Blood gases and acid-base status of normal Zebu cattle     

Kuldip K. Mirakhur  A. K. Khanna  B. Prasad 《Veterinary research communications》1985,9(1):303-308

Nine adult bullocks were used for this study. The auricular artery was found to be convenient for collecting arterial blood samples. Samples were also taken from the jugular and auricular veins. The mean values of blood gas analyses from these animals are recorded.  相似文献   

Blood gases and acid-base status of normal Zebu cattle     

K K Mirakhur  A K Khanna  B Prasad 《Veterinary research communications》1985,9(4):303-308

Nine adult bullocks were used for this study. The auricular artery was found to be convenient for collecting arterial blood samples. Samples were also taken from the jugular and auricular veins. The mean values of blood gas analyses from these animals are recorded.  相似文献   

Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Embryonic Stem Cell‐Like Cells and Preimplantation Embryos Exhibit Comparable Expression of Pluripotency‐Related Antigens     

T Anand  D Kumar  MK Singh  RA Shah  MS Chauhan  RS Manik  SK Singla  P Palta 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2011,46(1):50-58

In this study, inner cell mass (ICM) cells were isolated from in vitro produced buffalo blastocysts and were cultured on mitomycin‐C treated buffalo foetal fibroblast feeder layer for producing embryonic stem (ES) cells. Among different sources (hatched vs expanded blastocysts) or methods (enzymatic vs mechanical), mechanical isolation of ICM from hatched blastocysts resulted in the highest primary colony formation rate and the maximum passage number up to which ES cells survived. Putative ES cells expressed alkaline phosphatase and exhibited a normal karyotype up to passage 7. Putative ES cells and embryos at 2‐ to 4‐cell, 8‐ to 16‐cell, morula and blastocyst stages strongly expressed stage‐specific embryonic antigen (SSEA)‐4 but lacked expressions of SSEA‐1 and SSEA‐3. Putative ES cells also expressed tumour rejection antigen (TRA)‐1‐60, TRA‐1‐81 and Oct4. Whereas in all early embryonic stages, TRA‐1‐60 was observed only in the periplasmic space, and TRA‐1‐81 expression was observed as small spots at a few places inside the embryos, both these markers were expressed by ICM. Oct4 expression, which was observed at all the embryonic stages and also in the trophectoderm, was the strongest in the ICM. Buffalo putative ES cells possess a unique pluripotency‐related surface antigen phenotype, which resembles that of the ICM.  相似文献   

Phosphorus uptake and use efficiency in different varieties of bread wheat (Triticum Aestivum L)     

HS Gill  Anoop Singh  SK Sethi  RK Behl 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(6):563-572

Thirty spring wheat varieties were evaluated and classified into eight different groups on the basis of their grain yield performance and phosphorus (P) uptake using Metroglyph analysis. Significant variability was observed for grain and biomass yield, plant height, P content in grain and straw, total P uptake and phosphorus harvest index and P use efficiency traits. Varieties WH 711 and PBW 343 exhibited high grain yield as well as high P uptake (HGY-HP). WH 283 and UP 2425 with high index score of 19 and 16 respectively, constituted the high grain yield-medium P uptake (HGYMP) group. Both these varieties, though had similar grain yield of 5348 kg/ha, but WH 283 (12.64 kg/ha) utilized much lower P as compared to UP 2425 (16.94 kg/ha). Moreover, WH 283 (81.64) also showed higher values for phosphorus harvest index (PHI) than UP 2425 (67.88%). P uptake of WH 283 was comparable with that of Raj 3765 (10.78 kg/ha) and grouped into high grain yield and low P uptake (HGY-LP) group. The grain yield performance of these two varieties with a relatively low P uptake is reflected in their high index score for P use efficiency thus, earmarking them for low P regimes. Variety HW 2006, despite low grain yields of 4665 kg/ha had high index score of 16 due to its higher value for Phosphorus Biological (PBER) and Economic Yield (PEER) Efficiency Ratio as it has effected least (7.18 kg/ha) P mobilization. In addition high P translocation in the grain was also observed for this variety. Inter-mating of genotypes like HW 2006, UP 2338 and HW 2016 with those belonging to HGY-HP (PBW 343 and WH 711) and HGY-LP (Raj 3765 and WH 283) would be an ideal strategy to develop the cultivars for efficient phosphorus use.  相似文献   

