Distinctive antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects of flavonols     

Wang L  Tu YC  Lian TW  Hung JT  Yen JH  Wu MJ 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(26):9798-9804

The antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects of flavonols have been suggested to be structure-related. Results revealed that selected flavonols, including fisetin (F), kaempferol (K), morin (MO), myricetin (MY), and quercetin (Q), exhibited distinctive free radical scavenging properties against different kinds of free radicals. The H donation (DPPH bleaching) potential was Q > F approximately equals MY > MO > K, indicating that the presence of a 3',4'-catechol moiety in the B ring correlated with high activity. The 4'-OH in the B ring was suggested to be important for reducing xanthing/xanthine oxidase-generated superoxide; while an additional OH moiety on the ortho sites (3' or 5') attenuated the effect as the observed inhibitory potency was K approximately equals MO > Q > F > MY. The relative inhibitory effect for Fenton-mediated hydroxyl radical was K approximately equals MO approximately equals Q > F > MY. This result implies the involvement of 4-keto, 5-OH region in Fe++ chelating and the negative effect of pyrogallol moiety in the B ring. Similar to the inhibitory activity against a N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (f-MLP)-stimulated oxidative burst in human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), our result showed that the structural peculiarity of the di-OH in the B ring obviously rendered F, Q, and MO more potent as ROS inhibitors than MY and K, which have tri- and mono-OH in the B ring, respectively. All of the previous data indicated that the structure prerequisite to reinforce the free radical scavenging activity varies with the type of free radical. We further analyzed the effects of flavonols on nitric oxide (NO) production in endotoxin-stimulated murine macrophages, RAW264.7 cells. Results showed that all flavonols (up to 10 microM) inhibited NO production without exerting detectable cytotoxicity. F, K, and Q dose-dependently repressed iNOS mRNA expression and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production, in part through an attenuating NF-kappaB signaling pathway. This result indicates that flavonols, despite structural similarity, have different antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects.  相似文献   

A comparison of biodistribution between 111In-DTPA octreotide and 111In-DOTATOC in rats bearing pancreatic tumors     

Lin YC  Hung GU  Luo TY  Chen CH  Hsia CC  Hen SL  Ho YJ  Lin WY 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(4):367-371

111In-DTPA octreotide (DTPAOC) has been used for detecting somatostatin receptor positive tumor for years. In-111 DOTA-Tyr3-octreotide (DOTATOC) is newly developed for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. In this study, we compared the biodistribution and tumor uptake ratio after injection of In-111 DTPAOC and In-111 DOTATOC in rats. Twelve rats bearing pancreatic tumors were divided into two groups: six rats were sacrificed at 4 hr after injection of 3.7 MBq of In-111 DTPAOC and another 6 rats were sacrificed at the same time after injection of 3.7 MBq of In-111 DOTATOC. Samples of various organs were obtained and counted to calculate the tissue concentration. In addition, 12 rats bearing pancreatic tumors were scanned at 4, 24, and 48 hr after injection of 37 MBq of In-111 DTPAOC or In-111 DOTATOC. The tumor uptake ratios (T/N ratio) were calculated. The biodistribution data showed that the activity in the tumor as well as in the kidney was significantly higher in the In-111 DOTATOC group than in the In-111 DTPAOC group, although both radiopharmaceuticals had the expected high affinity to the tumor. The T/N ratios in the In-111 DOTATOC group were also significantly higher than those in the In-111 DTPAOC group at 24 hr after injection. We conclude that In-111 DOTATOC showed lower clearance than In-111 DTPAOC in the rats bearing pancreatic tumors, although both of these radiopharmaceuticals showed expected high tumor uptake.  相似文献   

Apoptosis‐Related Protein Expression During Pre‐ and Post‐Natal Testicular Development After Administration of Glucocorticoid in utero in the Sheep     

G Pedrana  MH Viotti  E Souza  D Sloboda  GB Martin  D Cavestany  HH Ortega 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2013,48(5):795-802

