Viruses in Salix grown for bioenergy     

R. F. Kopp  J. D. Castello  L. P. Abrahamson 《Forest Pathology》1999,29(2):117-122

A study was completed to determine if willows propagated vegetatively for bioenergy in New York State were infected by viruses. Unrooted, dormant cuttings from 10 willow clones were planted in a greenhouse. Four months later the young foliage and roots were tested for tomato mosaic tobamovirus, tobacco necrosis necrovirus (TNV), and brome mosaic bromovirus by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All three viruses were detected in the roots of some plants, but rarely in foliage. Every clone was infected with at least one virus. Tobacco mosaic virus and TNV were also transmitted to Chenopodium quinoa from extracts of roots collected from field-grown willows. Imported willow material may be virus-infected.  相似文献   

Identification and quantification of coumarins in Peucedanum ostruthium (L.) Koch by HPLC-DAD and HPLC-DAD-MS     

Vogl S  Zehl M  Picker P  Urban E  Wawrosch C  Reznicek G  Saukel J  Kopp B 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(9):4371-4377

The rhizomes of Peucedanum ostruthium (L.) Koch (masterwort) are traditionally used in the alpine region as ingredient of liqueurs and bitters, and as a herbal drug. A sensitive and specific high-performance liquid chromatography-diode-array detection-mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-MS) method has been developed for the simultaneous identification and quantification of its main coumarins, oxypeucedanin hydrate, oxypeucedanin, ostruthol, imperatorin, osthole, isoimperatorin, and ostruthin. Fast HPLC separation could be achieved on an Acclaim C18 column (150 mm × 2.1 mm i.d., 3 μm) using a mobile phase gradient of acetonitrile-water modified with 0.01% acetic acid. The quantification by HPLC-DAD was performed with imperatorin as external standard and validated to demonstrate selectivity, linearity, precision, and accuracy. The content of the main coumarins was quantitated in various batches of commercial and field-collected rhizomes of Peucedanum ostruthium, as well as in beverages prepared thereof.  相似文献   

Application of in vitro anthelmintic sensitivity assays to canine parasitology: detecting resistance to pyrantel in Ancylostoma caninum     

Kopp SR  Coleman GT  McCarthy JS  Kotze AC 《Veterinary parasitology》2008,152(3-4):284-293

Resistance of the canine hookworm Ancylostoma caninum to anthelmintic therapy with pyrantel is an emerging problem in canine veterinary practice. Detecting anthelmintic resistance in parasites of pets is problematic because traditional resistance-monitoring techniques used with livestock parasites, such as the faecal egg count reduction test, are often impractical for use in small animals. We used two field-collected isolates of A. caninum in an abbreviated critical trial to test their pyrantel resistance status. The strains showed high-level and low-level resistance, with in vivo pyrantel efficacies of 28% and 71%, respectively. We noted a distinct worm density dependence effect on faecal egg count during the critical trial; egg counts in the dogs containing the low-level resistant isolate were 41% higher 6 days after drug treatment, despite the removal of 71% of the adult worms by the drug treatment. We then assessed four candidate in vitro assays for their ability to detect pyrantel resistance in A. caninum larvae, using these two isolates. The assays included a new format termed the larval arrested morphology assay (LAMA), based on observation of the effects of pyrantel on the body shape adopted by infective stage A. caninum larvae in vitro. Our data suggests that three of these assays, the LAMA, the larval motility assay (LMA), and larval feeding inhibition assay (LFIA) show promise with regards to detection of pyrantel resistance in A. caninum, but the complexity of the LFIA would likely limit its suitability for field studies. In vivo pyrantel efficacies of 28% and 71% in the two A. caninum isolates were associated with a 17-fold shift in the in vitro IC(50) values measured using the LAMA. Further testing with isolates of varying degrees of resistance is required to determine which of these assays is suitable as a rapid in vitro laboratory test for pyrantel resistance in A. caninum. The present study also indicates that potential exists for the novel LAMA or the LMA to be of use in detecting pyrantel resistance in the human hookworms, Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale.  相似文献   

Pyrantel in small animal medicine: 30 years on     

Kopp SR  Kotze AC  McCarthy JS  Traub RJ  Coleman GT 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2008,178(2):177-184