Positive Effects of Melatonin Treatment on the Reproductive Performance of Young Border Leicester Rams Mated to Merino Ewes in Spring: Preliminary Observations     

DO Kleemann  JM Kelly  LJ Arney  IL Farley  AJ Tilbrook  SK Walker 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(6):894-898

Poor reproductive performance of Merino ewe flocks when mated to Border Leicester rams during spring may be due to seasonality of the Border Leicester breed. Two approaches were taken to test this assumption. Six young (12 months old) or six mixed‐age (12, 24 and ≥36 months old) Border Leicester rams were either treated or not treated with melatonin implants (2 × 2 design) 6 weeks before the four groups of rams were each put with approximately 300 Merino ewes for an 8‐week mating period. Implants were inserted in early September (experiment 1). The second approach was to yard or not yard ewes and mixed‐age rams on several occasions during the first 3 weeks of the mating period (experiment 2). Pregnancy rate and twinning percentage were assessed by ultrasonography. In experiment 1, melatonin treatment in young rams increased (p < 0.001) pregnancy rate from 5.0% to 92.6%, but mixed‐age rams did not respond (90.7% vs 89.5% for melatonin and non‐melatonin treatments, respectively). Twinning rate was similar (p > 0.05) for ewes mated to either melatonin or non‐melatonin‐treated young rams (36.8% vs 40.0%, respectively), whereas melatonin significantly improved (p < 0.05) twinning rate in those ewes mated to mixed‐age rams (49.1% vs 36.1%). After 6 weeks of melatonin treatment, scrotal circumference was greater (p < 0.05) in both young and mixed‐aged rams than in untreated counterparts. In experiment 2, yarding of ewes and rams overnight on several occasions early in the mating period reduced (p < 0.001) pregnancy rate compared with non‐yarded counterparts (89.5% vs 65.5%). Twinning rate was not affected (37.7% vs 36.1%, respectively). In summary, melatonin treatment of Border Leicester rams significantly improved flock reproductive performance in spring due to improved pregnancy rates with young rams and improved litter size with mixed‐age rams.  相似文献   

Caudal anaesthesia of the infraorbital nerve for diagnosis of idiopathic headshaking and caudal compression of the infraorbital nerve for its treatment,in 58 horses     

V. L. H. ROBERTS  J. D. PERKINS  E. SKÄRLINA  D. A. GORVY  W. H. TREMAINE  A. WILLIAMS  S. A. McKANE  I. WHITE  D. C. KNOTTENBELT 《Equine veterinary journal》2013,45(1):107-110

Reasons for performing study: Idiopathic headshaking is often a facial pain syndrome, but a diagnostic protocol has not been described. In a previous study, caudal compression of the infraorbital nerve for treatment offered a fair success rate, but low case numbers and short follow‐up time were limitations. Objectives: To describe a diagnostic protocol for headshaking, examining the role of bilateral local analgesia of the posterior ethmoidal nerve (PET block). To report longer‐term follow‐up after surgery of the original cases and further cases and to determine whether changes to the technique influence success rates and complications. Methods: Records of horses that had undergone PET block and caudal compression surgery at 3 hospitals were reviewed. Modifications to the surgical technique included placing additional coils into the infraorbital canal and/or performing concurrent laser cautery of the nerve. Follow‐up information was obtained by telephone contact with owners. Results: The PET block was performed in 27 horses, with a positive result in 23 of 27 (85%). Surgery was performed in 58 horses. A successful outcome was initially achieved in 35 of 57 (63%) horses, but recurrence occurred between 9 and 30 months later in 9 (26%). Surgery was repeated in 10 of 31 (32%) horses. Final success rate, considering only response to the last performed surgery, was 28 of 57 (49%) horses with median follow‐up time of 18 months (range 2–66 months). Nose‐rubbing was reported post operatively in 30 of 48 (63%) horses. This resolved in all but 4 horses, which were subjected to euthanasia. Response to PET block or change in surgical technique did not appear to influence outcome or complications. Conclusions and potential relevance: The diagnostic protocol described is recommended for the investigation of headshakers. Caudal compression offers the best prognosis for a successful outcome compared with other treatments, for horses in which the only alternative is euthanasia. Surgical treatment of the disorder requires refinement, and the pathogenesis of the disorder requires investigation.  相似文献   

