Presence of Leptin and Its Receptor in the Hypothalamus,Uterus and Ovaries of Swine Females Culled with Distinct Ovarian Statuses and Parities     

F Moreira  SMM Gheller  RG Mondadori  AS Varela Júnior  CD Corcini  T Lucia Jr 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(6):1074-1078

Leptin acts on energy metabolism, affecting reproductive functions through activation of its receptors in the brain and in reproductive organs. This study compared the presence of leptin and its receptor (ObR‐b) in hypothalamus neurons, endometrial glands and oocytes of culled swine females across ovarian statuses and parities. Immunohistochemistry was done in samples of uterus, ovaries and hypothalamus from 28 culled females, using polyclonal antibodies antileptin and ObR‐b. Immunolabelling was compared for sows categorized by parity at culling (0, 1, 2–4 and <4) and ovarian status (luteal and follicular phases of the oestrous cycle and with cysts). Immunolabelling for leptin and ObR‐b in neurons and oocytes was weaker in females with cysts (p < 0.05) than in those at the follicular phase. In endometrial glands, leptin immunolabelling was less intense in females with cysts (p < 0.05), but immunolabelling for ObR‐b was similar across ovarian statuses (p > 0.05). In sows culled with 2–4 parities, leptin immunolabelling in neurons and endometrial glands was more intense than in nulliparous females (p < 0.05). In comparison with sows culled at greater parities, ObR‐b immunolabelling for nulliparous females was less intense in endometrial glands and in oocytes (p < 0.05), but more intense in neurons (p < 0.05). Thus, in swine, the presence of leptin and ObR‐b varies across parities and is more intense in the uterus, ovaries and hypothalamus of females that were cycling before culling than in those having cystic ovaries.  相似文献   

Effect of EDTA alone and in combination with polygodial on the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae     

Kubo I  Lee SH  Ha TJ 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(5):1818-1822

The antifungal activity of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) against Saccharomyces cerevisiae was significantly affected by various conditions such as inoculum size, pH, and metal ions (Mg(2+), Ca(2+)). EDTA was found to be effective against this yeast at the inoculum size of 10(5) colony forming units (CFU)/mL with the minimum inhibitory concentration of 400 mug/mL and the minimum fungicidal concentration of 6400 mug/mL, but it was not effective at 10(7) CFU/mL up to 6400 mug/mL. The fungicidal activity of EDTA against S. cerevisiae was significantly enhanced in combination with polygodial. Isobolograms, fractional inhibitory concentration, and fractional fungicidal concentration indices were used for evaluating the interaction between combined compounds. This synergistic effect is likely due to polygodial's destructive action on the cellular membrane, which facilitates the transmembrane transport of foreign compounds (EDTA) into yeast cells. Once inside the cells, EDTA forms chelation with divalent metals such as Mg(2+) and Ca(2+), which are required by various essential enzymes.  相似文献   

Molecular design of antifungal agents   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Kubo I  Xiao P  Nihei K  Fujita K  Yamagiwa Y  Kamikawa T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(14):3992-3998

In a rational approach to the design of antifungal agents against Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a series of alkyl gallates (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoates) were synthesized and assayed. Nonyl gallate (1) was found to be the most effective with a minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of 12.5 microg/mL (42 microM), followed by octyl gallate (2) with an MFC of 25 microg/mL (89 microM). These MFCs are little influenced by pH values. A time-kill curve study indicates that nonyl gallate exhibits fungicidal activity against S. cerevisiae at any growing stage. The antifungal activity of nonyl gallate is due primarily to its ability to act as a nonionic surface-active agent (surfactant). The length of the alkyl group is not a major contributor but plays a role in eliciting the activity to a large extent. As far as alkyl gallates are concerned, their antimicrobial spectra and potency depend largely on the hydrophobic portion of the molecules.  相似文献   

Modes of antifungal action of (2E)-alkenals against Saccharomyces cerevisiae     

Kubo I  Fujita K  Kubo A  Nihei K  Lunde CS 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(14):3951-3957

