Requirement for DARPP-32 in progesterone-facilitated sexual receptivity in female rats and mice     

Mani SK  Fienberg AA  O'Callaghan JP  Snyder GL  Allen PB  Dash PK  Moore AN  Mitchell AJ  Bibb J  Greengard P  O'Malley BW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2000,287(5455):1053-1056

DARPP-32, a dopamine- and adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP)-regulated phosphoprotein (32 kilodaltons in size), is an obligate intermediate in progesterone (P)-facilitated sexual receptivity in female rats and mice. The facilitative effect of P on sexual receptivity in female rats was blocked by antisense oligonucleotides to DARPP-32. Homozygous mice carrying a null mutation for the DARPP-32 gene exhibited minimal levels of P-facilitated sexual receptivity when compared to their wild-type littermates. P significantly increased hypothalamic cAMP levels and cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity. These increases were not inhibited by a D1 subclass dopamine receptor antagonist. P also enhanced phosphorylation of DARPP-32 on threonine 34 in the hypothalamus of mice. DARPP-32 activation is thus an obligatory step in progestin receptor regulation of sexual receptivity in rats and mice.  相似文献   

Antiaging technology and pseudoscience     

de Grey AD  Gavrilov L  Olshansky SJ  Coles LS  Cutler RG  Fossel M  Harman SM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,296(5568):656

  相似文献   

Microbiology     

Mitchell R 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1982,215(4529):157

  相似文献   

An evolutionarily conserved mechanism delimiting SHR movement defines a single layer of endodermis in plants   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Cui H  Levesque MP  Vernoux T  Jung JW  Paquette AJ  Gallagher KL  Wang JY  Blilou I  Scheres B  Benfey PN 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,316(5823):421-425

  相似文献   

The Air noncoding RNA epigenetically silences transcription by targeting G9a to chromatin   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Nagano T  Mitchell JA  Sanz LA  Pauler FM  Ferguson-Smith AC  Feil R  Fraser P 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,322(5908):1717-1720

  相似文献   

TDP-43 mutations in familial and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Sreedharan J  Blair IP  Tripathi VB  Hu X  Vance C  Rogelj B  Ackerley S  Durnall JC  Williams KL  Buratti E  Baralle F  de Belleroche J  Mitchell JD  Leigh PN  Al-Chalabi A  Miller CC  Nicholson G  Shaw CE 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,319(5870):1668-1672

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal motor neuron disorder characterized pathologically by ubiquitinated TAR DNA binding protein (TDP-43) inclusions. The function of TDP-43 in the nervous system is uncertain, and a mechanistic role in neurodegeneration remains speculative. We identified neighboring mutations in a highly conserved region of TARDBP in sporadic and familial ALS cases. TARDBPM337V segregated with disease within one kindred and a genome-wide scan confirmed that linkage was restricted to chromosome 1p36, which contains the TARDBP locus. Mutant forms of TDP-43 fragmented in vitro more readily than wild type and, in vivo, caused neural apoptosis and developmental delay in the chick embryo. Our evidence suggests a pathophysiological link between TDP-43 and ALS.  相似文献   

Role for the membrane receptor guanylyl cyclase-C in attention deficiency and hyperactive behavior     

Gong R  Ding C  Hu J  Lu Y  Liu F  Mann E  Xu F  Cohen MB  Luo M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6049):1642-1646

Midbrain dopamine neurons regulate many important behavioral processes, and their dysfunctions are associated with several human neuropsychiatric disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and schizophrenia. Here, we report that these neurons in mice selectively express guanylyl cyclase-C (GC-C), a membrane receptor previously thought to be expressed mainly in the intestine. GC-C activation potentiates the excitatory responses mediated by glutamate and acetylcholine receptors via the activity of guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase (PKG). Mice in which GC-C has been knocked out exhibit hyperactivity and attention deficits. Moreover, their behavioral phenotypes are reversed by ADHD therapeutics and a PKG activator. These results indicate important behavioral and physiological functions for the GC-C/PKG signaling pathway within the brain and suggest new therapeutic targets for neuropsychiatric disorders related to the malfunctions of midbrain dopamine neurons.  相似文献   

Venipuncture Techniques in Pet Rodent Species     

Sandra Mitchell DVM  Dip. ABVP 《Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine》2011,20(4):284-293

  相似文献   

Serum chemistry comparisons between captive and free-ranging giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis)     

Schmidt DA  Barbiers RB  Ellersieck MR  Ball RL  Koutsos EA  Griffin ME  Grobler D  Citino SB  Bush M 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2011,42(1):33-39

Serum chemistry analyses were compared between captive and free-ranging giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis) in an attempt to better understand some of the medical issues seen with captive giraffes. Illnesses, including peracute mortality, energy malnutrition, pancreatic disease, urolithiasis, hoof disease, and severe intestinal parasitism, may be related to zoo nutrition and management issues. Serum samples were collected from 20 captive giraffes at 10 United States institutions. Thirteen of the captive animal samples were collected from animals trained for blood collection; seven were banked samples obtained from a previous serum collection. These samples were compared with serum samples collected from 24 free-ranging giraffes in South Africa. Differences between captive and free-ranging giraffes, males and females, and adults and subadults were analyzed by using a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial and Fisher's least significant difference for mean separation; when necessary variables were ranked and analyzed via analysis of variance. Potassium and bilirubin concentrations and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities were different between captive and free-ranging giraffes, but all fell within normal bovid reference ranges. The average glucose concentration was significantly elevated in free-ranging giraffes (161 mg/dl) compared with captive giraffes (113 mg/dl). All giraffes in this study had glucose concentrations higher than bovine (42-75 mg/ dl) and caprine (48-76 mg/dl) reference ranges. Differences were also seen in lipase, chloride, and magnesium though these findings are likely not clinically significant. There were no differences detected between sexes. Adults had higher concentrations of potassium, total protein, globulins, and chloride and higher gamma glutamyltransferase activities, whereas subadults had higher concentrations of phosphorus. Within the captive group, nonimmobilized animals had higher concentrations of total protein and globulins. Captive giraffe diets need further investigation to determine if the differences seen in this study, especially glucose and bilirubin concentrations and ALT activities, may result in some health problems often seen in captive giraffes.  相似文献   

Diallyl-disulphide to reduce the numbers of sclerotia of Sclerotium cepivorum in soil     

Andrew R. Entwistle  Peter R. Merriman  Herbie L. Munasinghe  Patricia Mitchell 《Soil biology & biochemistry》1982,14(3):229-232

A single injection of 0.2 ml diallyl disulphide (DADS) at 0.156% (v/v) into soil containing naturally-produced sclerotia of Sclerotium cepivorum and maintained in the laboratory at 15°C stimulated sclerotial germination and reduced sclerotial numbers by 67%; ungerminated sclerotia remained viable. Higher concentrations of DADS had no additional effect except that at 20% (v/v), germination was slightly inhibited. A similar reduction in sclerotial numbers was obtained when the mixture of soil and sclerotia was exposed to DADS vapour. Four, monthly applications of DADS at 0.2 ml 0.15% (v/v) per application did not give a further reduction.The effect of DADS was temperature dependant, with a reduction in sclerotial numbers of 65 and 9% at 15 and 5°C respectively.  相似文献