Enteritis of Early Weaned Pigs : II. Pathogenesis   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

S. L. Chopra  A. C. Blackwood    D. G. Dale 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1964,28(11):272-278

Strains of hemolytic E. coli are implicated in edema disease and enteritis of swine. Immunological experiments were conducted to determine the specific role played by hemolytic E. coli in the etiology of these diseases. When cell-free extracts prepared from a frequently isolated E. coli — 0139:K82(B) were injected 48 hours apart into a healthy pig, symptoms of edema disease were produced on both occasions. Similar symptoms were produced when this extract was injected into a colostrum-deprived pig raised in isolation.

The Schultz-Dale reaction revealed no difference between the contractions of the ilea of sensitized and non-sensitized guinea-pigs. In vitro treatment of a single non-sensitized guinea-pig uterus with extracts of five different strains of hemolytic E. coli produced sharp contractions in every trial. A similar treatment with extracts of four non-hemolytic E. coli strains also stimulated the non-sensitized guinea-pig uterus but the magnitude of the contractions was much less. These studies indicated that the cell-free extracts of hemolytic E. coli produced a marked nonspecific toxic reaction.

  相似文献   

Overview and initial results of the very long baseline interferometry space observatory programme   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

H Hirabayashi  H Hirosawa  H Kobayashi  Y Murata  PG Edwards  EB Fomalont  K Fujisawa  T Ichikawa  T Kii  JEJ Lovell  GA Moellenbrock  R Okayasu  M Inoue  N Kawaguchi  S Kameno  KM Shibata  Y Asaki  T Bushimata  S Enome  S Horiuchi  T Miyaji  T Umemoto  V Migenes  K Wajima  J Nakajima  al et 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,281(5384):1825-1829

High angular resolution images of extragalactic radio sources are being made with the Highly Advanced Laboratory for Communications and Astronomy (HALCA) satellite and ground-based radio telescopes as part of the Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) Space Observatory Programme (VSOP). VSOP observations at 1.6 and 5 gigahertz of the milli-arc-second-scale structure of radio quasars enable the quasar core size and the corresponding brightness temperature to be determined, and they enable the motions of jet components that are close to the core to be studied. Here, VSOP images of the gamma-ray source 1156+295, the quasar 1548+056, the ultraluminous quasar 0014+813, and the superluminal quasar 0212+735 are presented and discussed.  相似文献   

Wounds of the pastern and foot region managed with phalangeal casts: 50 cases in 49 horses (1995–2006)     

KM Ketzner  AA Stewart  CR Byron  M Stewart  EM Gaughan  PD Vanharreveld  JD Lillich 《Australian veterinary journal》2009,87(9):363-368

Objective   Describe the use of a phalangeal cast as treatment for wounds in the pastern and foot region of horses. Secondly, to evaluate the healing and soundness of horses treated with phalangeal casts.
Design   Retrospective study of 49 horses.
Procedures   Medical records of 49 horses that were treated with a phalangeal cast for 50 cases of wounds in the pastern and foot region at equine referral hospitals from 1995 to 2006 were reviewed and follow-up information was obtained.
Results   Treatment consisted of wound debridement, lavage, wound closure (28 wounds), cast application and antibiotics (84%). At follow-up, the majority of horses were sound (42 of 47 wounds, 89.4%), three horses were still lame and one horse was euthanased because of persistent lameness. Three horses were lost to follow-up. There was no statistical difference between the outcomes of horses treated acutely (<24 h) or after a 24-h delay. Similarly, the involvement of synovial structures in the wound did not significantly influence outcome.
Conclusions   In this study, wounds involving the pastern and foot that were treated with a phalangeal cast carried a good prognosis for soundness (89.4%) and cosmetic healing (89.5%). The phalangeal casts were well-tolerated and effective.  相似文献   

Appendicular arterial tumor embolization in two cats with pulmonary carcinoma     

Ibarrola P  German AJ  Stell AJ  Fox R  Summerfield NJ  Blackwood L 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2004,225(7):1065-9, 1048-9