A series of aliphatic (2E)-alkenals from C(5) to C(14) were tested for their antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 7754. (2E)-Undecenal (C(11)) was found to be the most effective with the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of 6.25 microgram/mL, followed by (2E)-decenal (C(10)) with an MFC of 12.5 microgram/mL. The time-kill curve study showed that (2E)-undecenal was fungicidal against S. cerevisiae at any growth stage, and this activity was not influenced by pH values. The (2E)-alkenals inhibited glucose-induced acidification by inhibiting the plasma membrane H(+)-ATPase. The primary antifungal action of medium-chain (C(9)-C(12)) (2E)-alkenals against S. cerevisiae comes from their ability to function as nonionic surface-active agents (surfactants), disrupting the native membrane-associated function nonspecifically. Hence, the antifungal activity of (2E)-alkenals is mediated by biophysical processes, and the maximum activity can be obtained when the balance between the hydrophilic and hydrophobic portions becomes the most appropriate.  相似文献   

Quantitative trait loci for soil-penetrating ability of roots in durum wheat     

K. Kubo    I. Elouafi    N. Watanabe    M. M. Nachit    M. N. Inagaki    K. Iwama    Y. Jitsuyama 《Plant Breeding》2007,126(4):375-378

Increasing root penetration (RP) ability into hard soil is important to improve drought resistance in durum wheat. Traits related to RP ability were evaluated in 110 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between 'Jennah Khetifa' and 'Cham1' using paraffin-Vaseline (PV) discs. QTL analyses were made for the number of roots penetrating the PV disc (PVRN), total number of seminal and crown roots (TRN), RP index (PVRN/TRN) and root dry weight (DW). 'Jennah Khetifa' had higher PVRN, RP index and root DW values than 'Cham1', and the RILs showed significant differences for these traits. Two closely-linked markers, Xgwm617a and Xgwm427b , on the long arm of chromosome 6A were associated with PVRN and RP index. For root DW, a QTL was linked to marker Xgwm11 on chromosome 1B. Alleles of 'Jennah Khetifa' were associated with increased PVRN, RP index and root DW. No QTL was detected for TRN in this mapping population. The absence of co-located QTLs suggested that RP ability was controlled separately from TRN and root DW. Although the population size and number of replications were small, this study helps in understanding the complexity of root growth and the potential of marker-assisted selection for selecting genotypes with high RP ability in durum wheat populations.  相似文献   

Management of a feline gastric stromal cell tumour with toceranib phosphate: a case study     

O McGregor  AS Moore  S Yeomans 《Australian veterinary journal》2020,98(5):181-184

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Development of genomic and EST-SSR markers in radish (Raphanus sativus L.)     

Ryoichi Nakatsuji  Tomoko Hashida  Naoko Matsumoto  Masato Tsuro  Nakao Kubo  Masashi Hirai 《Breeding Science》2011,61(4):413-419

Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) belongs to Brassicaceae family and is a close relative of Brassica. This species shows a wide morphological diversity, and is an important vegetable especially in Asia. However, molecular research of radish is behind compared to that of Brassica. For example, reports on SSR (simple sequence repeat) markers are limited. Here, we designed 417 radish SSR markers from SSR-enriched genomic libraries and the cDNA data. Of the 256 SSR markers succeeded in PCR, 130 showed clear polymorphisms between two radish lines; a rat-tail radish and a Japanese cultivar, ‘Harufuku’. As a test case for evaluation of the present SSRs, we conducted two studies. First, we selected 16 SSRs to calculate polymorphism information contents (PICs) using 16 radish cultivars and four other Brassicaceae species. These markers detected 3–15 alleles (average = 9.6). PIC values ranged from 0.54 to 0.92 (average = 0.78). Second, part of the present SSRs were tested for mapping using our previously-examined mapping population. The map spanned 672.7 cM with nine linkage groups (LGs). The 21 radish SSR markers were distributed throughout the LGs. The SSR markers developed here would be informative and useful for genetic analysis in radish and its related species.  相似文献   

Anesthetic Potency of Desflurane in the Horse: Determination of the Minimum Alveolar Concentration     

F.J. TENDILLO DVM  PhD  Diplomate ECVA    A. MASCÍAS DVM    M. SANTOS DVM    J. LÓPEZ-SANROMÁN DVM  PhD    R. De ROSSI DVM    F. SAN ROMÁN DVM  PhD  LA. GÓMEZ de  SEGURA DVM  PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1997,26(4):354-357

