多拉菌素在猪体内的药代动力学   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

张继瑜  李剑勇  周绪正  李金善  张梅  徐忠赞  李宏胜  胡俊杰 《畜牧兽医学报》2005,36(7):722-726

对多拉菌素在猪体内进行为期45d的药代动力学研究。长白×杜洛克杂交猪10头,临床健康,驱净寄生虫,体重36～50kg,以300μg/kg体重剂量分别通过静脉和肌肉注射给药。动物给药后在不同时间内分点经颈静脉采血。血浆样品用乙腈沉淀处理,上清液过C18富集柱,用甲醇提取多拉菌素并进行衍生化反应,以反向HPLC测定猪血清中的药物浓度。药代动力学参数用计算机程序MCPKP进行处理。结果表明,动物经静脉和肌肉注射给药后,血浆药物浓度分别可测至30d和25d,2种途径的药物浓度时间曲线均符合二室开放模型。主要药代动力学参数为:静脉注射T1/2α(1.092±0.66)d,T1/2β(6.11±2.73)d,AUC(274.19±119.89)μg/(L·d);肌肉注射T1/2α(0.056±0.022)d,T1/2β(3.20±1.34)d,AUC(223.51±65.20)μg/(L·d),CMAX(28.99±10.69)μg/L,Tp(1.24±0.87)d。多拉菌素肌肉注射的生物利用度为81.5%。结果显示多拉菌素在猪体内具有吸收分布较迅速、体内分布容积大、消除缓慢和生物利用度相对较高的特点,提示多拉菌素在猪体内作用的长效性主要由该化合物的自身特性所决定,而与给药途径和使用的溶剂关系不大,研究结果对指导临床正确用药具有重要意义。  相似文献   

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒S1基因和鸡Ⅱ型干扰素基因在重组鸡痘病毒中的共表达   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：5  

孙永科  田占成  王云峰  童光志  智海东  刘胜旺  王玫  杨增岐 《畜牧兽医学报》2005,36(8):800-806

将鸡Ⅱ型干扰素（ChIFNγ）基因和鸡传染性支气管炎病毒S1基因同时插人到鸡痘病毒转移载体中，构建含有这2个基因的鸡痘病毒转移载体pSY—ChIFNγS1。采用脂质体法将该质粒转染鸡痘病毒感染的鸡胚成纤维细胞（CEF），经过8轮蓝斑筛选，得到纯化的能够同时表达鸡Ⅱ型干扰素和鸡传染性支气管炎病毒S1基因的重组鸡痘病毒rFPV—ChIFNγS1。rFPV—ChIFNγS1接种28日龄的SPF鸡1周后，可以检测到针对传染性支气管炎病毒S1基因的ELISA抗体，重组病毒接种鸡的CD4^＋、CD8^＋和γδTCR阳性T淋巴细胞的百分比含量显著高于非免疫对照鸡（P％0．05）；免疫4周后用传染性支气管炎LX4强毒株攻击，rFPV—ChIFNγS1免疫组仅有1只出现轻微的呼吸道症状（1／16），而非免疫对照组则有16只发病（16／16），并有2只出现死亡（2／16），表明rFPV—ChIFNγS1对接种鸡可以产生良好的保护效果。  相似文献   

母牛一胎双犊技术的研究     

张居农  蒋学国  许斌  郭成宽  仇其山  李强  牛志宏  王安江  王凤娇  张建军  张选珠 《乳业科学与技术》2005,27(3):137-138

选择9头母牛先行人工授精、7天后再移植冷冻胚胎以生产双犊。试验结果表明,母牛产双犊达44.44%(P<0.01)。提示:采用A(I人工授精)+ET(胚胎移植)是提高母牛双犊率的有效技术措施之一。  相似文献   

核酸疫苗研究进展(下)     

江国托 《现代畜牧兽医》2005,(3):40-42

Sato等报道，在质粒载体上引入大肠杆菌Amp^ 抗性基因(内含有6核苷酸片段的ISS免疫增强序列)，真皮免疫小鼠后ISS增强CTL和Th1细胞的免疫反应。有人提出利用含有病毒免疫原性基因的基因大片段进行基因免疫，以弥补单基因免疫活性的不足。将协同因子如IL-2、IL-12、TCA等的表达质粒与抗原表达质粒混合注射可使Th1型细胞免疫增强，而GMcsf能明显加强体液免疫，  相似文献   

Amino acid profiles of rumen undegradable protein: a comparison between forages including cereal straws and alfalfa and their respective total mixed rations          下载免费PDF全文

B. Wang  L. S. Jiang  J. X. Liu 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(3):601-610

Optimizing the amino acid (AA) profile of rumen undegradable protein (RUP) can positively affect the amount of milk protein. This study was conducted to improve knowledge regarding the AA profile of rumen undegradable protein from corn stover, rice straw and alfalfa hay as well as the total mixed ratio diets (TMR) based on one of them as forage source [forage‐to‐concentrate ratio of 45:55 (30% of corn stover (CS), 30% of rice straw (RS), 23% of alfalfa hay (AH) and dry matter basis)]. The other ingredients in the three TMR diets were similar. The RUP of all the forages and diets was estimated by incubation for 16 hr in the rumen of three ruminally cannulated lactating cows. All residues were corrected for microbial colonization, which was necessary in determining the AA composition of RUP from feed samples using in situ method. Compared with their original AA composition, the AA pattern of forages and forage‐based diets changed drastically after rumen exposure. In addition, the extent of ruminal degradation of analysed AA was not constant among the forages. The greatest individual AA degradability of alfalfa hay and corn stover was Pro, but was His of rice straw. A remarkable difference was observed between microbial attachment corrected and uncorrected AA profiles of RUP, except for alfalfa hay and His in the three forages and TMR diets. The ruminal AA degradability of cereal straws was altered compared with alfalfa hay but not for the TMR diets. In summary, the AA composition of forages and TMR‐based diets changed significantly after ruminal exposure, indicating that the original AA profiles of the feed cannot represent its AA composition of RUP. The AA profile of RUP and ruminal AA degradability for corn stover and rice straw contributed to missing information in the field.  相似文献   

