Nine months postpartum weight retention predictors for Brazilian women     

Kac G  Benicio MH  Velásquez-Meléndez G  Valente JG 《Public health nutrition》2004,7(5):621-628

OBJECTIVE: To identify factors potentially associated with weight retention measured 9 months after childbirth. DESIGN: Prospective study with four follow-up waves in time (0.5, 2, 6 and 9 months postpartum). SETTING: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Two hundred and sixty-six Brazilian women of childbearing age. Analysis was based on hierarchical logistic regression. The dependent variable was weight retention and was defined as the difference between weight at 9 months postpartum and pre-pregnancy weight, with a dichotomised cut-off at 7.5 kg. Covariates included demographic and socio-economic data, obstetric history, anthropometric data, and data on the infant. These data were grouped in blocks and ordered according to their influence on the dependent variable. RESULTS: Of the women studied, 19.2% presented weight retention values > or =7.5 kg. According to the logistic regression analysis, the following variables remained associated with weight retention > or =7.5 kg: total family income, difficulty or inability to read a letter, age category > or =30 years, age at first childbirth <23 years, gestational weight gain > or =12 kg, body fat at baseline > or =30% and infant birth weight <3500 g. Infant hospitalisation was only marginally significant. CONCLUSIONS: Determinant factors identified by the analysis highlight the need for nutritional intervention policies during pregnancy and in the first months postpartum as a way of minimising obesity and the diseases resulting from it.  相似文献   

Evaluation of platelet-rich plasma applied in the coronary band of healthy equine hooves     

Sarah Raphaela Torquato Seidel  Anderson Fernando de Souza  Joice Fülber  Paulo Moreira Bogossian  Nubia Nayara Pereira Rodrigues  Raquel Yvonne Arantes Baccarin 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2021,62(7):729

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a widely used hemocomponent that holds great promise in equine medicine due to its feasible production and regenerative therapy potential. Its use has been considered as a treatment for chronic laminitis, mainly in terms of its analgesic properties and because it can induce growth in affected hooves. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect on hoof growth attributable to PRP applied in the coronary band of clinically healthy horses by comparing the responses to PRP, saline, and trimming alone. After randomization, the forelimbs of 9 horses received specific treatment at intervals of 33 days and were trimmed, measured, and radiographed at the same time. Neither hoof growth nor hoof angles were different between the treatment groups at any time point. The application of PRP in the coronary band of horses may be a safe procedure; however, it had no effect on the growth or conformation of hooves in clinically healthy horses.  相似文献   

Relative condition factor and parasitism in anostomid fishes from the floodplain of the Upper Paraná River, Brazil     

Guidelli G  Tavechio WL  Takemoto RM  Pavanelli GC 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,177(1-2):145-151

Individuals of four species of Leporinus were captured in the floodplain of the Upper Paraná River and their metazoan parasites were collected. Fifty-eight taxa of ectoparasites and endoparasites were recorded: 31 in Leporinus lacustris, 32 in Leporinus friderici, 28 in Leporinus obtusidens and 25 in Leporinus elongatus. The aim of this paper was to study the relationship between the host's condition and the parameters of infrapopulations and infracommunities. The health of the host was represented by the relative condition factor (Kn). Richness and number of individuals in the infracommunities of ectoparasites covariated with the Kn of the hosts in one species of fish. Some infrapopulations of ectoparasites covariated negatively and/or the mean Kn of parasitized individuals was lower than those without parasites. The abundance in some infrapopulations of endoparasites covariated positively with the Kn and/or the mean Kn of parasitized fish was better. These results may be related to different transmission strategies used by ecto and endoparasites.  相似文献   

Urban sustainable agriculture: The paradox of the chinampa system in Mexico City     

Torres-Lima  Pablo  Canabal-Cristiani  Beatriz  Burela-Rueda  Gilberto 《Agriculture and Human Values》1994,11(1):37-46

Agriculture and Human Values - Although the chinampa agriculture in Mexico City is considered an historical sustainable farming system,there have been few studies on its current status. This paper...  相似文献   

Signals from chloroplasts converge to regulate nuclear gene expression   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Koussevitzky S  Nott A  Mockler TC  Hong F  Sachetto-Martins G  Surpin M  Lim J  Mittler R  Chory J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,316(5825):715-719

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Planting time as a tactic to manage the small rice stink bug, Oebalus poecilus (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae), in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil     

Gilberto S. Albuquerque 《Crop Protection》1993,12(8):627-630

Field studies throughout the year focused on the life history of the small rice stink bug, Oebalus poecilus, in southern Brazil. In addition, laboratory experiments examined the bug's life cycle and photoperiodic responses. Adults remain dormant during most of the year. Although activity is restricted to the period between November and March, four generations can develop in each rice-growing season, and populations can reach economically harmful levels. Late-planted rice, however, escapes attack because diapause is induced during early March. The results indicate that delaying and restricting the time of rice planting can be an effective pest management tactic in Rio Grande do Sul, because it results in asynchrony between the pest and the crop.  相似文献   

