Epirubicin in the treatment of canine histiocytic sarcoma: sequential,alternating and rescue chemotherapy          下载免费PDF全文

S. L. Mason  R. Finotello  L. Blackwood 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2018,16(1):E30-E37

The aims of this study were to report treatment outcomes for dogs with histiocytic sarcoma (HS) treated with both lomustine and epirubicin, and to report response rates to epirubicin as a rescue therapy in dogs previously treated with lomustine. Medical records of dogs with a diagnosis of HS that were treated with both lomustine and epirubicin were retrospectively evaluated. Of 29 dogs receiving epirubicin alternating with, or subsequent to lomustine treatment, including in a rescue setting, response to epirubicin could be assessed in 20 with an overall response rate (ORR) of 29% and biological response rate (BRR) of 71%. Median time to progression (TTP) in 12 of these 20 dogs in which it was assessable was 69 days (range: 40‐125 days). For dogs treated in the rescue setting epirubicin specific ORR was 19% and BRR 63%. Median TTP in the 9 of these 16 dogs in which it was assessable was 62 days (range: 40‐125 days). Median survival time for all dogs treated with both epirubicin and lomustine was 185 days (range: 27‐500 days). Some dogs with HS respond to epirubicin and dogs treated with combinations of epirubicin and lomustine have modestly improved survival times compared with single agent studies, and similar to dogs with HS treated with alternating lomustine and doxorubicin. Single agent epirubicin is also a valid short term rescue therapy for canine HS.  相似文献   

Prevalence of the AMHR2 mutation in Miniature Schnauzers and genetic investigation of a Belgian Malinois with persistent Müllerian duct syndrome          下载免费PDF全文

MM Smit  KJ Ekenstedt  KM Minor  CK Lim  PAJ Leegwater  E Furrow 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(2):371-376

Persistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS) is a sex‐limited disorder in which males develop portions of the female reproductive tract. Important consequences of PMDS are cryptorchidism and its sequelae of infertility and increased risk of testicular cancer. Anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) and its receptor (AMHR2) induce the regression of the Müllerian ducts in male embryos. In Miniature Schnauzer dogs, the genetic basis has been identified as an autosomal recessive nonsense mutation in AMHR2, but the allele frequency of the mutation is unknown. Thus, the primary objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of the AMHR2 mutation in North American Miniature Schnauzers, in order to ascertain the value of genetic testing in this breed. An additional objective was to determine whether mutations in AMH or AMHR2 were responsible for PMDS in a Belgian Malinois; this would aid development of a genetic test for the Belgian Malinois breed. Genomic DNA from 216 Miniature Schnauzers (including one known PMDS case) was genotyped for the AMHR2 mutation, and DNA from a single PMDS‐affected Belgian Malinois was sequenced for all coding exons of AMH and AMHR2. The Miniature Schnauzer cohort had an AMHR2 mutation allele frequency of 0.16 and a carrier genotypic frequency of 0.27. The genetic basis for PMDS in the Belgian Malinois was not determined, as no coding or splicing mutations were identified in either AMH or AMHR2. These findings support a benefit to AMHR2 mutation testing Miniature Schnauzers used for breeding or with cryptorchidism.  相似文献   

Clinical outcome,PDGFRβ and KIT expression in feline histiocytic disorders: a multicentre study          下载免费PDF全文

E. Treggiari  L. Ressel  G. A. Polton  J. Benoit  I. Desmas  L. Blackwood 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2017,15(1):65-77

Information about histiocytic disease in cats is limited. The aim of this study was to document clinical findings and outcome in feline histiocytic disorders, and characterize the expression of PDGFRβ and KIT in order to identify potential treatment targets. Morphologically diagnosed feline histiocytic tumours were reviewed and characterized by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Five cases of feline progressive histiocytosis (FPH), eight histiocytic sarcomas (HS) and two haemophagocytic histiocytic sarcomas (HaeHS) were confirmed. PDGFRβ was variably positive in most histiocytic cases, while KIT was negative in all. Clinical presentation, treatment and outcome were also evaluated. Partial responses were recorded in measurable disease with tyrosine kinase inhibitors and lomustine, and radiotherapy achieved long‐term control in some cases. Survival times were shortest in HaeHS and disseminated disease. PDGFRβ, but not KIT, may represent a therapeutic target in feline histiocytic disorders but more studies are needed to investigate other potential treatment targets.  相似文献   

Post‐radiotherapy hypothyroidism in dogs treated for thyroid carcinomas          下载免费PDF全文

I. Amores‐Fuster  P. Cripps  L. Blackwood 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2017,15(1):247-251

Hypothyroidism is a common adverse event after head and neck radiotherapy in human medicine, but uncommonly reported in canine patients. Records of 21 dogs with histologically or cytologically confirmed thyroid carcinoma receiving definitive or hypofractionated radiotherapy were reviewed. Nine cases received 48 Gy in 12 fractions, 10 received 36 Gy in 4 fractions and 2 received 32 Gy in 4 fractions. Seventeen cases had radiotherapy in a post‐operative setting. Ten cases developed hypothyroidism (47.6%) after radiotherapy. The development of hypothyroidism was not associated with the radiotherapy protocol used. Median time to diagnosis of hypothyroidism was 6 months (range, 1–13 months). Hypothyroidism is a common side effect following radiotherapy for thyroid carcinomas. Monitoring of thyroid function following radiotherapy is recommended. No specific risk factors have been identified.  相似文献   

The percolation phase transition in sea Ice   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

KM Golden  SF Ackley  VI Lytle 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,282(5397):2238-2241

Sea ice exhibits a marked transition in its fluid transport properties at a critical brine volume fraction pc of about 5 percent, or temperature Tc of about -5 degreesC for salinity of 5 parts per thousand. For temperatures warmer than Tc, brine carrying heat and nutrients can move through the ice, whereas for colder temperatures the ice is impermeable. This transition plays a key role in the geophysics, biology, and remote sensing of sea ice. Percolation theory can be used to understand this critical behavior of transport in sea ice. The similarity of sea ice microstructure to compressed powders is used to theoretically predict pc of about 5 percent.  相似文献