Met interacts with EGFR and Ron in canine osteosarcoma     

J. K. McCleese  M. D. Bear  S. K. Kulp  C. Mazcko  C. Khanna  C. A. London 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2013,11(2):124-139

The receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) Met is known to be over‐expressed in canine osteosarcoma (OSA). In human cancers, the RTKs Met, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and Ron are frequently co‐expressed and engage in heterodimerization, altering signal transduction and promoting resistance to targeted therapeutics. We found that EGFR and Ron are expressed in canine OSA cell lines and primary tissues, EGFR and Ron are frequently phosphorylated in OSA tumour samples, and Met is co‐associated with EGFR and Ron in canine OSA cell lines. Transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) stimulation induced amplification of ERK1/2 and STAT3 phosphorylation in OSA cells and Met was phosphorylated following TGFα stimulation providing evidence for receptor cross‐talk. Lastly, treatment of OSA cells with combined gefitinib and crizotinib inhibited cell proliferation in an additive manner. Together, these data support the notion that Met, EGFR and Ron interact in OSA cells and as such, may represent viable targets for therapeutic intervention.  相似文献   

Phase I clinical evaluation of carboplatin in tumor-bearing cats: a Veterinary Cooperative Oncology Group study     

Kisseberth WC  Vail DM  Yaissle J  Jeglum KA  Couto CG  Ward H  Khanna C  Obradovich JE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2008,22(1):83-88

BACKGROUND: The dosage of carboplatin in cats has been reported anecdotally and experimentally in non-tumor-bearing cats, but the dosage for carboplatin treatment in tumor-bearing cats has yet to be defined in a prospective clinical trial. PURPOSE: To determine the maximally tolerated dose (MTD) and dose-limiting toxicosis (DLT) of carboplatin in tumor-bearing cats. CATS: Fifty-nine cats with measurable solid tumors. METHODS: The starting dose of carboplatin was 160 mg/m(2) of body surface area IV. Doses were increased by 20 mg/m(2) in cohorts of 3-14 cats until the MTD was reached. RESULTS: The 59 cats entered into this multi-institutional phase I study received 1 or more doses of carboplatin at various dosages and were evaluated for toxicity, response to treatment, or both. The MTD was 240 mg/m(2) and neutropenia was the DLT. For the 1st cycle of treatment in 44 cats evaluated for neutropenia, 6 episodes of grade 3 or greater neutropenia occurred on days 7 (n=1), 14 (n=4), and 21 (n=1). There was no evidence of drug-induced nephrotoxicosis or pulmonary edema. Preliminary evidence of antitumor activity was observed in 7 of 59 (11.9%; 95% CI, 5.6-22.8%) cats evaluated for response to treatment. There was 1 complete response (cutaneous hemangiosarcoma) and 6 partial responses (4 injection site sarcomas, 1 oral squamous cell carcinoma, 1 lymphoma). Responses were of short duration (median, 42 days; range, 7-168 days). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: The dose of carboplatin recommended to treat tumor-bearing cats is 240 mg/m(2) IV every 3-4 weeks.  相似文献   

