Serodiagnosis of equine piroplasmosis, dourine, and glanders using an arrayed immunoblotting method.     

J B Katz  L P Chieves  S G Hennager  J M Nicholson  T A Fisher  P E Byers 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》1999,11(3):292-294

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Coherent state evolution in a superconducting qubit from partial-collapse measurement     

Katz N  Ansmann M  Bialczak RC  Lucero E  McDermott R  Neeley M  Steffen M  Weig EM  Cleland AN  Martinis JM  Korotkov AN 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,312(5779):1498-1500

Measurement is one of the fundamental building blocks of quantum-information processing systems. Partial measurement, where full wavefunction collapse is not the only outcome, provides a detailed test of the measurement process. We introduce quantum-state tomography in a superconducting qubit that exhibits high-fidelity single-shot measurement. For the two probabilistic outcomes of partial measurement, we find either a full collapse or a coherent yet nonunitary evolution of the state. This latter behavior explicitly confirms modern quantum-measurement theory and may prove important for error-correction algorithms in quantum computation.  相似文献   

Electron small polarons and their mobility in iron (oxyhydr)oxide nanoparticles     

JE Katz  X Zhang  K Attenkofer  KW Chapman  C Frandsen  P Zarzycki  KM Rosso  RW Falcone  GA Waychunas  B Gilbert 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,337(6099):1200-1203

Electron mobility within iron (oxyhydr)oxides enables charge transfer between widely separated surface sites. There is increasing evidence that this internal conduction influences the rates of interfacial reactions and the outcomes of redox-driven phase transformations of environmental interest. To determine the links between crystal structure and charge-transport efficiency, we used pump-probe spectroscopy to study the dynamics of electrons introduced into iron(III) (oxyhydr)oxide nanoparticles via ultrafast interfacial electron transfer. Using time-resolved x-ray spectroscopy and ab initio calculations, we observed the formation of reduced and structurally distorted metal sites consistent with small polarons. Comparisons between different phases (hematite, maghemite, and ferrihydrite) revealed that short-range structural topology, not long-range order, dominates the electron-hopping rate.  相似文献   

A review of recent advances and current hypotheses on the pathogenesis of acute laminitis     

L. M. Katz  S. R. Bailey 《Equine veterinary journal》2012,44(6):752-761

With the increasing number of studies being published on the different experimental models used to induce and study acute laminitis, the pathophysiological events associated with these various models (i.e. starch overload, oligofructose overload, black walnut extract and hyperinsulinaemia) can be compared more realistically. Within this review, the mechanisms for metabolic vs. inflammatory laminitis are discussed, and the question of how pasture laminitis may fit into any of the proposed mechanisms is addressed.  相似文献   

Characterisation of the response of equine digital arteries and veins to substance P   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Katz LM  Marr CM  Elliott J 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2003,26(5):361-368

Substance P (SP), a potent vasodilator, has been detected in equine digital sensory-motor nerves. The aim of the study was to characterise the functional responses of equine digital blood vessels to exogenous SP. Pre-constricted equine digital arteries (EDA) and veins (EDV) vasodilated in a biphasic, endothelium- and concentration-dependent manner to SP. A nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME; 300 microm) inhibited both phases of the relaxation response curve of EDAs to SP by >70%. In EDVs, the first relaxant phase to SP was largely L-NAME-resistant, whereas the second phase was inhibited by 60%. Both L-NAME and a cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor (ibuprofen; 10 microm) were required to inhibit EDV relaxation to SP by > or =80%. Experiments determining the receptor mediated responses to physiological concentrations of SP (1 nm) revealed that the relaxant responses of both EDA and EDV were inhibited by a neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonist (CP-96 345; 10 nm). In conclusion, SP is an endothelium-dependent vasodilator of both EDA and EDV. NO is the predominant pathway activated in EDA, whereas both prostacyclin and NO pathways are involved in EDVs. NK1 receptors appear to mediate responses to low concentrations of SP.  相似文献   

Assessment of plasma carnitine concentrations in relation to ceroid lipofuscinosis in Tibetan Terriers     

Katz ML  Sanders DA  Sanders DN  Hansen EA  Johnson GS 《American journal of veterinary research》2002,63(6):890-895

