A mutation in PRKAG3 associated with excess glycogen content in pig skeletal muscle   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

Milan D  Jeon JT  Looft C  Amarger V  Robic A  Thelander M  Rogel-Gaillard C  Paul S  Iannuccelli N  Rask L  Ronne H  Lundström K  Reinsch N  Gellin J  Kalm E  Roy PL  Chardon P  Andersson L 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2000,288(5469):1248-1251

A high proportion of purebred Hampshire pigs carries the dominant RN- mutation, which causes high glycogen content in skeletal muscle. The mutation has beneficial effects on meat content but detrimental effects on processing yield. Here, it is shown that the mutation is a nonconservative substitution (R200Q) in the PRKAG3 gene, which encodes a muscle-specific isoform of the regulatory gamma subunit of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Loss-of-function mutations in the homologous gene in yeast (SNF4) cause defects in glucose metabolism, including glycogen storage. Further analysis of the PRKAG3 signaling pathway may provide insights into muscle physiology as well as the pathogenesis of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in humans, a metabolic disorder associated with impaired glycogen synthesis.  相似文献   

Tangeretin reduces ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression in mouse epidermal cells by blocking mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation     

Yoon JH  Lim TG  Lee KM  Jeon AJ  Kim SY  Lee KW 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(1):222-228

The present study examined the effects of tangeretin, a polymethoxylated flavonone present in citrus fruits, on ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in JB6 P+ mouse skin epidermal cells. Tangeretin suppressed UVB-induced COX-2 expression and transactivation of nuclear factor-κB and activator protein-1 in JB6 P+ cells. Moreover, tangeretin blocked UVB-induced phosphorylation of Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38, and attenuated the phosphorylation of MAPK kinases 1/2, 3/6, and 4. Tangeretin also limited the endogenous generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby protecting the cells against oxidative stress. However, tangeretin did not scavenge the stable 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and influence the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activity. These results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effects of tangeretin stem from its modulation of cell signaling and suppression of intracellular ROS generation. Tangeretin may have a potent chemopreventive effect in skin cancer.  相似文献   

Natural Gradient Drift Tests for Assessing the Feasibility of In Situ Aerobic Cometabolism of Trichloroethylene and Evaluating the Microbial Community Change     

Chulyoon Ha  Namhee Kim  Hoowon Park  Soo Youl Kwon  Heung-Shick Lee  Ui Jeon Hong  Sunhwa Park  Sungpyo Kim  Young Kim 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2011,219(1-4):353-364

The objective of this study is to develop a method for using the single-well natural gradient drift test (SWNGDT) in the field to assess in situ aerobic cometabolism of trichloroethylene (TCE) and to analyze microbial community changes. The SWNGDT was performed in a monitoring well installed in a TCE-contaminated aquifer in Wonju, South Korea. The natural gradient drift biostimulation test (NGDBT) and surrogate test (NGDST) were performed by injecting dissolved solutes (bromide (a tracer), toluene (a growth substrate), ethylene (a nontoxic surrogate substrate to probe for TCE transformation activity), dissolved oxygen (DO, an electron acceptor), and nitrate (nutrient)) into the aquifer. Push?Cpull blocking tests (PPBT) were also performed to examine whether the monooxygenase of toluene oxidizers is involved in the degradation of toluene and the transformation of ethylene. Through the NGDBT, NGDST, and PPBT, we confirmed that the addition of toluene and oxygen in these field tests stimulated indigenous toluene utilizers to cometabolize aerobically TCE, with the following results: (1) the observed simultaneous utilization of toluene and DO; (2) the transformation of ethylene to ethylene oxide and propylene to propylene oxide; and (3) the transformation of TCE. Furthermore, the results of restriction fragment length polymorphism suggested that the microbial community shifts and the microbes capable of transforming TCE are stimulated by injecting the growth substrate, toluene.  相似文献   

