Evaluation of poultry fat and blends of poultry fat with cold‐pressed flaxseed oil as supplemental dietary lipid sources for juvenile sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria)     

Erin Friesen  Shannon K Balfry  Brent J Skura  Michael Ikonomou  Dave A Higgs 《Aquaculture Research》2013,44(2):300-316

The objective of this study was to access the suitability of using poultry fat (PF) or blends of PF with flaxseed oil (FO) to replace 75% of the supplemental anchovy oil (AO) in the diet of juvenile sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria), a relatively new marine species to aquaculture. Sablefish were fed one of four diets twice daily to satiation for 15 weeks. The test diets were identical in composition except for the source of supplemental lipid which was either 100% AO (100AO), or had 75% of the supplemental AO replaced with 50% FO:25% PF, 25% FO:50% PF or 75% PF. Sablefish growth parameters, whole body and fillet proximate constituent concentrations, and apparent digestibility coefficients were uninfluenced by diet treatment. There were also no adverse effects of the diet treatments on fish health, as determined from analysis of various haematological and innate immunological parameters. Terminal fillet fatty acid compositions generally reflected the dietary fatty acid compositions. Results indicated that PF or blends of PF and FO may comprise 75% of the supplemental lipid in a grower diet for sablefish and are an economic alternative to AO while still providing humans with a rich dietary source of highly unsaturated fatty acids.  相似文献   

不同种类蔬菜苗期对镉的敏感性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘传娟  刘凤枝  蔡彦明  王玲  沃飞  刘申 《农业环境科学学报》2009,28(9)

产地环境中镉(Cd)对蔬菜的影响主要表现为蔬菜可食部分超标,高浓度时影响其生长发育,基于评述蔬菜幼苗对Cd的敏感性是按其对Cd的吸收累积量来排序,累积Cd量越高定义为该蔬菜幼苗对Cd越敏感,采用水培方法,探讨了Cd对小白菜(叶菜)、黄瓜、豇豆(果菜)和萝卜(根菜)幼苗吸收累积量及生长发育的影响.结果表明,蔬菜幼苗根和茎叶中累积Cd量均随Cd处理浓度的增加而显著增加(P<0.05).同一处理浓度下根中Cd含量远高于茎叶中Cd含量,根和茎叶对Cd的累积强弱顺序也即蔬菜苗期对Cd的敏感性排序为小白菜>萝卜>黄瓜>豇豆;随Cd浓度增加,叶片中叶绿素含量降低,过氧化氢酶(CAT)含量升高;蔬菜出苗率、幼苗根长、植株鲜重显著降低.  相似文献   

猪β防御素-2基因在HEK293T细胞中的表达   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王微  解民  吴凌娟  靳慧君  韩冬梅  仲飞 《河北农业大学学报》2009,32(1)

用Trizol试剂提取猪血白细胞总RNA,根据已发表的序列设计引物,采用RT-PCR方法扩增出猪β防御素-2(pBD-2)基因,并将该基因插入到真核表达载体pcDNA3.1A中,构建成猪β防御素-2基因的真核表达载体pcDNA3.1A/pBD-2,经磷酸钙介导转染HEK293T细胞进行表达。结果表明:本试验扩增的pBD-2基因与已发表的序列完全一致。表达产物经Western-blot检测,证明pBD-2能够在真核细胞HEK293T中表达。  相似文献   

小兴安岭两种林型的土壤有机碳研究     

沃晓棠  田松岩  韩丽冬  邵英男  刘玉龙 《水土保持研究》2014,21(5):13-17,23

为阐明小兴安岭两种原始红松林土壤有机碳变化特征及其影响机制,采样分析了云冷杉红松林与椴树红松林土壤总有机碳、易氧化碳、微生物生物量碳及土壤理化性质。结果表明:两种林型土壤总有机碳、易氧化碳、微生物生物量碳含量垂直分布特征一致,均自上向下逐渐减少;土壤总有机碳与易氧化碳含量表现为:云冷杉红松林 < 椴树红松林,同海拔高度变化（云冷杉红松林 < 椴树红松林）一致（仅10—20 cm土层,云冷杉红松林的两个因子高于椴树红松林,但差异不显著）,两种林型土壤微生物量碳含量的差异在不同土壤层次有所不同,但差异均不显著;两种林型间土壤活性碳占总有机碳比率的差异在不同土层无一致的规律性;两种活性碳、总有机碳与土壤全氮、C/N之间为显著（p < 0.05）或极显著（p < 0.01）正相关,与土壤容重呈极显著负相关（p < 0.01）。  相似文献   

