Surfers of the ocean waves: Change management,intersectoral migration and the economic development of small island states     

Godfrey Baldacchino 《Asia Pacific viewpoint》2011,52(3):236-246

This paper argues that there is a need to better acknowledge and problematise the manner in which individuals, households, organisations and governments in small island jurisdictions develop mechanisms that allow them to exploit the benefits, and/or minimise the losses, of episodic economic lurches. A ‘strategic flexibility’ approach is proposed to explain how actors practise intersectoral migration: cleverly shifting focus, interest and scope, not just out of necessity (reactively) but in ‘smelling’ promising opportunities (proactively). In a scenario where change is taken as a given, managing and coping with such change become the hallmarks of economic survival: just like surfers handling the ocean swell.  相似文献   

Atrial natriuretic peptide inhibits a cation channel in renal inner medullary collecting duct cells   总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18  

D B Light  E M Schwiebert  K H Karlson  B A Stanton 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1989,243(4889):383-385

The patch-clamp technique was used to examine the effects of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and its second messenger guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP) on an amiloride-sensitive cation channel in the apical membrane of renal inner medullary collecting duct cells. Both ANP (10(-11) M) and dibutyryl guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (10(-4) M) inhibited the channel in cell-attached patches, and cGMP (10(-5) M) inhibited the channel in inside-out patches. The inner medullary collecting duct is the first tissue in which ANP, via its second messenger cGMP, has been shown to regulate single ion channels. The results suggest that the natriuretic action of ANP is related in part to cGMP-mediated inhibition of electrogenic Na+ absorption by the inner medullary collecting duct.  相似文献   

CHLORPICRIN INJURIOUS TO GREEN-HOUSE PLANTS     

Godfrey GH 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1933,77(2007):583-584

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Three-dimensional orientation mapping in the transmission electron microscope     

Liu HH  Schmidt S  Poulsen HF  Godfrey A  Liu ZQ  Sharon JA  Huang X 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,332(6031):833-834

Over the past decade, efforts have been made to develop nondestructive techniques for three-dimensional (3D) grain-orientation mapping in crystalline materials. 3D x-ray diffraction microscopy and differential-aperture x-ray microscopy can now be used to generate 3D orientation maps with a spatial resolution of 200 nanometers (nm). We describe here a nondestructive technique that enables 3D orientation mapping in the transmission electron microscope of mono- and multiphase nanocrystalline materials with a spatial resolution reaching 1 nm. We demonstrate the technique by an experimental study of a nanocrystalline aluminum sample and use simulations to validate the principles involved.  相似文献   

Specificity of codling moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) for the host plant kairomone, ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate: field bioassays with pome fruit volatiles, analogue, and isomeric compounds     

Light DM  Knight A 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(10):4046-4053

Codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), is a severe pest of apples, pears, and walnuts worldwide, and new approaches for precise monitoring and management would be beneficial. Ninety-two pome fruit volatiles were formulated in 23 distinct blends, of which a single 4-component blend of 10-carbon esters showed the only significant attraction of moths in field bioassays conducted in both walnut and apple orchards. A single constituent of this blend, ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate--the "pear ester", was the major contributing attractant. The pear ester attracted both male and female moths in combined numbers that were comparable to the attractiveness of conspecific sex pheromone. Structure-activity tests were conducted in a series of orchard trials to determine the specificity of attraction of codling moths to the pear ester kairomone. No analogue 10-carbon alcohols, aldehydes, acetates, or other esters elicited significant moth capture responses. Tests with various analogue esters with alcohol chain length moiety substitutions of the (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoic acid elicited differential capture responses, with the ethyl exceeding the propyl, methyl, butyl, and hexyl analogues. The (E,Z) geometric isomers of this series of (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoic acid esters far exceeded the attractiveness of the (E,E) isomers. The pear ester is a potent attractant of both males and females, and codling moths are highly discriminating and specific in their structure-activity-based attraction to this pear-derived kairomone. These specificity attributes should allow this host plant kairomone to contribute to new abilities for female monitoring and the potential of development of novel and highly selective control practices that should decrease the current dependence on the use of broad-spectrum insecticides.  相似文献   