Pyrantel, a tetrahydropyrimidine nicotinic agonist anthelmintic, has been used in companion animal medicine since the 1970s to control two important nematode groups, the hookworms and the roundworms. Given the zoonotic potential of these parasites, pyrantel has served a dual role in helping to protect the health of both companion animals and the public for more than 30 years. This review describes the history and mechanism of action of this drug, and collates evidence that resistance to pyrantel has developed in at least one canine nematode, the hookworm Ancylostoma caninum. The role of in vitro diagnosis tests in managing anthelmintic resistance in companion animal parasites is discussed, as are management practices that may reduce the rate at which resistance develops.  相似文献   

Canine tick‐borne pathogens and associated risk factors in dogs presenting with and without clinical signs consistent with tick‐borne diseases in northern Australia          下载免费PDF全文

SF Hii  RJ Traub  MF Thompson  J Henning  CA O'Leary  A Burleigh  S McMahon  RL Rees  SR Kopp 《Australian veterinary journal》2015,93(3):58-66

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Ein Vetsuch zut L?fung des ph?nologifchen problems     

Otto Heinrich Kopp 《Forstwissenschaftliches Centralblatt》1925,47(12):866-875

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

Blood serum analyses in cow herds with fertility disturbances     

B Schmidt  C Kopp  H K Englert 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1971,78(8):237-239

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Analysis of blood clotting factor activities in canine Legg-Calvé-Perthes' disease     

Brenig B  Leeb T  Jansen S  Kopp T 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1999,13(6):570-573

Legg-Calve-Perthes' (LCP) disease is a noninflammatory aseptic necrosis of the femoral head and neck in small-breed dogs. The etiology of the disease is not known, but ischemia resulting from vascular compression or occlusion has been proposed. A latent ischemic phase during development of the femoral epiphysis seems to be responsible for the onset of the typical clinical features of LCP disease. Ischemia might result from insufficient oxygen supply either caused by a reduced number of afferent arterial vessels or an occlusion of the efferent venous vessels by thrombosis. In humans, LCP disease has been linked to hypercoagulability and hypofibrinolysis caused by deficiencies of protein C, protein S, or resistance to activated protein C. To determine whether canine LCP disease is caused by similar deficiencies, we determined protein C, protein S, activated protein C, factor II, factor V, factor VIII:C, and AT III activities in plasma samples of 18 dogs with clinically and histopathologically verified LCP disease. All dogs had normal plasma activities of these factors, indicating that in these dogs LCP disease was not caused by deficiencies of the analyzed blood clotting factors.  相似文献   

Development of AFLP and RAPD markers linked to a locus associated with twisted growth in corkscrew willow (Salix matsudana 'Tortuosa')     

Lin J  Gunter LE  Harding SA  Kopp RF  McCord RP  Tsai CJ  Tuskan GA  Smart LB 《Tree physiology》2007,27(11):1575-1583

Salix matsudana Koidz. cultivar 'Tortuosa' (corkscrew willow) is characterized by extensive stem bending and curling of leaves. To investigate the genetic basis of this trait, controlled crosses were made between a corkscrew female (S. matsudana 'Tortuosa') and a straight-stemmed, wild-type male (Salix alba L. Clone 99010). Seventy-seven seedlings from this family (ID 99270) were grown in the field for phenotypic observation. Among the progeny, 39 had straight stems and leaves and 38 had bent stems and curled leaves, suggesting that a dominant allele at a single locus controls this phenotype. As a first step in characterizing the locus, we searched for amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers linked to the tortuosa allele using bulked segregant analysis. Samples of DNA from 10 corkscrew individuals were combined to produce a corkscrew pool, and DNA from 10 straight progeny was combined to make a wild-type pool. Sixty-four AFLP primer combinations and 640 RAPD primers were screened to identify marker bands amplified from the corkscrew parent and progeny pool, but not from the wild-type parent or progeny pool. An AFLP marker and a RAPD marker linked to and flanking the tortuosa locus were placed on a preliminary linkage map constructed based on segregation among the 77 progeny. Sectioning and analysis of shoot tips revealed that the corkscrew phenotype is associated with vascular cell collapse, smaller cell size in regions near the cambium and less developed phloem fibers than in wild-type progeny. Identification of a gene associated with this trait could lead to greater understanding of the control of normal stem development in woody plants.  相似文献   

Anthelmintic resistance in sheep nematodes in the New England region of New South Wales     

SCJ LOVE  WH JOHNS  OR COVERDALE 《Australian veterinary journal》1992,69(8):196-197

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