Influence of terrestrial lipid and protein sources and activated carbon‐treated fish oil on levels of persistent organic pollutants and fatty acids in the flesh of Atlantic salmon          下载免费PDF全文

Erin N Friesen  Brent J Skura  Michael G Ikonomou  Åage Oterhals  Dave A Higgs 《Aquaculture Research》2015,46(2):358-381

Reductions in flesh contaminant concentrations were evaluated in a 36‐week feeding trial examining several dietary techniques. Atlantic salmon were fed one of seven dietary treatments for 24 weeks. These diets included a fishmeal, fish oil control diet, an industry control diet, three diets that examined a 75% replacement level of anchovy oil (AO) with flaxseed oil, canola oil and poultry fat, and two diets formulated to be low in contaminants formulated with canola oil, activated carbon‐treated anchovy oil and canola protein concentrate or soy protein concentrate. Following this initial 24‐week feeding interval, a 12‐week finishing diet was utilized to restore the levels of omega‐3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (n‐3 HUFAs). The salmon had marked reductions in their flesh concentrations of total polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dioxin‐like PCBs and total toxic equivalents by the end of the grow‐out phase, but also exhibited significant depressions in their flesh concentrations of n‐3 HUFAs relative to 100AO‐fed fish. The 12‐week finishing diet period was effective in partially re‐instating omega‐3 levels to those present in the flesh lipids of fish fed 100AO while concurrently maintaining lower flesh contaminant concentrations.  相似文献   

扎龙湿地近50年温度和降水年际变化分析   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1  

沃晓棠  黄智超  孙彦坤  玄明君  王鼎震 《东北农业大学学报》2010,41(5)

研究基于扎龙湿地1955～2004年逐日气温和降水量资料,采用滑动平均、趋势分析、小波变换和Mann-Kendall检验等方法,探讨了扎龙湿地近50年的气候变化特征。结果表明,研究时段内扎龙湿地年及四季平均气温均呈上升的趋势,年平均气温在1988年发生了一次明显的突变,其后气温达到一个更显著的增暖时期,90年代以来的增温非常显著,该时期是50年以来的最高温期。扎龙湿地年及各季降水量除春季外均呈减少趋势,以秋季降水减少最为明显,研究时段内无明显的突变过程。扎龙湿地未来几年气候存在着向暖干期变化的可能性。  相似文献   

太湖地区水稻土大孔隙的CT扫描分析与灰色关联评价     

沃飞  陈效民  方堃  吴华山 《土壤》2008,40(2):319-326

利用CT扫描技术分析了太湖地区3种典型水稻土(白土、黄泥土和乌栅土)中大孔隙的孔隙度、大孔隙数量、孔隙平均面积和孔隙等效直径的变异系数在不同深度的分布情况及影响因素.结合灰色关联理论,定量地说明在不同深度下发生大孔隙优先流的难易程度及决定因素.结果表明:表层大孔隙优先流的形成能力最强,并随着深度加大呈波浪式下降趋势且变化平缓.在0～55 cm深度,黄泥土大孔隙优先流的形成能力最强,乌栅土其次,白土最弱;55 cm以下,无法明显区分出3种土壤这种能力的强弱.乌栅土地区地下水受到污染的潜在危险最大.大孔隙度和等效直径的变异系数对优先流的产生影响最大.  相似文献   