Neoliberal restructuring, neoregulation, and the Mexican poultry industry     

Francisco Martinez-Gomez  Gilberto Aboites-Manrique  Douglas H. Constance 《Agriculture and Human Values》2013,30(4):495-510

The US poultry industry based on flexible accumulation has been advanced as the model of agro-industrial development for agrifood globalization. Similarly, Mexico has been presented as a noteworthy example of the negative effects of neoliberal restructuring associated with the globalization project. In this paper we use both of these assertions as points of departure to guide an investigation of the case of the restructuring of the Mexican poultry industry. Informed by a commodity systems analysis, archival data and key informant interviews are used to generate an overview of the history of the poultry industry in Mexico. A sociology of agrifood theoretical framework informed by regimes theory is employed to analyze the events of the case. We conclude that neoregulation related to the IMF and NAFTA restructuring in Mexico facilitated the diffusion of the US model of poultry production.  相似文献   

How learning to read changes the cortical networks for vision and language     

Dehaene S  Pegado F  Braga LW  Ventura P  Nunes Filho G  Jobert A  Dehaene-Lambertz G  Kolinsky R  Morais J  Cohen L 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2010,330(6009):1359-1364

Does literacy improve brain function? Does it also entail losses? Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we measured brain responses to spoken and written language, visual faces, houses, tools, and checkers in adults of variable literacy (10 were illiterate, 22 became literate as adults, and 31 were literate in childhood). As literacy enhanced the left fusiform activation evoked by writing, it induced a small competition with faces at this location, but also broadly enhanced visual responses in fusiform and occipital cortex, extending to area V1. Literacy also enhanced phonological activation to speech in the planum temporale and afforded a top-down activation of orthography from spoken inputs. Most changes occurred even when literacy was acquired in adulthood, emphasizing that both childhood and adult education can profoundly refine cortical organization.  相似文献   

Assessment of spermatogenesis and plasma sex steroids in a seasonal breeding teleost: a comparative study in an area of influence of a tributary, downstream from a hydroelectric power dam, Brazil     

Fabricio F. T. Domingos  Ralph G. Thomé  Fabio P. Arantes  Antonio Carlos S. Castro  Yoshimi Sato  Nilo Bazzoli  Elizete Rizzo 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2012,38(6):1709-1719

River damming and building of hydroelectric power plants interrupt the reproductive migration routes and change the major physicochemical parameters of water quality, with drastic consequences for populations of migratory fishes. The goal of this study was to evaluate proliferation and cell death during spermatogenesis and serum profiles of sex steroids in Prochilodus argenteus, from the S?o Francisco River, downstream from the Três Marias Dam. A total of 257 adult males were caught quarterly during a reproductive cycle in two sites: the first 34?km of the river after the dam (site 1) and the second 34–54?km after the dam (site 2), after the confluence with a tributary, the Abaeté River. Seasonal changes in the testicular activity associated with morphometric analyses of germ cells as well as proliferation and testicular apoptosis support a more active spermatogenesis in fish from site 2, where higher levels of sex steroids and gonadosomatic index (GSI) were also found. In site 1, fish presented low serum levels of testosterone, 17β-estradiol and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone and a low GSI during gonadal maturation. Spermatogonial proliferation (PCNA) and apoptosis (TUNEL) were more elevated in fish from site 1, but spermatocytes were mainly labelled in fish from site 2. Overall, these data demonstrate changes in testicular activity and plasma sex steroids in a neotropical teleost fish living downstream from a hydroelectric dam, supplying new data on fish reproduction in regulated rivers. Moreover, morphometric analyses associated with sex steroids profiles provide reliable tools to assess fish spermatogenesis under environmental stress conditions.  相似文献   

Recursive diameter prediction and volume calculation of eucalyptus trees using Multilayer Perceptron Networks     

Fabrízzio Alphonsus A.M.N. Soares  Edna Lúcia FlôresChristian Dias Cabacinha  Gilberto Arantes CarrijoAntônio Cláudio Paschoarelli Veiga 《Computers and Electronics in Agriculture》2011,78(1):19-27

A major challenge in forest management is the ability to quickly and accurately predict bole volume of standing trees. This study presents a new model that uses Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) artificial neural networks for predicting tree diameters values. The model requires three diameter measures at the base of the tree, and recursively predicts other diameter measures. The predicted diameters allow for calculating tree volume using the Smalian method. The performance of the proposed model was satisfactory when compared with data obtained from tree scaling and volume equations.  相似文献