A 13-year-old neutered male Persian cat and an 11-year-old neutered female Persian cat were examined because of an acute onset of lameness. In both cats, conscious proprioception and reflexes were diminished in the affected limb. In 1 cat, no blood flow was detected in the left brachial artery with a Doppler ultrasonic flow detector, whereas blood flow in the right brachial artery was easily documented. In the other cat, the right femoral pulse was not palpable. Neither cat had any echocardiographic evidence of cardiac disease. In both cats, treatment was primarily supportive. One cat died, and the other was euthanatized. At necropsy, lung lobe consolidation was seen. Microscopically, there was multifocal infiltration of the lung parenchyma with cuboidal to columnar neoplastic epithelial cells. Neoplastic epithelial cells of similar morphology were identified in nodular masses in sections of muscle, and intravascular tumor emboli were identified obliterating small and large arterioles. Immunohistochemical staining of pulmonary and muscular tissue for pan-cytokeratin antigen revealed intense cytoplasmic staining of neoplastic cells. Staining for factor VIII-related antigen confirmed that clusters of neoplastic cells represented intravascular emboli. Clinical signs in the cats were attributed to arterial occlusion by tumor emboli.  相似文献   

Multicentric lymphoma in a dog after cyclosporine therapy     

Blackwood L  German AJ  Stell AJ  O'Neill T 《The Journal of small animal practice》2004,45(5):259-262

An 11-year-old, neutered male German shepherd dog was presented with perianal ulceration and fistulas. A clinical diagnosis of anal furunculosis was made, and the dog was treated with cyclosporine and ketoconazole. The perianal lesions resolved. However, after four weeks of therapy the dog developed multicentric lymphoma. Complete remission was achieved with combination chemotherapy (Wisconsin-Madison protocol). Cyclosporine administration is associated with an increased risk of development of lymphoma in humans and a similar increased risk might be expected in dogs. Although a causative relationship between cyclosporine administration and the development of lymphoma cannot be proven in this case, it is possible that cyclosporine therapy may have contributed to lymphomagenesis. As the use of cyclosporine in small animals is increasing, further work is required to substantiate and quantify the proposed increased risk.  相似文献   

Urethral leiomyoma causing post renal failure in a bitch.     

L Blackwood  M Sullivan  H Thompson 《The Veterinary record》1992,131(18):416-417

  相似文献   

Temozolomide alone or in combination with doxorubicin as a rescue agent in 37 cases of canine multicentric lymphoma          下载免费PDF全文

E. Treggiari  J. W. Elliott  S. J. Baines  L. Blackwood 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2018,16(2):194-201

Temozolomide (TMZ) is an alkylating agent previously used in conjunction with doxorubicin (DOX) to treat dogs with relapsed lymphoma. However, there are very limited data for this drug when used as single agent. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of TMZ in dogs with relapsed multicentric lymphoma that failed multi‐agent chemotherapy protocols, and compare the outcome to a group of dogs receiving the same drug in combination with DOX. Twenty‐six patients were included in the TMZ group and 11 in the TMZ/DOX group. Responses were evaluated via retrospective review of the medical records. The overall median survival time (MST) for both groups was 40 days (range 1‐527 days). For the TMZ group, median time to progression (TTP) was 15 days (range 1‐202 days) and MST 40 days (range 1‐527 days), with an overall response rate (ORR) of 32% and 46% recorded toxicities. For the TMZ/DOX group, median TTP was 19 days (range 2‐87 days) and MST 24 days (range 3‐91 days), with an ORR of 60% and 63% recorded toxicities. However, a proportion of haematological toxicoses may have gone undetected due to the absence of associated clinical signs. The difference in MST and TTP between the 2 groups was not statistically significant. Similarly, no negative prognostic factors were identified. Although responses were generally short lived, this study suggests that TMZ may achieve similar efficacy to TMZ/DOX whilst being associated with a lower frequency of recorded toxicities.  相似文献   

