Effect of coated plant extracts on Histomonas meleagridis and growth of bacteria in vitro   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Hauck R  Hafez HM 《Avian diseases》2007,51(4):880-883

Three coated plant extracts (RepaXol and two experimental formulations) were tested for their minimal lethal concentration for histomonads in vitro and the effect of those substances on the bacterial growth in the histomonadal culture. After 48 hr, RepaXol and experimental formulation B were lethal to histomonads at a concentration of 1.25 microl/ml. Experimental formulation C was lethal at a concentration of 2.5 microl/ml. All products also decreased the growth of bacteria at concentrations inhibiting the growth of histomonads.  相似文献   

Effects of leptin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha on degranulation and superoxide production of polymorphonuclear neutrophils from Holstein cows     

Ahmed M  Kimura K  Soliman M  Yamaji D  Okamatsu-Ogura Y  Makondo K  Inanami O  Saito M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(2):125-131

Leptin, a pleiotropic hormone regulating food intake and energy expenditure, has been shown to directly modulate human polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) functions or indirectly through the action of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). Bovine PMN have considerable different characteristics from human PMN. For example, it does not respond to N-formyl-Methionyl-Leucyl-phenylalanine, a well known human PMN activator. In the present study, we tested the effects of leptin and TNF-alpha on superoxide production and degranulation of bovine peripheral PMN, in which both long isoform of leptin receptor (Ob-Rb) and TNF receptor 1 were expressed. Human leptin, human TNF-alpha, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and opsonized zymosan particles (OZP) did not stimulate degranulation responses, while zymosan-activated serum (ZAS) did. Neither leptin nor TNF-alpha enhanced the ZAS-induced degranulation responses. TNF-alpha, PMA, OZP and ZAS increased superoxide production in different magnitudes, whereas leptin did not. TNF-alpha, but not leptin, enhanced OZP- and ZAS-induced superoxide production, possibly, in part due to facilitating translocation of p47(phox), a component of NADPH oxidase. These results indicate that, unlike in human PMN, leptin does not have any direct effect on degranulation and superoxide production in bovine PMN, although TNF-alpha influences superoxide production.  相似文献   

Effectiveness of mating disruption with TUTATEC® dispensers against Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in heated greenhouses in southern Tunisia     

Chouikhi  Sabrine  Assadi  Besma Hamrouni  Abbes  Khaled  Bkhiti  Imen  Grissa Lebdi  Kaouthar  Belkadhi  Mohamed Sadok 《Phytoparasitica》2023,51(2):273-283

Phytoparasitica - Tomato production in geothermal greenhouses in Tunisia showed remarkable growth during the last decade and has been considered an important economic sector within the Tunisian...  相似文献   

Exploring the mechanisms underlying the toxicity of boric acid against the land snail,Theba pisana     

Mohamed A Radwan  Amira F Gad 《Pest management science》2023,79(5):1692-1701

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Field evaluation of glutathione and glutamic acid as host marking pheromones for control of Tephritid fruit flies in a mango orchard in Kenya     

Xavier Cheseto  Hillary Kirwa  Samira Abuelgasim Mohamed  Sunday Ekesi  John J Beck  Baldwyn Torto 《Pest management science》2023,79(4):1585-1592

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Towards sustainable farming systems: Effectiveness and deficiency of the French procedure of sustainable agriculture   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Mohamed Gafsi  Bruno Legagneux  Genevive Nguyen  Patrice Robin 《Agricultural Systems》2006,90(1-3):226-242

There is a widespread consensus about the importance of sustainable agriculture. In France, the Farming Orientation Law of July 1999 has set down a precise procedure for the implementation of sustainable agriculture: the contrat territorial d’exploitation – or territorial farm contract (TFC). This paper aims to analyse the TFC effectiveness. An analysis has been made of the TFCs signed in the Midi-Pyrenees Region in south-western France, using statistical analysis and qualitative surveys of a sample of farms. The results show that the most valuable effects have been mainly economic. Effects regarding social and environmental aspects were very limited. But from the point of view of an integrated approach, indirect effects of TFCs can be observed on social and environmental aspects. These results are explained, on the one hand, by farmers’ motivations guided by economic objectives, and on the other hand, by the dominance of professional farming organisations in the implementation of TFC’s procedure. Given these results, two ways of improving the elaboration procedure for TFCs are proposed. Firstly, technical improvements can be made to the diagnostic assessment of farms, and to the choice of actions addressed by the contract. Secondly, organisational improvements can be applied to TFCs elaboration and implementation process, in order to adopt a participatory approach which would involve all rural stakeholders.  相似文献   

