Assessing the risk of disease introduction in imports     

Roberts H  Carbon M  Hartley M  Sabirovic M 《The Veterinary record》2011,168(17):447-448

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Understanding Phosphorus Mobility and Bioavailability in the Hyporheic Zone of a Chalk Stream     

Dan J. Lapworth  Daren C. Gooddy  Helen P. Jarvie 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2011,218(1-4):213-226

This paper investigates the changes in bioavailable phosphorus (P) within the hyporheic zone of a groundwater-dominated chalk stream. In this study, tangential flow fractionation is used to investigate P associations with different size fractions in the hyporheic zone, groundwater and surface water. P speciation is similar for the river and the chalk aquifer beneath the hyporheic zone, with ??dissolved?? P (<10 kDa) accounting for ~90% of the P in the river and >90% in the deep groundwaters. Within the hyporheic zone, the proportion of ??colloidal?? (<0.45 ??m and >10 kDa) and ??particulate?? (>0.45 ??m) P is higher than in either the groundwater or the surface water, accounting for ~30% of total P. Our results suggest that zones of interaction within the sand and gravel deposits directly beneath and adjacent to river systems generate colloidal and particulate forms of fulvic-like organic material and regulate bioavailable forms of P, perhaps through co-precipitation with CaCO₃. While chalk aquifers provide some degree of protection to surface water ecosystems through physiochemical processes of P removal, where flow is maintained by groundwater, ecologically significant P concentrations (20?C30 ??g/L) are still present in the groundwater and are an important source of bioavailable P during baseflow conditions. The nutrient storage capacity of the hyporheic zone and the water residence times of this dynamic system are largely unknown and warrant further investigation.  相似文献   

Parent's responses to nutrient claims and sports celebrity endorsements on energy-dense and nutrient-poor foods: an experimental study     

Dixon H  Scully M  Wakefield M  Kelly B  Chapman K  Donovan R 《Public health nutrition》2011,14(6):1071-1079

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Predictors of increasing waist circumference in an Australian population     

Walls HL  Magliano DJ  McNeil JJ  Stevenson C  Ademi Z  Shaw J  Peeters A 《Public health nutrition》2011,14(5):870-881

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Effects of surgery on free and total 25 hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in dogs     

Dylan N. Clements  Gemma Bruce  John M. Ryan  Ian G. Handel  Ioannis L. Oikonomidis  Adam G. Gow  Helen Evans  Susan Campbell  Emma Hurst  Richard J. Mellanby 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2020,34(6):2617-2621

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Pharmacokinetic profiles of meloxicam after single IV and PO administration in Bilgorajska geese     

Irene Sartini  Beata Łebkowska-Wieruszewska  Andrzej Lisowski  Amnart Poapolathep  Helen Owen  Mario Giorgi 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2020,43(1):26-32

The purpose of this study was two-fold: I) to determine the pharmacokinetic profile of meloxicam (MLX) in geese after intravenous (IV) and oral (PO) administration and II) to assess tissue residues in muscle, heart, liver, lung, and kidney. Ten clinically normal female Bilgorajska geese were divided into two groups (treated, n = 8; control, n = 2). Group 1 underwent a 3-phase parallel study with a 1-week washout period. In phase I, animals received MLX (0.5 mg/kg) by IV administration; the blood was collected up to 48 hr. In phases II and III geese were treated orally at the same dosage for the collection of blood and tissue samples, respectively. Group 2 served as control. After the extraction procedure, a validated HPLC method with UV detection was used for plasma and organ analysis. The plasma concentrations were quantifiable up to 24 hr after both the administrations. The elimination phase of MLX from plasma was similar in both the administration groups. The clearance was slow (0.00975 L/hr*Kg), the volume of distribution small (0.0487 L/kg), and the IV half-life was 5.06 ± 2.32 hr. The average absolute PO bioavailability was 64.2 ± 24.0%. Residues of MLX were lower than the LOQ (0.1 µg/kg) in any tested tissue and at any collection time. The dosage used in this study achieved the plasma concentration, which provides analgesia in Hispaniolan Amazon parrots for 5 out of 24 hr after PO administration. MLX tissue concentrations were below the LOD of the assay in tissue (0.03 µg/ml). A more sensitive technique might be necessary to determine likely residue concentrations in tissue.  相似文献   

