Variation in the level of grain defect light flecks and spots on cattle hides.     

O Nafstad  H Gr?nst?l 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2001,42(1):91-98

The occurrence of hide damage light flecks and spots was determined on tanned hides from 28 herds during a period of 8 to 12 months. Light flecks and spots are described as small areas of grain loss up to 3 mm in diameter that are seen on dyed crust cattle leather. Damage was found on 75.8% of all hides. The neck and shoulders were the anatomical region with the highest prevalence of damage. Sixty-eight per cent of all hides had light flecks and spots in this region. The forelimbs and dewlap were the anatomical region with the second highest occurrence with a prevalence of 39.1%. This distribution corresponded to the known distribution of lice in cattle. No significant differences were observed in age, sex, prevalence of lice in the herd assessed in March or infestations with different lice species. The frequency of light flecks and spots varied significantly during the year. The frequency was highest in the late winter and early spring, decreased significantly during the summer and was lowest in the autumn. This variation supported the importance of lice in the development of light flecks and spots and suggested a relatively long healing period for the damages induced by lice.  相似文献   

Immunohistochemical detection of scrapie prion proteins in clinically normal sheep in Pennsylvania.   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

H Kim  K I O'Rourke  M Walter  H G Purchase  J Enck  T K Shin 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2001,13(1):89-91

Following diagnosis of scrapie in a clinically suspect Suffolk sheep, 7 clinically normal flockmates were purchased by the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture to determine their scrapie status using an immunohistochemical procedure. Two of the 7 euthanized healthy sheep had positive immunohistochemical staining of the prion protein of scrapie (PrP-Sc) in their brains, nictitating membranes, and tonsils. The PrP-Sc was localized in the areas of the brain where, histopathologically, there was neurodegeneration and astrocytosis. The PrP-Sc occurred within germinal centers of the affected nictitating membranes and tonsils and was located in the cytoplasm of the dendrite-like cells, lymphoid cells, and macrophages. These results confirm that immunohistochemical examination of the nictitating membrane can be used as a screen for the presence of scrapie infection in clinically normal sheep at a capable veterinary diagnostic laboratory. In sheep with a PrP-Sc-positive nictitating membrane, the diagnosis of scrapie should be confirmed by histopathology and immunohistochemical examination of the brain following necropsy. Following full validation, immunohistochemistry assays for detection of PrP-Sc in nictitating membrane lymphoid tissues can improve the effectiveness of the scrapie control and eradication program by allowing diagnosis of the disease in sheep before the appearance of clinical signs.  相似文献   

Postovulatory Effect of Intravenous Administration of Lipopolysaccharide (Escherichia coli, O55:B5) on the Endocrine Status of Recently Ovulated Sows     

AM Mwanza  A Madej  H Kindahl  N Lundeheim  & S Einarsson 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2001,36(3-4):157-161

The effects of lipopolysaccharide ( Escherichia coli , O55:B5), administered 18 h after ovulation in the second oestrus after weaning on the hormonal profiles in 14 Swedish cross-bred (Landrace × Yorkshire) multiparous sows were studied. The endotoxin group (E-group) sows were administered with 300 ng/kg of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) whereas the control group (C-group) sows were administered 5 ml of saline intravenously via an indwelling jugular cannula. Blood samples for hormonal analyses were collected from all sows until slaughter. In the E-group, progesterone, cortisol and prostaglandin F_2α metabolite levels increased significantly (p < 0.05) following LPS compared with the C-group. It can be concluded from this study that apart from elevating cortisol and prostaglandin F_2α metabolite, LPS also elevates progesterone levels.  相似文献   

Immunohistochemical demonstration of calcitonin gene-related peptide and chromogranin A in C cells of sheep thyroid.     

H M Okada 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1991,53(1):149-151

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Antibody directed against Marek's disease-associated tumor surface antigen can be eluted from Marek's disease tumor cells.     