Methyl donors dietary supplementation to gestating sows diet improves the growth rate of offspring and is associating with changes in expression and DNA methylation of insulin‐like growth factor‐1 gene          下载免费PDF全文

Yang Zhao  Yuedong Xuan  Daolin Mou  Hong Liu  Pan Zhou  Zhengfeng Fang  Lianqiang Che  Shengyu Xu  Bin Feng  Jian Li  Xuemei Jiang  Yan Lin  De Wu 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(5):1340-1350

The study aimed to investigate the effects of maternal dietary methyl donors on the performance of sows and their offspring, and the associated hepatic insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) expression of the offspring. A total of 24 multiparous sows were randomly fed the control (CON) or the CON diet supplemented with methyl donors (MD) at 3 g/kg betaine, 15 mg/kg folic acid, 400 mg/kg choline and 150 μg/kg VB₁₂, from mating until delivery. After farrowing, sows were fed a common lactation diet through a 28‐days lactation period and six litters per treatment were selected to be fed until at approximately 110 kg BW. Maternal MD supplementation resulted in greater birthweight (p < 0.05) and increased the piglet weights (p < 0.01) and litter weights (p < 0.05) at the age of day 28, compared with that in CON group. The offspring pigs in the MD group had greater ADG (p < 0.05) and tended to lower F:G ratio (p = 0.07) compared with that of CON group from day 28 to 180 of age. The offspring pigs from MD group had greater serum IGF‐1 concentrations and expressions of hepatic IGF‐1 gene and muscular IGF‐1 receptor (IGF‐1r) protein at birth (p < 0.05), and greater hepatic IGF‐1 protein (p = 0.03) and muscular IGF‐1r gene expressions (p < 0.05) at slaughter, than that from the CON group. Moreover, the methylation at the promoter of IGF‐1 gene in the liver of newborn piglets and finishing pigs was greater in the MD group than that of the CON group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, maternal MD supplementation throughout gestation could enhance the birthweight and postnatal growth rate of offspring, associated with an increased expression of the IGF‐1 gene and IGF‐1r, as well as the altered DNA methylation of IGF‐1 gene promotor.  相似文献   

乙烯利对干旱胁迫下草地早熟禾生理指标的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

隋永超  冷暖  姜赫男  武雪  罗智浩  叶昊坤  冯玉宇  许立新 《草业科学》2018,35(4):822-828

以草地早熟禾(Poa pratensis)‘Nuglade'品种为试验材料,研究叶片喷施乙烯利对草地早熟禾在水分充足、干旱及复水恢复3种处理下叶片电解质渗透率、叶绿素、可溶性蛋白、丙二醛(MDA)等生理指标的影响。结果表明,乙烯利与对照组(CK)相比,乙烯利在干旱胁迫下保持更高的叶片相对含水量23.5%(对照为11.5%)和更低的电解质渗透率68.1%(对照为90.7%)及MDA含量53.90μmol·g~(-1)(对照检查131.62μmol·g~(-1)),且复水后的电解质渗透率恢复程度更好;此外乙烯利处理提高了复水恢复过程草地早熟禾的可溶性蛋白含量;说明,叶片喷施乙烯利能够缓解草地早熟禾的干旱胁迫损伤,并促进干旱后的复水恢复。  相似文献   

水貂铜绿假单胞菌检测方法研究进展     

庄金秋  梅建国  王玉茂  杨丽梅  沈志强 《中国动物检疫》2018,35(1):70-72

水貂出血性肺炎是由铜绿假单胞菌引起的威胁养貂业的重要疾病之一。为了解该病相关检测方法的最新研究进展,本文从病原学和分子生物学方面,介绍了细菌分离培养、生化试验、特异性抗原及其抗体检测、PCR技术和LAMP技术等。通过比较各种方法的优缺点和实用性,为临床兽医科技工作者快速、简便、准确、实用地诊断提供参考。  相似文献   

美国国家兽医认证计划及其主要制度     

周宏鹏  姜雯  刘德萍  黄保续 《中国动物检疫》2018,35(6):69-72

为给我国新型兽医制度建设提供借鉴,对美国国家兽医认证计划(NVAP)及其主要制度进行了研究。研究表明,美国认证兽医是经美国动植物卫生监督局(APHIS)法定程序认证,代表联邦兽医(官)和州动物卫生官(SAHO)实施流通动物检疫监管,协助政府兽医(官)控制动物疫病的执业兽医,具有官方兽医属性。目前,全美80%的兽医为认证兽医,总量高达6.8万名,有效弥补了政府兽医(官)力量的不足。《美国联邦法规》第161.1条规定,NVAP的管理主要涉及认证兽医的分类、职责、培训教育、认证、复审、纪律处分等制度。  相似文献   

美国动物卫生保护制度框架浅析     

王媛媛  孙淑芳  万玉秀  李卫华  姜雯  魏荣  黄保续 《中国动物检疫》2018,35(12):66-69

基于对美国《动物卫生保护法》的研究,本文概述了其立法宗旨,动物疫病预防、突发疫情应急处置、国内流行病控制消灭等制度框架,以及生产经营者主体责任、调运监管制度、动物卫生实验室体系、兽医认证计划、监督执法制度、经费预算方式等保障措施,以期为完善我国立法体系提供借鉴。  相似文献