Objective — To determine the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of desflurane (DES) in the horse.
Study Design — Prospective study.
Animals — Six healthy adult horses (three males and three females) weighing 370 ±16 kg and aged 9 ±2 years old.
Methods — Anesthesia was induced with DES vaporized in oxygen via a face mask connected to a large-animal, semiclosed anesthetic circle system. The horses were endotracheally intubated and positioned in right lateral recumbency. Inspired and end-tidal DES were monitored using a calibrated Ohmeda RGM 5250 multigas analyzer (Ohmeda-BOC, Spain). The MAC of desflurane that prevented gross purposeful movement in response to 60 seconds of noxious electrical stimulation of oral mucous membranes was determined.
Results — The time from the start of DES administration to lateral recumbency was 6.1 ±0.9 min. The MAC of DES in these horses was 7.6 ±0.4%. Time required for the animal to regain sternal recumbency after 98 ±4 minutes of anesthesia was 6.6 ±0.5 minutes and the time to standing was 14.3 ±2.7 minutes.
Conclusions — The MAC of desflurane in these horses was 7.6 ±0.4%. DES provided a rapid induction to, and recovery from, anesthesia.
Clinical Relevance — Desflurane offers the potential for more precise control during anesthesia, and may allow a faster and uneventful recovery. It is important to know the MAC of an inhalant to use it clinically.  相似文献   

Granulomatous nephritis and meningoencephalomyelitis caused by Halicephalobus gingivalis in a pony gelding     

Akagami M  Shibahara T  Yoshiga T  Tanaka N  Yaguchi Y  Onuki T  Kondo T  Yamanaka T  Kubo M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(11):1187-1190

A ten-year-old Shetland pony gelding showed low appetite, ataxia, peculiar swaying, clouding of consciousness, and ultimately died. At necropsy, multiple coalescing granulomatous foci were detected in the kidneys, and small necrotic lesions were found in the cerebellum. Histologic examination of the renal tissue sections revealed extensive granuloma, and Halicephalobus gingivalis-like nematodes were seen. Similar nematodes were found in the granulomatous or necrotic lesions of the renal lymph nodes and cerebellum, and were also frequently detected in cerebrospinal meningovascular lesions. Morphologic features together with partial ribosomal RNA gene sequences of the nematodes in the lesions revealed that they were H. gingivalis. The present results indicated that H. gingivalis caused granulomatous nephritis and meningoencephalomyelitis in this pony gelding.  相似文献   

Assessment of Genetic Variability in the Coding Sequence of Melatonin Receptor Gene (MTNR1A) in Tropical Arid Sheep Breeds of India          下载免费PDF全文

VK Saxena  BK Jha  AS Meena  HK Narula  D Kumar  SMK Naqvi 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2015,50(3):517-521

Seasonal behaviour in sheep, which varies in tropical and temperate environmental conditions, is a matter of study, because it can provide a clue to address the problem of seasonality in sheep. Melatonin receptor is the membrane‐bound G‐coupled receptor, sensing the message of photoperiodic cues thorough melatonin. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) studies were carried out to assess the variability of gene at G612A and C606T SNPs in MTNR1A gene, which have been studied to be markers for out‐of‐season breeding. Allelic frequency distribution corresponded to higher frequency of GG and CC genotype, in tropical arid sheep breed in comparison with temperate region sheep breed. PCR amplification of MTNR1A gene of 30 animals was performed and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identification was carried out using Lasergene software. Seven SNPs/mutations were identified, but most of them were synonymous, except the one G706A, leading to substitution of valine by isoleucine. Polyphen‐2 analysis of G706A mutation revealed that it is a benign mutation. Two important SNPs C426T and G555A, which were identified in temperate sheep breeds, could not be traced in Magra and Marwari breeds of sheep. Thus, the Magra and Marwari breeds of tropical, arid region demonstrated the presence of both polymorphic SNPs markers G612A and C606T, associated with out‐of‐season breeding. GG and CC genotypes were having a higher prevalence in the studied population.  相似文献