Fucoidan and Lung Function: Value in Viral Infection     

J. Helen Fitton  Ah Young Park  Samuel S. Karpiniec  Damien N. Stringer 《Marine drugs》2021,19(1)

Compromised lung function is a feature of both infection driven and non-infective pathologies. Viral infections—including the current pandemic strain SARS-CoV-2—that affect lung function can cause both acute and long-term chronic damage. SARS-CoV-2 infection suppresses innate immunity and promotes an inflammatory response. Targeting these aspects of SARS-CoV-2 is important as the pandemic affects greater proportions of the population. In clinical and animal studies, fucoidans have been shown to increase innate immunity and decrease inflammation. In addition, dietary fucoidan has been shown to attenuate pulmonary damage in a model of acute viral infection. Direct inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro has been described, but is not universal. This short review summarizes the current research on fucoidan with regard to viral lung infections and lung damage.  相似文献   

Assessing general combining ability for gangrene resistance by means of a glasshouse seedling test   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

J. E. Bradshaw  R. L. Wastie  Helen E. Stewart 《Potato Research》1996,39(1):179-183

Summary A seedling progeny test for resistance to gangrene (Phoma foveata) was used to evaluate progenies from a 15×15 half diallel set of crosses, including 14 selfs and 25 reciprocal crosses, which was originally made to investigate the inheritance of resistance to late blight and cyst nematodes. Nine out of the 14 selfs were more susceptible than the crosses involving their parents, so that overall the selfs were slightly more susceptible than the crosses, thus providing evidence of non-additive gene action in favour of resistance. However, when the selfs were omitted from the analysis, all of the variation between progenies could be attributed to differences in the General Combining Abilities (GCAs) of their parents. The four parents with the best GCAs for gangrene resistance all had sizeable contributions fromSolanum tuberosum subsp.andigena in their pedigrees.  相似文献   

Comparative susceptibility of some potato cultivars to dry rot caused byFusarium sulphureum andF. solani var.coeruleum     

R. L. Wastie  Helen E. Stewart  J. Brown 《Potato Research》1989,32(1):49-55

Summary The susceptibility of 15 potato cultivars to dry rot caused byFusarium sulphureum andf. solani var.coeruleum was examined over 8 years. Tubers were wounded, inoculated, incubated at 10°C for 7–8 weeks and the size of the rot assessed.F. sulphureum was the more aggressive species. There was little correlation between the rank order of susceptibility of the cultivars to the two pathogens, but a higly significant correlation between years. Two years' tests are deemed sufficient to assess susceptibility to both species.  相似文献   

Leaching of solutes and sloughing of potato tuber tissue     

W. C. Davis  D. J. Le Tourneau  Mary V. Zaehringer  Helen H. Cunningham 《American Journal of Potato Research》1973,50(2):35-41

Thin slices of tissue from low (1.075–1.078 and high (1.092–1.094) specific gravity tubers were soaked in distilled water (100g/250ml) for 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 hours. Following the soak periods, the soak water and remaining tissues were separated and analyzed. Analyses of the soak water included pH, electrical conductivity, total solids, K, P and citric acid. The tissue analyses included total ash, alkalinity of ash, Ca, Mg, total N and phytate P. Other tissue samples were soaked the same periods of time and used to evaluate the amount of sloughing that occurred during cooking. All constituents studied diffused into the water during the soak periods. The greatest loss from the slices occurred in the first 2 to 3 hours and were similar for both specific gravity groups. After 6 hours the average amounts of material in the soak water were: total solids — 23%, P — 68%, phytate P —55%, K — 71%, total ash — 62%, total nitrogen — 56%, Ca — 35% and Mg —50%. Citric acid diffused into the soak water during the first 3 hours and the amount in the water then decreased. This apparent change may be due to metabolism of the acid. The sloughing of tissue decreased with the length of the soak period. The decrease in sloughing was highly correlated (P<1 %) with the length of the soak period, increases in electrical conductivity of the soak water, and with the leaching of all constituents measured.  相似文献