Enhanced intergrain tunneling magnetoresistance in half-metallic CrO2 films     

HY Hwang  S Cheong 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1997,278(5343):1607-1609

Low-field tunneling magnetoresistance was observed in films of half-metallic CrO2 that were grown by high-pressure thermal decomposition of CrO3. High-temperature annealing treatments modified the intergrain barriers of the as-grown films through surface decomposition of CrO2 into insulating Cr2O3, which led to a threefold enhancement of the low-field magnetoresistance. This enhancement indicates the potential of this simple method to directly control the interface barrier characteristics that determine the magnetotransport properties.  相似文献   

Growth, stress tolerance and non-specific immune response of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus to probiotics in a closed recirculating system   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Yousuke Taoka  Hiroto Maeda  Jae-Yoon Jo  Min-Jee Jeon  Sungchul C. Bai  Won-Jae Lee  Kazuya Yuge  Shunsuke Koshio 《Fisheries Science》2006,72(2):310-321

ABSTRACT:   Effects of probiotics on growth, stress tolerance and non-specific immune response in Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus were evaluated in a closed recirculating system. Survival and growth of flounder treated by supplying commercial probiotics either in the diet (the probiotic diet group), or into the rearing water (the water supply group), were higher compared to the untreated group (the control group). Water quality parameters, pH, NH₄-N, NO₂-N and PO₄-P showed lower concentration in the probiotic diet group compared with the control group and the supply group. Plasma lysozyme activity in the probiotic diet group and the water supply group was significantly higher ( P  < 0.05) than that in the control group. In heat shock stress tests, flounder in the probiotics-treated groups showed greater heat tolerance (measured by 50% lethal time, LT50) than the control group. Pathogen challenge tests with Vibrio anguillarum (2 × 10⁷ c.f.u./mL) resulted in significantly higher survival in the probiotics-treated groups than the control group. Results indicated that probiotics supplied in the rearing water and the diet of fish enhanced the stress tolerance and the non-specific immune system of Japanese flounder, providing them a higher resistance against stress conditions and pathogens.  相似文献   

Eggshell apex abnormalities associated with Mycoplasma synoviae infection in layers     

Eun-Ok Jeon  Jong-Nyeo Kim  Hae-Rim Lee  Bon-Sang Koo  Kyeong-Cheol Min  Moo-Sung Han  Seung-Baek Lee  Yeon-Ji Bae  Jong-Suk Mo  Sun-Hyung Cho  Chang-Hee Lee  In-Pil Mo 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2014,15(4):579-582

Eggs exhibiting eggshell apex abnormalities (EAA) were evaluated for changes in shell characteristics such as strength, thickness, and ultrastructure. Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) infection was confirmed by serological assay along with isolation of MS from the trachea and oviduct. Changes in eggshell quality were shown to be statistically significant (p < 0.01). We also identified ultrastructural changes in the mammillary knob layer by Scanning Electron Microscopy. While eggs may seem to be structurally sound, ultrastructural evaluation showed that affected eggs do not regain their former quality. In our knowledge, this is the first report describing the occurrence of EAA in Korea.  相似文献   

Model development for surface drainage loading estimates from paddy rice fields     

Ji-Hong Jeon  Chun G. Yoon  Jong-Hwa Ham  Kwang-Wook Jung 《Paddy and Water Environment》2005,3(2):93-101

A field experiment was performed at two Korean research sites to evaluate water and nutrient behavior in paddy rice culture operations for 2 years. One site was irrigated with groundwater, whereas the other site was irrigated with surface water. Both sites received average annual rainfall of about 1,300 mm, and about 70–80% of it was concentrated during July–September coinciding with rice growing season. Although most of the nutrient outflow was attributed to plant uptake, nutrient loss by surface drainage was substantial. The simplified computer model, PADDIMOD, was developed to simulate water and nutrient behaviors in the paddy rice field. The model predicts daily ponded water depth, surface drainage, and nutrient concentrations. It was formulated with a few equations and simplified assumptions, but its application and a model fitness test indicated that the simulation results reasonably matched the observed data. It is a simple and practical planning model that could be used to evaluate nutrient loading from paddy rice fields alone or in combination with other complex watershed models. Further validation might be required for general application of the PADDIMOD to the simulation of paddy rice fields with various agricultural environments.  相似文献   