Pre‐natal glucocorticoids are used in women at risk of preterm delivery to induce foetal lung maturation. However, glucocorticoids can produce negative outcomes for other tissues such as the reproductive system. We therefore tested the effects of pre‐natal betamethasone on testicular morphology and apoptotic protein immune expression during pre‐ and post‐natal development. Pregnant ewes (n = 42) bearing singleton male foetuses were randomly allocated to receive intramuscular injections of saline or betamethasone (0. 5 mg/kg) at 104, 111 and 118 days of gestation (DG). Testes were collected at 121 and 132 DG, and at 45 and 90 post‐natal days (PD) and subjected to morphometric analysis (volume densities of sex cords and interstitial tissues; sex cord diameter). Immunohistochemistry (% stained area) was used to assess active caspase‐3, Bax, Bcl‐2 and cell‐cycle proteins (PCNA). Compared with control values, betamethasone treatment decreased sex cord diameter at 121 DG, 45 and 90 PD, and sex cord volume at 90 PD. Active caspase‐3 was decreased by betamethasone at 121 DG and 90 PD, but Bax was increased in all betamethasone groups. Bcl‐2 and PCNA decreased in the betamethasone groups at 121 DG and 45 PD, but increased at 132 DG and 90 PD. We conclude that high levels of pre‐natally administered glucocorticoid reduce foetal testicular development, perhaps via changes in the balance between pro‐ and anti‐apoptotic proteins and cell‐cycle proteins. These outcomes could compromise the future spermatogenic potential of male offspring.  相似文献   

Delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid formed by proline dehydrogenase from the Bacillus subtilis ssp. natto expressed in Escherichia coli as a precursor for 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline     

Huang TC  Huang YW  Hung HJ  Ho CT  Wu ML 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(13):5097-5102

Proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) catalyzes the biosynthesis of Delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid (P5C). The Bacillus subtilis subsp. natto gene for the proline dehydrogenase (BnPRODH) was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the clone revealed an open-reading frame that encodes 302 amino acid polypeptide with a calculated molecular mass of 34.5 kDa. The deduced amino acid sequence showed sequence similarity to bacterial PRODH and PutA of E. coli. The BnPRODH gene was cloned into pET21b and was expressed at a high level in E. coli BL21(DE3). The expressed protein was purified by using nickel ion affinity column chromatography to homogeneity before characterization. The purified recombinant BnPRODH was used to produce P5C. Model system composed of P5C and methylglyoxal was set up to study the formation of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline. Our data showed that P5C, derived from the conversion of l-proline by the purified recombinant PRODH, might react directly with methylglyoxal to form 2-AP. P5C/methylglyoxal pathway represents the first report of a biological mechanism by which 2-AP may be synthesized in vitro by PRODH.  相似文献   

Intakes of fruits, vegetables and carbohydrate and the risk of CVD     

Joshipura KJ  Hung HC  Li TY  Hu FB  Rimm EB  Stampfer MJ  Colditz G  Willett WC 《Public health nutrition》2009,12(1):115-121

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Efficacy of Azadirachta excelsa vinegar against Plutella xylostella     

Esterlinda Sapindal  Patricia Jie Hung King 《国际虫害防治杂志》2018,64(1):39-44

The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is considered a major pest for crucifers in Malaysia. New control materials are constantly required as P. xylostella population develops resistance to most of the insecticides used against them. In this study, vinegar derived from Azadirachta excelsa (Jack) Jacobs was evaluated against the third-instar larvae of P. xylostella and an appropriate application dose required to control the pest was determined in the laboratory trial. Results indicated A. excelsa vinegar to be a useful control measure, significantly reducing P. xylostella leaf consumption and adult size of P. xylostella. Interestingly, mortality rate of larval, pupae and adult was significantly increased by the application of A. excelsa vinegar. An in-diet EC₅₀ of 80× against larvae was achieved, whilst obvious defects in adult moth were also recorded. The results indicate that A. excelsa vinegar exhibits potential to be used against P. xylostella.  相似文献   

Do arsenate reductase activities and oxalate exudation contribute to variations of arsenic accumulation in populations of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pteris vittata</Emphasis>?     