Canine pancreatic islet cell tumours secreting insulin‐like growth factor type 2: a rare entity          下载免费PDF全文

R. Finotello  L. Ressel  M. Arvigo  G. Baroni  V. Marchetti  G. Romanelli  R. Burrow  D. Mignacca  L. Blackwood 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2016,14(2):170-180

Insulin‐like growth factor type II (IGF‐II) is the main cause of non‐islet cell tumour hypoglycaemia (NICTH) and insulin is thought to be the only factor causing hypoglycaemia in insulinomas. However, two case reports of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (PNETs) producing IGF‐II have been previously published: a human and a canine patient. In this study, we investigated clinical, histopathological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural features, and biological behaviour of canine pancreatic IGF‐II‐omas, a subgroup of PNETs that has not been previously characterized. Case records of 58 dogs with confirmed PNETs and hypoglycaemia were reviewed: six patients were affected by IGF‐II‐omas. Surgery was performed in all cases and two dogs had metastases. Four patients remained alive and in remission at 370, 440, 560 and 890 days post‐diagnosis; two died of non‐tumour‐related causes. IGF‐II‐omas can be differentiated from insulinomas through hypoinsulinaemia, IGF‐II positive and insulin negative immunostaining. The prevalence of this neoplasia is low, accounting for just 6% of PNETs.  相似文献   

Use of recombinant human interferon alpha-2a in the management of a dog with epitheliotropic lymphoma     

Tzannes S  Ibarrola P  Batchelor DJ  Burrow RD  Blackwood L 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2008,44(5):276-282

An 8-year-old, mixed-breed dog with preputial epitheliotropic lymphoma was initially treated with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisolone. A short-term partial response was followed by disease progression after 4 weeks. Recombinant human interferon alpha-2a was administered starting at week 7. The interferon therapy resulted in rapid resolution of clinical signs and a 10-week disease-free interval. The lymphoma recurred at 17 weeks and did not respond to rescue chemotherapy. Additional oral lesions were treated with localized radiotherapy followed by increased dosages of interferon. This additional interferon treatment resulted in another 12 weeks of stable disease.  相似文献   

Developmental Capabilities of Embryos Produced In Vitro from Prepubertal Lamb Oocytes     

KM Morton 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2008,43(S2):137-143

Breeding from prepubertal females, known as juvenile in vitro embryo transfer (JIVET), reduces the generation interval and increases the rate of genetic gain in animal breeding programs. While the birth of the first lambs from prepubertal ewes occurred nearly 30 years ago; and there is considerable interest in the commercialization of this technology, its efficiency remains too low. The advent of in vitro production (IVP) of embryo resulted in the more widespread use of JIVET. Morphologic and metabolic differences coupled with reduced in vitro and in vivo development of oocytes derived from prepubertal animals have been reported. Research has been undertaken to optimize donor selection and hormone stimulation methods in an attempt to reduce the variability and increase the proportion of donors responding to hormone stimulation and increase oocyte developmental competence. Yet, this variation persists and the development of oocytes and embryos from prepubertal animals remains reduced when compared with adults. Recent improvements to JIVET, resulting from a modified hormone stimulation regime, have eliminated the failure of donors to respond to hormone stimulation, and increased both the number and developmental competence of oocytes harvested from very young prepubertal lambs. This increased efficiency has facilitated the incorporation of other reproductive technologies such as sperm sexing with JIVET, resulting in the birth of lambs of a pre-determined sex from prepubertal lambs. Increased rates of genetic gain in sheep breeding programs can be achieved by combining sexed sperm with oocytes obtained from lambs as young as 3–4 weeks of age. Continued increases in the efficiency of JIVET resulting from further improvements to hormone stimulation regimes and an increased understanding of the differences between oocytes from adult and prepubertal animals will result in the commercialization of this technology.  相似文献