗螟虫效果   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘文惠  郭明昉  韩诗畴  吴宏和  李丽英 《中国生物防治》1987,(4)

欧洲玉米螟赤眼蜂1983年引自美国,经多年观察研究,该蜂具有易繁殖、耐高温、雌性比高等优点。自1986年3月中旬至6月底,在广东省番禺县800亩蔗田放蜂9批,累计每亩放蜂量5.5万头,其寄生效果显著高于本地优势种拟澳洲赤眼蜂。  相似文献