Fuyong Wu  Feifei Xu  Xiaona Ma  Wanqing Luo  Laiqing Lou  Ming Hung Wong 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2018,18(11):3177-3185

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Soil-water retention behavior of compacted biochar-amended clay: a novel landfill final cover material     

James Tsz Fung Wong  Zhongkui Chen  Xunwen Chen  Charles Wang Wai Ng  Ming Hung Wong

《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2017,17(3):590-598

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Aspergillus awamori‐fermented mung bean seed coats enhance the antioxidant and immune responses of weaned pigs          下载免费PDF全文

D. N. Lee  Y. S. Hung  T. S. Yang  J. H. Lin  C. F. Weng 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2017,101(5):e342-e351

The potential benefits of Aspergillus‐fermented mung bean seed coats (FMSC) for weaned pigs remain unexplored. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments were employed to evaluate the potential of FMSC supplement on the growth, antioxidant and immune responses of weaned pigs. The total polyphenols and DPPH scavenging capability of ethanol extract of FMSC exhibited a greater (p < 0.01) increase than those of pre‐fermentation. With the addition of the polyphenol of FMSC extract, an increase in phagocytosis by neutrophils and proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were found. However, these observations were significantly inhibited (p < 0.05) in those activated cells. Next, 96 weaned pigs were allotted with a randomized complete block design into four dietary treatments, including 0 (control), 600, 1200 or 1800 mg/kg FMSC in a corn–soya bean meal basal diet for a 35‐day trial. The pigs were injected with swine enzootic pneumonia (SEP) vaccines at day 3 and day 21 respectively. The results showed that dietary treatment failed to affect growth performance or serum SEP titre. The diet supplemented with 600–1800 mg/kg FMSC decreased faecal lactoferrin on day 21 and increased plasma trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and erythrocytes catalase activity, as well as decreased (p < 0.01) plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration on day 35. Diet supplementation of 1800 mg/kg FMSC increased phagocytosis by neutrophils and PBMC proliferation induced by pokeweed mitogen (PWM). However, the polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN)‐positive respiratory burst cells were decreased in the supplementation of 1200 or 1800 mg/kg FMSC respectively. In addition, the serum haptoglobin concentration was decreased in the supplementation with 1200 mg/kg FMSC. Taken together, FMSC enriches polyphenols with antioxidative and immune modulated properties. After feeding FMSC, an improvement in antioxidative capability and immunocompetence was found, implying that FMSC could provide as a feed additive at optimal level 1200 mg/kg for weaned pigs.  相似文献   

A nested multiplex PCR for species-specific identification and detection of Botryosphaeriaceae species on mango   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Hui-Fang Ni  Hong-Ren Yang  Ruey-Shyang Chen  Ting-Hsuan Hung  Ruey-Fen Liou 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2012,133(4):819-828

Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Pat.) Griff. & Maubl, Neofusicoccum parvum Pennycook & Samuels, N. mangiferae Syd. & P. Syd., and Fusicoccum aesculi Corda, all anamorphs of Botryosphaeriaceae species, are the causal agents of mango stem-end rot and fruit rot in Taiwan. Identification of these fungal species based on morphology has not been easy due to their extensive plasticity for some of the morphological characters. To aid reliable identification of Botryosphaeriaceae species associated with mango fruits, four pairs of species-specific primers were designed according to sequences of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacers (ITS), and a rapid method was established based on nested multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in this study. To perform the analysis, PCR was first run with ITS1 and ITS4 as the primers, followed by a second PCR with the addition of all four sets of species-specific primers. With this method, a low limit of 100?fg^-1?pg of purified fungal DNA was detectable. It could also successfully detect L. theobromae, N. parvum, N. mangiferae and F. aesculi in total DNA extracted from inoculated mango fruits. This assay provides a rapid and sensitive method for the identification of Botryosphaeriaceae species and diagnosis of mango fruit rot and stem-end rot as well.  相似文献