H K Pradhan  G C Mohanty  W Y Lee  B Patnaik 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》1991,29(3-4):229-238

Antibody directed against Marek's disease-associated tumor surface antigen (MATSA) was eluted from tumor cells of lymphomas and peripheral blood lymphocytes that were isolated from Marek's disease virus-infected chickens. Feather follicular Marek's disease virus (MDV) antigen could not be demonstrated with this antibody by indirect immunofluorescent (IF) staining. Monoclonal antibody directed against MATSA could completely block the activity of eluted antibody and vice versa. By indirect IF staining using eluted antibody and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labelled antichicken globulin conjugate. MATSA-bearing cells were detected in MDV infected and herpes virus of turkey (HVT) vaccinated birds. Blocking of immunoglobulin molecules present on B-cells by anti-chicken globulin is critical in this test.  相似文献   

DOES KETAMINE PROVIDE ADEQUATE VISCERAL ANALGESIA WHEN USED ALONE OR IN COMBINATION WITH ACEPROMAZINE,DIAZEPAM, OR BUTORPHANOL IN CATS?     

D.C. Sawyer  R.H. Rech  R.A. Durham 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》1991,18(Z1):381-381

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Fluid accumulation in mouse ligated intestine inoculated with the vascular permeability factor produced by Bacillus cereus.   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

K Shinagawa  K Sato  H Konuma  N Matsusaka  S Sugii 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1991,53(2):167-171

Partially purified vascular permeability (VP) factor (VPF) of Bacillus cereus induced fluid accumulation in the ligated intestinal loops of mouse (MIL) and rabbit (RIL), suggesting that the VP activity may correlate with fluid accumulation in ligated intestinal loops of these animals. Fluid accumulation was observed at 6-8 hr in 55-67% of mouse intestinal loops inoculated with 40-50 immunodiffusion units (IDU) of partially purified VPF, whereas it was found at 2 hr in all loops with 400-600 IDU of partially purified VPF. In rabbit intestinal loops with 120-190 IDU of partially purified VPF, fluid accumulation was observed at 6 hr. From these findings, VPF produced by B. cereus can be easily detected in both MIL and RIL. The intestinal tissue of mouse intestinal loops was histopathologically damaged at different concentrations of the VPF to induce fluid accumulation. With 50 IDU of partially purified VPF, severe edema was found in the laminia proprial layer and submucosa. With 600 IDU of partially purified VPF, on the other hand, severe necrosis in the surface epithelium of villus and laminia proprial layer, and hyperemia in the submucosa were observed, suggesting that partially purified VPF may be cytotoxic and/or intestinecrotic.  相似文献   

Recent advances in filtered-air positive-pressure (FAPP) housing for the production of disease-free chickens     

B W Mitchell  C W Beard  H W Yoder 《Avian diseases》1989,33(4):792-800

Design and performance information on a filtered-air positive-pressure (FAPP) housing system for disease-free poultry flocks is presented. The system includes many special features that result in excellent biological security, easy cleanup and maintenance, efficient control of environment, and a centralized alarm in the event of problems. The system has now housed eight flocks without any major problems. Based on its performance thus far, it should be useful as a reliable housing system for disease-free poultry.  相似文献   

Efficacy of anthelmintics in horses     

H Manners 《The Veterinary record》1989,125(23):584-585

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Intraperitoneal Circulation and Drainage in the Dog   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

GISELLE HOSGOOD BVSc  MS  FACVSc    S. KATHLEEN SALISBURY DVM  MS  DiplomateACVS    H. DAN CANTWELL DVM  MS  DiplomateACVR  DENNIS B. DENICOLA DVM  PhD  DiplomateACVP 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1989,18(4):261-268

The patterns of dispersion and drainage of a low viscosity, oil-based contrast medium within the peritoneal cavity were examined in 12 normal dogs. Intraperitoneal injection of contrast medium was cranial or caudal and drainage was by the sump-Penrose or open peritoneal method. Radiographs were made over a 96 hour period, before and after peritoneal drainage was established. Each dog was euthanatized and necropsied. The contrast medium was dispersed throughout the peritoneal cavity 15 to 30 minutes after cranial injection and 1 to 2 hours after caudal injection. Most of the contrast medium drained within 6 hours after open peritoneal drainage and within 24 to 48 hours after sump-Penrose drainage. At necropsy, there was complete encasement of all sump-Penrose drains and partial occlusion of all open peritoneal incisions by omentum adhered to the abdominal wound edges. Peritonitis was not grossly evident, but all dogs showed histologic evidence of an acute inflammatory reaction associated with the drain or wound edge.  相似文献