Crude Mare Follicular Fluid Exerts Chemotactic Effects on Stallion Spermatozoa     

MC Navarro  J Valencia  C Vázquez  E Cózar  C Villanueva 《Reproduction in domestic animals》1998,33(5):321-324

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Comment on anthelmintic use in goats and the effect of route of administration     

McKenna PB 《New Zealand veterinary journal》1994,42(4):156

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Demodex spp. infestation and suspected demodicosis of alpacas ( Vicugna pacos ) in New Zealand     

Hill FI  McKenna PB  Mirams CH 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2008,56(3):148-149

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An examination of the relative reliability of laboratory case submissions in determining the prevalence of anthelmintic resistance in sheep nematodes in New Zealand, and the possible influence of test analysis methodology on such data     

McKenna PB 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2008,56(2):55-59

AIM: To evaluate the likely reliability of laboratory case submissions in assessing the prevalence of anthelmintic resistance in sheep nematodes in New Zealand, and to examine the possible influence of two alternative faecal nematode egg count reduction (FECR) analysis methodologies on such data. METHODS: A comparison was made between the prevalence of anthelmintic resistance determined using faecal egg count reduction tests (FECRTs) conducted on randomly selected sheep farms in a national survey with those derived from similar case material submitted to a veterinary pathology laboratory on a more ad-hoc basis. A comparison was also made between two alternative FECR analysis methodologies using the latter data. One methodology involved a partially differentiated procedure in which FECRs for individual nematode genera were only undertaken in those instances where reductions in total strongylid faecal nematode egg counts (FECs) (excluding Nematodirus) of <95% were recorded. The other was a fully differentiated method where reductions in FECs for individual parasites were undertaken in all cases. RESULTS: Although there were some differences between them the results showed that there were considerable similarities between the prevalence data obtained from both the national survey and laboratory case submissions. This was particularly evident in relation to the overall pattern of involvement of the various nematode genera and the types of anthelmintic concerned. A comparison between laboratory case submission data analysed using a partially differentiated FECR methodology with that of a fully differentiated procedure, however, suggested that the use of the former practice was likely to lead to the 'true' prevalence of resistance being underestimated. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicate that examination of FECRT case submissions to veterinary laboratories may offer a useful source of information regarding changes in the prevalence of anthelmintic-resistant sheep nematodes in New Zealand. They also lend support to suggestions that the recently completed national survey may have provided a conservative estimate of the prevalence of such resistance.  相似文献   

Campylobacter spp. in conventional broiler flocks in Northern Ireland: epidemiology and risk factors     

McDowell SW  Menzies FD  McBride SH  Oza AN  McKenna JP  Gordon AW  Neill SD 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2008,84(3-4):261-276

Risk factors for Campylobacter infection in conventional broiler flocks in the time period up to the first removal of birds to slaughter were investigated over a maximum of five consecutive production cycles in a cohort of 88 broiler farms in Northern Ireland. Samples for Campylobacter culture, which consisted of 14 cloacal swabs per flock, were collected from one house on each farm prior to the first depopulation of birds. In total 388 flocks were sampled, of which 163 tested positive for Campylobacter spp. (42.0%; 95% CI 35.1–48.9%).

Data on farm and flock variables were obtained from questionnaires and random-effects logistic regression modelling used to investigate the association between these and the Campylobacter status of flocks. Six variables, all of which were significant at p < 0.05, were included in the final multivariable model. These included a combined variable on the presence of rodents on farms, which showed an increased odds of infection in flocks where the farmer reported having observed rodents during the production cycle (OR = 2.1) and/or where rodent droppings were observed at the sampling visit (OR = 2.9). Other variables that were significantly associated with an increased odds of infection included the age of the birds at sampling (odds ratio for its linear effect = 1.16 for each day of increase in age), season (summer versus other seasons OR = 2.0), farms with three or more broiler houses (OR = 2.9 compared to those with one house), the frequency of footbath disinfectant changes (OR = 2.5 for once weekly and OR = 4.0 for less than once weekly compared to twice weekly changes) and a categorical variable on the standard of tidiness and cleanliness of the broiler house ante-room (OR = 2.0 and OR = 4.9 for flocks from houses with poorer standards). There was no significant evidence of direct carry-over of infection from one production cycle to the next, neither was there evidence of other farm species acting as a source of infection.  相似文献   