Relative Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance among Heterotrophic Bacteria from Natural and Culture Environments of Freshwater Prawn,Macrobrachium Rosenbergii          下载免费PDF全文

Abdulla A. Mohamed Hatha  A. Deborah Gnana Selvam  Ambatt P Thomas 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2016,47(4):470-480

As antibiotic residues and multidrug‐resistant (MDR) bacteria are of increasing concern to those involved in the seafood industry, there is an intense international focus to monitor MDR bacteria in seafood. There is also a trend to source seafood from organically raised farms in order to reduce antibiotic usage in culture operations. Hence this study was conducted to compare the antibiotic resistance among bacteria associated with various samples from the natural and culture environment of Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Samples from the natural environment included water, sediment, eggs, larvae, postlarvae (PL), feed items, and gut samples of M. rosenbergii and those from the culture environment were water, sediment, eggs, feed pellets, and gut samples of M. rosenbergii. Bacteria from water samples of natural and culture environments were frequently resistant to ampicillin, erythromycin, and penicillin, while more than 50% of the strains from sediment were resistant to erythromycin, nalidixic acid, and penicillin. Bacterial isolates from commercial feed had a relatively high degree of antibiotic resistance. Interestingly, occurrence of multiple drug resistance was higher among the bacteria associated with the samples from the natural environment of M. rosenbergii, pointing to more favorable selection pressure for drug resistant mutants in the natural environment.  相似文献   

Effects of salinity on the growth and proximate composition of selected tropical marine periphytic diatoms and cyanobacteria     

Helena Khatoon  Sanjoy Banerjee  Fatimah Md Yusoff  Mohamed Shariff 《Aquaculture Research》2010,41(9):1348-1355

Marine periphytic cyanobacteria and diatoms have been examined as a potential source of feed supplement for rearing aquatic larvae in the aquaculture industry. Culture of the periphytic diatom Amphora sp., Navicula sp., Cymbella sp. and the cyanobacteria Oscillatoria sp. at different salinities showed significant changes in biomass and specific growth rates. Diatoms growth was significantly higher at 35 g L⁻¹, while for cyanobacteria growth was better at 25 g L⁻¹. Significantly higher levels of protein and lipid were found in diatoms at low salinities (15–25 g L⁻¹) and an increase in carbohydrate at high salinities (30–35 g L⁻¹). Conversely, cyanobacteria showed a significantly higher lipid content at 30–35 g L⁻¹ compared with other salinity levels but no significant changes were observed in the protein and carbohydrate contents at different salinity levels. The present findings can be taken into consideration when culturing marine periphytic Amphora sp., Navicula sp., Cymbella sp. and Oscillatoria sp. to provide appropriate levels of protein, lipid and carbohydrate as feed supplement as well as for bioremediation in aquaculture.  相似文献   

Phenolic Profiles,Phytchemicals and Mineral Content of Decoction and Infusion of Opuntia ficus-indica Flowers     

Imene Ammar  Monia Ennouri  Mohamed Bouaziz  Amal Ben Amira  Hamadi Attia 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2015,70(4):388-394

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Floristic diversity and vegetation patterns along disturbance gradient in arid coasts in southern Mediterranean: Case of the Gulf of Gabès,southern Tunisia     

Mohamed Neji  Mohamed Moncef Serbaji  Olivier Hardy  Mohamed Chaieb 《Arid Land Research and Management》2018,32(3):291-315

Knowledge about vegetation patterns along disturbance gradients is essential for conservation and management of coastal habitats in arid regions. This study focuses on the floristic diversity and the factors controlling the vegetation structure in the Gulf of Gabès (Tunisia). For this purpose, the floristic diversity of 120 relevés belonging to three coastal sites with different disturbance levels (40 relevés per site) was analyzed in relation with 10 environmental and anthropogenic factors. Therophytes constitute 54% of the 237 plants species belonging to 44 families identified in the present study. The species richness and floristic diversity indices exhibited a similar trend and peaked in the slightly disturbed site (H′?=?3.38; S?=?176). The similarity between sites was relatively low and reached its maximum between the little and the highly disturbed sites. Two-way indicator species analysis and detrended correspondence analysis applied on the floristic data resulted in groups mainly determined by disturbance level by explicitly segregating the three sites. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) indicated that the spatial pattern of species composition was mainly influenced by anthropogenic variables. Partial CCA revealed that the effect of anthropogenic variables on floristic composition was thrice higher than the effect of environmental variables (57.5% vs. 18.4%, respectively). Overall, this study provides a broad understanding of the floristic diversity and vascular plant richness in the Gulf of Gabès. The obtained results reflected a disturbance–diversity pattern and thus revealed the obvious importance of maintaining the intermediate disturbance for biodiversity conservation and monitoring.  相似文献