胶州湾鱼类群落优势种组成的时空变化   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3  

沃佳  徐宾铎  薛莹  任一平  张崇良 《中国水产科学》2017,24(5):1091-1098

优势种对群落结构有明显的控制作用,但优势度作为一个综合指标在不同时空尺度下的变异性常常被忽略。根据2008―2012年在胶州湾进行的渔业资源调查数据,以相对重要性指数(index of relative importance,IRI)表征鱼类种类优势度,应用bootstrap和多元线性回归模型(the multiple linear regression model)等方法分析了该海域的优势种组成及其在年份、季节、海区间的变化。结果表明,优势种有明显更替,六丝钝尾虾虎鱼(Chaeturichthys hexanema)和方氏云鳚(Pholis fangi)等小型底层鱼类更替为主要优势种,2008―2012年间分别占总渔获量的9.79%和10.71%,优势度分别为3285和2068;优势种存在明显季节变化,春季为方氏云鳚,夏季为细条天竺鲷(Apogonichthys lineatus),秋季和冬季是六丝钝尾虾虎鱼;空间上,湾口和湾内优势种组成相似,与湾外差异较大。多元线性回归分析表明,主要优势种中方氏云鳚优势度逐年升高,而六丝钝尾虾虎鱼相对下降,年际差异极显著(P0.01),呈现明显的群落演替过程。优势度主要受洄游产卵、水温、底质类型、水深以及饵料生物等因素的综合影响。  相似文献   

Quantitative Trait Loci Analysis and Mapping of Seedling Resistance to Stagonospora nodorum Leaf Blotch in Wheat     

Liu ZH  Friesen TL  Rasmussen JB  Ali S  Meinhardt SW  Faris JD 《Phytopathology》2004,94(10):1061-1067

ABSTRACT Stagonospora nodorum leaf blotch is an economically important foliar disease in the major wheat-growing areas of the world. In related work, we identified a host-selective toxin (HST) produced by the S. nodorum isolate Sn2000 and determined the chromosomal location of the host gene (Snn1) conditioning sensitivity to the toxin using the International Triticeae Mapping Initiative mapping population and cytogenetic stocks. In this study, we used the same plant materials to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with resistance to fungal inoculations of Sn2000 and investigate the role of the toxin in causing disease. Disease reactions were scored at 5, 7, and 10 days postinoculation to evaluate changes in the degree of effectiveness of individual QTL. A major QTL was identified on the short arm of chromosome 1B, which coincided with the snn1 toxin-insensitivity gene. This locus explained 58% of the phenotypic variation for the 5-day reading but decreased to 27% for the 10-day reading, indicating that the toxin is most effective in the early stages of the interaction. In addition, relatively minor QTL were identified on chromosomes 3AS, 3DL, 4AL, 4BL, 5DL, 6AL, and 7BL, but not all minor QTL were significant for all readings and their effects varied. Multiple regression models explained from 68% of the phenotypic variation for the 5-day reading to 36% for the 10-day reading. The Chinese Spring nullisomic 1B tetrasomic 1D line and the Chinese Spring-Triticum dicoccoides disomic 1B chromosome substitution line, which were insensitive to SnTox1, were more resistant to the fungus than the rest of the nullisomictetrasomic and disomic chromosome substitution lines. Our results indicate that the toxin produced by isolate Sn2000 is a major virulence factor.  相似文献   

The role of supplementary dietary antioxidants on immune response in puppies     

Khoo C  Cunnick J  Friesen K  Gross KL  Wedekind K  Jewell DE 《Veterinary therapeutics : research in applied veterinary medicine》2005,6(1):43-56

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementary antioxidants (AOX) and whey protein on the immune function health of puppies. Four groups of 10 puppies were fed a control and 3 different test foods (control + antioxidants (AOX), control + AOX + 1% whey protein, and a grocery brand (low AOX)) for 6 weeks. A standard vaccination protocol with a combination canine parvovirus (CPV) and distemper (CDV) vaccine was carried out at 2 and 4 weeks. The results showed that animals on high AOX foods had significantly increased titers, memory cells and serum E concentrations compared to the control and groc groups respectively.  相似文献