Assessment of myocardial function in the horse. 1. Theoretical and technical considerations.     

C M Brown  J R Holmes 《Equine veterinary journal》1979,11(4):244-247

The paper discusses the various parameters which are currently used in attempts to assess the contractile efficiency of the myocardium in various species. These procedures depend upon accurate recording of intracavity pressure. The response of a catheter-mounted microtransducer compared with a fluid-filled catheter manometer system is illustrated to show the advantage of the former in providing a true representation of pressure changes.  相似文献   

Tail docking of dogs     

Holmes JL 《The Veterinary record》2002,150(25):792

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DNA testing for copper toxicosis in Bedlington terriers     

Holmes NG  Binns MM  Herrtage ME 《The Veterinary record》2000,146(25):739

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Genomic typing of Streptococcus uberis isolates from cases of mastitis, in New Zealand dairy cows, using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis     

Douglas VL  Fenwick SG  Pfeiffer DU  Williamson NB  Holmes CW 《Veterinary microbiology》2000,75(1):27-41

Three hundred and forty-two Streptococcus uberis isolates were cultured from milk samples from subclinical and clinical cases of dairy cattle mastitis. The samples were collected from 15 different New Zealand farming regions, including eight specific farms, during field research trials and veterinary diagnostic investigations. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was used to determine and compare the degree of genetic dissimilarity between the restriction endonuclease fragment pattern of the 342 New Zealand and a single United States S. uberis isolate. The 343 isolates exhibited 330 different restriction endonuclease fragment patterns. The United States isolate had a pattern unlike any of the New Zealand isolates. Most of the isolates were genetically different strains (pattern deferred by at least 33%), but identical patterns were noted within the same or different quarters of an individual cow, different cows within the same farm, and from different cows from the same or different districts, farming regions or islands. Seven of the eight selected farms had at most only one pair of isolates with banding patterns, which differed by less than 33%. A high degree of dissimilarity was noted in individual herds in which all the samples were collected on the same day or over a 2-year period. The high degree of dissimilar isolates is an indication that S. uberis infections in New Zealand dairy cattle are largely due to the opportunistic nature of the organism in the cows' environment. Prevention and treatment of S. uberis mastitis will therefore need to be directed at a multitude of different strains present throughout the country as well as in individual herds.  相似文献   

Endothelin receptor alterations in equine airway hyperreactivity          下载免费PDF全文

Changaram S. Venugopal  Sumanth Polikepahad  Earnestine P. Holmes  John Vanden Heuvel  Tara L. Leas    Rustin M. Moore 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2006,70(1):50-57

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Risk factors associated with excess body weight in dogs in the UK     

K. L. Holmes  P. J. Morris  Z. Abdulla  R. Hackett  J. M. Rawlings 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2007,91(3-4):166-167

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Gudair^TM vaccine: enhanced safety instructions     

Martin Holmes 《Australian veterinary journal》2006,84(5):N10-N10

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Sedative and analgesic effects of medetomidine in beagle dogs infected and uninfected with heartworm     

Venugopalan  C.S.  Holmes  E.P.  Crawford  M.P.  Kearney  M.J.  Fucci  V. 《Veterinary research communications》1998,22(2):97-106

The sedative and analgesic effects of medetomidine were evaluated in heartworm-infected (HW+) and uninfected (HW–) beagle dogs by intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM) administration of 30 µg/kg and 40 µg/kg doses, respectively. Posture, response to noise and the pedal reflex were monitored. A procedure for mock radiographic positioning was performed to evaluate its overall clinical use. Observation times were 0, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 min. In addition, the times from injection until the dog could not stand on its feet (down time), from lateral to sternal recumbency (sternal recumbency time), and from sternal recumbency to rising again (rising time) were also noted.Medetomidine produced rapid sedation and analgesia by both routes. Down times for the IM and IV routes were similar, which verified the manufacturer's recommended doses. The HW+ dogs had shorter down times, probably owing to increased blood flow to the brain caused by adrenergic alpha-2 activity. Sternal recumbency and rising times did not differ between the groups, suggesting a similar metabolism. Sedation and analgesia were adequate for performing the procedure in all dogs. HW– dogs showed less resistance to handling during the procedure than HW+ dogs. Overall, medetomidine seems to be a suitable agent for short-term chemical restraint in dogs, even with subclinical heartworm infestation.  相似文献   

The effect of dietary protein on the pathogenesis of acute ovine haemonchosis     

E. M. Abbott  J. J. Parkins  P. H. Holmes 《Veterinary parasitology》1986,20(4):275-289

Two experiments were conducted to examine the ifluence of dietary proteins on parasite establishment and pathogenesis in Finn Dorset/Dorset Horn lambs infected with Haemonchus contortus. The lambs were introduced to high (169 g) or low (88 g crude protein (CP) kg⁻¹ dry matter (DM)) protein diets at 3 months of age and infected 1 month later with 350 larvae kg⁻¹ body weight (BW). Blood and faecal smaples were collected for analysis and body weights recorded weekly. In the first experiments some of the infected lambs were killed 6 weeks after infection and the remainder 5 weeks later. In the second experimental all the infected lambs were killed 4 weeks after infection.

The results showed that lambs on a low protein diet were less able to withstand the pathogenic effects of infection with 350 H. contortus larvae kg⁻¹ BW than lambs given the higher protein diet. Thus mortality was greater in the low protein group and adverse clinical signs, such as inappetance, weight loss and oedema were osbserved more frequently. This group also had a more severe anaemia, hypoproteinaemia and hypoalbuminnaemia than the high protein group. In contrast, faecal egg counts, total daily faecal egg output and worm burdens were similar in all groups of infected lambs, indicating that the diets did not influence parasite establishment.  相似文献   

Pathophysiology of the periparturient egg rise in sheep: the role of prolactin     

I A Jeffcoate  G Fishwick  K Bairden  J Armour  P H Holmes 《Research in veterinary science》1990,48(3):295-300

The involvement of prolactin in the periparturient rise in the faecal nematode egg count in sheep was investigated. Ostertagia circumcincta larvae (5000 third stage larvae three times weekly) were administered to adult immune ewes from three weeks before parturition to three weeks afterwards. Ten ewes were injected twice daily with 2-bromo-alpha-ergocryptine (bromocriptine), an antagonist of prolactin secretion, for two weeks starting two days after lambing while 10 ewes remained untreated. Bromocriptine treatment was initiated approximately two weeks pre partum in three other ewes. Plasma pepsinogen concentrations rose significantly by one week after the start of O circumcincta larval challenge in all the ewes but faecal egg counts remained negative until approximately one week post partum. Plasma prolactin concentration was reduced to a very low level in all bromocriptine treated ewes but this did not alter the dynamics of the periparturient rise in faecal egg counts. Neither cell-mediated nor humoral immunity of the ewes, as assessed by their sensitivity to BCG inoculation and by antibody titre raised against horse red blood cells, respectively, were impaired during the rise in faecal egg count, nor were these parameters altered by manipulation of plasma prolactin concentration. Lamb growth rate was not retarded by low plasma prolactin concentration in the bromocriptine treated ewes. These results are not consistent with the generally held hypothesis that elevated plasma prolactin concentration is directly associated with the periparturient rise.  相似文献