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the late onset form of inherited ceroid lipofuscinosis (CL) in Tibetan Terriers is accompanied by low plasma carnitine concentrations prior to the appearance of clinical signs. ANIMALS: 129 healthy Tibetan Terriers, 12 Tibetan Terriers with CL, and 95 healthy purebred dogs of other breeds. PROCEDURE: After withholding food, blood samples were collected from all dogs into tubes containing EDTA. Blood samples were analyzed for plasma-free carnitine and acyl-carnitines concentrations. RESULTS: Neither the mean plasma total carnitine concentration nor the mean fraction of carnitine in the free form differed significantly between Tibetan Terriers with CL and healthy Tibetan Terriers. Among Tibetan Terriers and the general dog population, plasma carnitine concentration increased with age. Castrated males had an overall increase in plasma carnitine concentrations and variability, compared with sexually intact males. By comparison, plasma carnitine concentrations were not significantly different between spayed and sexually intact females. The mean plasma carnitine concentration in the Tibetan Terriers was approximately 22% higher than in the general population of healthy dogs of other breeds. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Contrary to what is seen in early onset CL in English Setters and in humans with some forms of CL, plasma carnitine concentrations are not decreased in the late-onset disorder in Tibetan Terriers. Our large-scale study establishes reference range values for plasma carnitine concentrations in dogs as functions of age and sex that will be useful in evaluating potential carnitine deficiencies in other disorders in dogs.  相似文献   

Growth and infectivity assays of the Israeli vaccine strain of fowl poxvirus in chicken embryo fibroblasts     

Hashavya S  Barchichat S  Katz E 《Avian diseases》2002,46(1):95-101

The Israeli vaccine strain of fowl poxvirus grows efficiently in chicken embryo fibroblasts but not in cell lines derived from monkey kidney or human fibroblasts. We developed two assays for the titration of the infectivity of this virus in secondary cultures of chicken embryo fibroblasts. The first is a focus assay, in which minimum essential medium and SeaKem ME agarose were used for the overlay media. Under these conditions, clear virus foci appeared after 5 days of incubation at 37 C. The second assay is a semiautomatic colorimetric test based on the ability of live cells in culture to reduce the yellow tetrazolium salt 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT; thiazolyl blue) to its formazan derivative. The reagent was added to infected chicken embryo fibroblasts in 96-well plates 10 days after infection. The formazan formed during 2 hr was extracted with dimethyl sulfoxide, and its absorbance was read by an automatic microplate spectrophotometer. A good correlation of the infectivity titers of the virus was obtained by the two methods.  相似文献   

Determination of plasma and skin concentrations of orbifloxacin in dogs with clinically normal skin and dogs with pyoderma     

Kay-Mugford PA  Weingarten AJ  Ngoh M  Zolynas R  White A  Katz T  Simmons R  Varma KJ 《Veterinary therapeutics : research in applied veterinary medicine》2002,3(4):402-408

Plasma and skin concentrations of orbifloxacin (Orbax tablets, Schering-Plough Animal Health) were assessed in 14 clinically normal dogs and 14 dogs with pyoderma following oral administration of the drug at 7.5 mg/kg once daily for 5 to 7 days. Skin biopsies and whole blood samples were obtained before dosing and at the time of the expected maximum concentration in skin (3 hours after dosing) on the first and on the fifth to seventh day of dosing. Skin biopsies and plasma were analyzed for orbifloxacin concentrations by high-performance liquid chromatography. Dogs with pyoderma had significantly higher mean skin concentrations of orbifloxacin within 3 hours of administration (Day 0: 7.80 +/- 3.40 mcg/g, Days 4 to 6: 9.47 +/- 6.23 mcg/g) than did dogs with normal skin (Day 0: 3.85 +/- 1.08 mcg/g, Days 4 to 6: 5.43 +/- 1.02 mcg/g). After dosing on Day 0 and after five to seven daily treatments, dogs with pyoderma had significantly higher mean orbifloxacin skin:plasma ratios (1.40 and 1.44, respectively) than did clinically normal dogs (0.81 and 0.96, respectively). The accumulation of orbifloxacin in diseased skin may contribute to the efficacy of this compound for the treatment of bacterial skin infections.  相似文献   

Tail pinch versus brain stimulation: problems of comparison     

Katz RJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1978,201(4358):841-842

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Sum rules and interlayer conductivity of high-Tc cuprates     

DN Basov  SI Woods  AS Katz  EJ Singley  RC Dynes  M Xu  DG Hinks  CC Homes  M Strongin 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1999,283(5398):49-52

Analysis of the interlayer infrared conductivity of cuprate high-transition temperature superconductors reveals an anomalously large energy scale extending up to midinfrared frequencies that can be attributed to formation of the superconducting condensate. This unusual effect is observed in a va- riety of materials, including Tl2Ba2CuO6+x, La2-xSrxCuO4, and YBa2Cu3O6.6, which show an incoherent interlayer response in the normal state. Midinfrared range condensation was examined in the context of sum rules that can be formulated for the complex conductivity. One possible interpretation of these experiments is in terms of a kinetic energy change associated with the superconducting transition.  相似文献