Efficacy of different methods for detecting the onset of ovarian cyclicity in post-partum Murrah buffaloes     

K. K. Choudhary  A. Bharadwaj  R. K. Sharma  A. Jerome  S. Khanna  K. M. Kavya 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(7):1559-1564

This study was designed to investigate the sensitivity and specificity of three methods for detecting the onset of cyclicity in post-partum Murrah buffaloes. The methods investigated were visual signs, transrectal ultrasonography, and serum progesterone (P₄) assay. For this study, 102 post-partum Murrah buffalo cows were grouped for monitoring their ovarian activity. The first group of buffaloes was between 26 and 35 days post-partum. Thereafter, the buffalo cows that calved were grouped after every 10 days for the study sample. Thus, the study animals were adjudged between 26 and 35, 36–45, 46–55, 56–65, 66–75, 76–85, and 86–95 days post-partum with an average of 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90 days post-partum, respectively. Visual estrus signs were monitored twice daily, and simultaneously, ultrasound examination was carried out at 10 days interval for accessing the presence of corpus luteum (CL). Serum P₄ was estimated in the animals which were adjudged cyclic by ultrasound examination, and the assay was repeated after 10 days. The buffalo cows in estrus were inseminated artificially, and pregnancy status was assessed after 30 days post-insemination. In this study, the sensitivity and specificity of visual observation were low (39.37 and 70.73%, respectively) when compared to P₄ assay (98.80 and 96.47%) and ultrasound examination (single, 97.59 and 97.59%; double, 100 and 100%), respectively. Furthermore, the sensitivity and specificity of single and double ultrasound examination and P₄ assay were comparable. In conclusion, this study reports that single and double ultrasound examination and P₄ assay are more efficient than visual observation in detecting the onset of ovarian cyclicity in post-partum Murrah buffaloes.  相似文献   

m‐carboxycinnamic acid bishydroxamide improves developmental competence,reduces apoptosis and alters epigenetic status and gene expression pattern in cloned buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) embryos          下载免费PDF全文

H Agrawal  NL Selokar  M Saini  MK Singh  MS Chauhan  P Palta  SK Singla  RS Manik 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(4):986-996

Incomplete or aberrant reprogramming of nuclear genome is one of the major problems in somatic cell nuclear transfer. In this study, we studied the effect of histone deacetylase inhibitor m‐carboxycinnamic acid bishydroxamide (CBHA) on in vitro development of buffalo embryos produced by Hand‐made cloning. Cloned embryos were treated with CBHA (0, 5, 10, 20 or 50 μM) for 10 hr from the start of reconstruction till activation. At 10 μM, but not at other concentrations examined, CBHA increased (p < .05) the blastocyst rate (63.77 ± 3.97% vs 48.63 ± 3.55%) and reduced (p < .05) the apoptotic index of the cloned blastocysts (8.91 ± 1.94 vs 4.36 ± 1.08) compared to untreated controls, to levels similar to those in IVF blastocysts (4.78 ± 0.74). CBHA treatment, at all the concentrations examined, increased (p < .05) the global level of H3K9ac in cloned blastocysts than in untreated controls to that observed in IVF blastocysts. Treatment with CBHA (10 μM) decreased (p < .05) the global level of H3K27me3 in cloned blastocysts than in untreated controls but it was still higher (p < .05) than in IVF blastocysts. CBHA (10 μM) treatment increased (p < .05) the relative expression level of pluripotency‐related genes OCT‐4 and NANOG, and anti‐apoptotic gene BCL‐XL, and decreased (p < .05) that of pro‐apoptotic gene BAX than in untreated controls but did not affect the relative expression level of apoptosis‐related genes p53 and CASPASE3 and epigenetics‐related genes DNMT1, DNMT3a and HDAC1. These results suggest that treatment of cloned embryos with 10 μM CBHA improves the blastocyst rate, reduces the level of apoptosis and alters the epigenetic status and gene expression pattern.  相似文献