THE EFFECT OF ARTIFICIAL DEFOLIATION OF PEA PLANTS ON THE YIELD OF SHELLED PEAS   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

K. S. George  W. I. St. G.  Light R. Gair 《Plant pathology》1962,11(2):73-80

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Biological Control of Tetranychus urticae on Stock Plants of Ornamental Ivy     

H. J. Gould  W. I. St. G. Light 《Plant pathology》1971,20(1):18-20

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The Effects of Fruit Tree Red Spider Mite (Panonychus ulmi) on Yield of Apple Trees in Kent   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

W. I. St. G.  Light F. A. B. Ludlam 《Plant pathology》1972,21(4):175-181

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Influence of single or multiple sires and serving capacity on mating behavior of beef bulls     

R W Godfrey  D D Lunstra 《Journal of animal science》1989,67(11):2897-2903

A study was conducted to determine the effect of serving capacity (SC) on sexual behavior of yearling bulls during single- and double-sire pasture matings. Approximately 60 crossbred virgin bulls were subjected to 3 SC tests, and 20 bulls were selected that were similar in age, BW, testes size and semen quality. Ten bulls were high SC (greater than or equal to 3 services/test) and 10 bulls were low SC (less than or equal to 2 services/test). Competitive order among the 20 bulls also was determined. Single-sire tests were conducted with 15 intact estrual heifers and 1 bull in a pasture for 6 h. Double-sire tests were conducted with 30 estrus-induced, ovariectomized heifers and 1 high SC and 1 low SC bull of approximately equal competitive order for 6 h. Bulls in double-sire tests had more (P less than .007) mounts than those in single-sire tests. High SC bulls in double-sire tests served more heifers (P less than .04) and had more services (P less than .04) than any other SC group and test type. There was no difference (P greater than .10) in the number of mounts or services between high and low SC bulls in single-sire tests. High SC bulls had a greater (P less than .002) percentage of mounts that culminated in a service that did low SC bulls. Conception rate was not different (P greater than .10) between SC groups in single-sire tests.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

Characteristics of the in vitro hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstrictor response in isolated equine and bovine pulmonary arterial rings     

MacEachern KE  Smith GL  Nolan AM 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2004,31(4):239-249

OBJECTIVE: Hypoxaemia accompanies dorsal recumbency in the horse and frequently complicates general anaesthesia. The physiology associated with this phenomenon is poorly understood. One possible cause of poor tolerance to dorsal recumbency is an absent or reduced response to hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV). This study compared the HPV response in isolated pulmonary artery vessels from equivalent regions of equine and bovine lung. ANIMALS: Equine and bovine, in vitro study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Equine and bovine pulmonary arteries were removed from the lungs of euthanased horses and cattle. Measurements of isometric tension were made on isolated rings of pulmonary vessels at 37 degrees C in a Krebs' saline solution. Hypoxia was induced by bubbling with a nominally 0% O(2) gas mixture. RESULTS: A significant HPV response was observed above a baseline tension induced by phenylephrine (PE; 0.3 microm) or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; 0.1 microm). The HPV response in equine pulmonary vessels was approximately 33% less than the response observed in equivalent bovine vessels (equine 196 +/- 20%versus bovine 290 +/- 32%; p < 0.05). Removal of the endothelium (by rubbing the luminal surface) significantly reduced but did not abolish the HPV response. Incubation with the nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor N-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 100 microm), or COX-1/COX-2 inhibitor indomethacin (10 microm) markedly attenuated the HPV response in equine vessels. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that a significant HPV response exists in isolated equine pulmonary vessels; a component of this response requires a functional endothelium. Inhibition of cyclooxygenase and NO synthase attenuated the response, suggesting the involvement of a COX product and/or NO in mediating this effect either directly or indirectly. Alternatively, a non-COX related action of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, indomethacin, may be involved.  相似文献