Comparison of two worm counting procedures for the enumeration of abomasal and small intestinal nematode parasites of sheep     

McKenna PB 《Veterinary parasitology》2008,157(3-4):254-259

A comparison was made between two worm counting procedures in sheep. One involved the washing of the abomasa and first 10m of the small intestine using a 250microm aperture sieve. The other the processing of the abomasa and total length of the small intestine using a 38microm aperture sieve. In the former case, the collection of worms and contents from the small intestine was performed by introducing water into the posterior end and then drawing it between finger and thumb, whereas in the latter instance the intestine was cut open before rinsing and washing. The data demonstrated that processing only the first 10m of the small intestine was likely to result in a serious underestimation of the total numbers of worms present. They also showed that cutting open and rinsing of this organ was unnecessary if it had already been washed out by introducing water into it. The proportions of the total numbers of both 5th and late 4th stage worms recovered using a 250microm aperture sieve were generally high. These ranged from 93 to 100% for all 5th stage worms and between 85 and 100% for late 4th stage larvae of worm genera other than Trichostrongylus where 45.8-61.5% of such larvae were recovered. However, only small proportions of early 4th stage larvae (range 7.7-33.3%) were retained by the use of a 250microm aperture sieve regardless of the parasite genus involved. It is suggested that judicious application of these findings may enable considerable time savings to be made when performing worm counts in sheep.  相似文献   

The Laurentian Great Lakes: A case study in ecological disturbance and climate change     

James E. McKenna 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2019,26(6):486-499

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A protein interaction map of Drosophila melanogaster     

Giot L  Bader JS  Brouwer C  Chaudhuri A  Kuang B  Li Y  Hao YL  Ooi CE  Godwin B  Vitols E  Vijayadamodar G  Pochart P  Machineni H  Welsh M  Kong Y  Zerhusen B  Malcolm R  Varrone Z  Collis A  Minto M  Burgess S  McDaniel L  Stimpson E  Spriggs F  Williams J  Neurath K  Ioime N  Agee M  Voss E  Furtak K  Renzulli R  Aanensen N  Carrolla S  Bickelhaupt E  Lazovatsky Y  DaSilva A  Zhong J  Stanyon CA  Finley RL  White KP  Braverman M  Jarvie T  Gold S  Leach M  Knight J  Shimkets RA  McKenna MP  Chant J  Rothberg JM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,302(5651):1727-1736

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Bovine cranial zygomycosis caused by Saksenaea vasiformis     

BD HILL  PF BLACK  M KELLY  D MUIR  WAJ MC DONALD 《Australian veterinary journal》1992,69(7):173-174

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Comparison between Cloprostenol-induced and Spontaneous Oestrus Fertility in Dairy Cows     

F Cairoli  A Mollo  MC Veronesi  B Renaville  M Faustini  M Battocchio 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2006,41(2):175-179

A short calving to conception interval is of main importance to achieve high economic efficiency in dairy cow industry. In order to reduce this interval, several hormonal treatments have been put on the market, in which cloprostenol, a synthetic analogue of prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha). The aim of this study was to compare fertility of cloprostenol-induced oestrus to that of spontaneous oestrus in dairy cows. In a group of 525 cows, 280 (treated group) were administered 0.5 mg cloprostenol i.m. after transrectal corpus luteum (CL) detection, and inseminated at detected oestrus during the following week. The other 245 cows (control group) were inseminated during spontaneous oestrus. Whey progesterone concentrations were checked at treatment and at insemination in order to remove from the study cows whose P4 levels indicate a non-functional CL, or a lack of luteolysis respectively. Moreover, cows that were not inseminated due to genital problems were also excluded from this study. Conception (59% vs 54.5%) and calving rates (93.7% vs 93%) were not significantly different between the two groups.  相似文献