Identification of the DDAH2 Protein in Pig Reproductive Tract Mucus: A Putative Oestrus Detection Marker     

WY Lee  SY Chai  KH Lee  HJ Park  JH Kim  B Kim  NH Kim  HS Jeon  IC Kim  HS Choi  H Song 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2013,48(1):e13-e16

Precisely detecting oestrus is important for artificial insemination. The aims of this study were to identify oestrus‐specific sow mucus proteins to determine the optimal time for artificial insemination. The proestrous‐ and oestrous‐stage mucus proteins were purified and analysed with proteomic tools such as two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis and matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization–time‐of‐flight analyses. Among the differentially expressed proteins, the dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 2 (DDAH2) protein showed a 3.6‐fold increase during the proestrous stage compared to that during the oestrous stage. A western immunoblot study revealed that two of three sow mucus samples clearly showed negative anti‐DDAH2 antibody activity during the oestrous stage. This study demonstrated that the pig DDAH2 mucus protein exists during the proestrous stage, but not during the oestrous stage, suggesting that mucus DDAH2 could be useful as an oestrus detection marker.  相似文献   

Effect of gamma radiation on growth and lignin content in Brachypodium distachyon     

Man Bo Lee  Dae Yeon Kim  Woong Bae Jeon  Min Jeong Hong  Yong Jin Lee  Odgerel Bold  Ji Hee Jang  Yun Jeong Kim  Si Yong Kang  Dong Sub Kim  Jin Baek Kim  Jae Buhm Chun  Yong Weon Seo 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2013,16(2):105-110

Brachypodium distachyon has been highlighted as a model monocot plant with small genome and short life cycle. Biofuels are being developed as renewable energy sources to replace fossil fuels. Bioethanol production is negatively correlated with lignin content. Here, Brachypodium was acutely or chronically irradiated at doses of 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 Gy. The effect of radiation on plant growth and generation of mutant populations was explored. The lethal effect of radiation was higher in acutely irradiated M0 populations. A dose-dependent negative effect in plant height, tiller number, floral spikelet, and total seed number was observed, with a positive effect in days to heading. The phenotype of 1,773 M₁ plants was evaluated, with 417 plants being selected to construct the M₂ population. The 31 M₂ plants that showed the least staining with phloroglucinol were selected. These mutants could be useful materials for studies such as identification of nucleotide substitutions in genes involved in lignin biosynthesis pathway, monitoring of mutant physiological traits, and evaluation of fitness for bioethanol production. As biological resources, the M₂ populations generated in this work will contribute to studies of functional genomics of Brachypodium and to the breeding of grass crops.  相似文献   

Isothermal crystallization behavior of PAR/PBT composite prepared by island-in-a-sea fiber method     

Da Kyoung Yong  Han Yong Jeon  Jae Jung Yoo  Jung Nam Im  Seung Goo Lee 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(12):2122-2127

The PAR fiber reinforced PBT composite was manufactured using the PAR/PBT island-in-a-sea fiber. The isothermal crystallization kinetics of the PAR/PBT composite and the neat PBT resin were investigated in the temperature range of 187–199 °C. To calculate the Avrami parameters for analyzing the crystallization behavior, crystallization peaks were measured and analyzed in terms of the crystallization temperature and the inclusion of the PAR fiber. The crystallization rate of the PBT is faster than that of the PAR/PBT composite from the analysis of their relative crystallinity. Consequently, it is considered that the PAR fiber interrupted the crystal nucleation and growth of the PBT matrix. It can be confirmed with the crystallization half time and the crystalline morphologies at the chosen isothermal temperatures.  相似文献