Rapeseed Meal and egg taint     

A. Hobson‐Frohock  R. G. Fenwick  D. G. Land  R. F. Curtis  A. L. Gulliver 《British poultry science》1975,16(2):219-222

1. Certain rapeseed meals in the diet of hens laying brown eggs result in the production, from some birds, of eggs which have a “ fishy ” or “ crabby ” odour because of the presence of trimethylamine.

2. Such susceptible birds have been used to demonstrate that the activity can be extracted from rapeseed meal with appropriate solvents.  相似文献   

Behaviour of egg shell under compression in relation to deformation measurements1     

P. W. Voisey  R. M. G. Hamilton 《British poultry science》1975,16(5):461-470

1. The egg does not completely obey Hook's law when compressed between flat surfaces.

2. Deformation was not completely reversible due to crumbling at the points of contact with the force.

3. There are three components of non‐destructive deformation: (a) local deformation at the points of contact, (b) local surface crumbling and (c) deformation of the over‐all shell structure.

4. The latter two are uncontrolled, contributing to errors in the prediction of fracture force and depending on the non‐destructive force applied.

5. These effects should be considered in test selection and interpretation.

6. The optimum non‐destructive force was found to be 1 kg.  相似文献   

Enzyme activity in cell cultures infected with herpesvirus suis]     

G Tatarov  A Vesselinova 《Archiv fuer experimentelle veterinaermedizin》1975,29(4):483-489

The activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and lactage dehydrogenase (LDH) was studied in chick-embryo fibroblast cultures after inoculation of the virulent strain "A2" and the avirulent strain "MK" of herpesvirus suum. Strain "A2" reduced SDH activity, and so did strain MK, but here the decrease of enzyme activity was slower, and it did not become evident until the 24th hour. LDH activity fluctuated after "A2" infection but was generally increased, while there was no change in LDH activity, compared with uninfected control cells, after "MK" infection. When interaction of cell and virus took place in the presence of 5-iodo-2-desoxyuridine (IUDR), strain "A2" produced little change in the enzymes, but "MK" infection was accompanied by a definite fall in SDH and a slight increase in LDH. The presence of IUDR inhibited the proliferation of the virulent strain but had no apparent effect on proliferation of the attenuated strain "MK". Investigation of the enzyme activity of cells infected with Aujeszky's disease virus has revealed new biological properties of the virus, which might serve to distinguish between different strains of the virus.  相似文献   

THE USE OF FLUFF COUNTS IN A STUDY OF HYGIENE IN QUEENSLAND HATCHERIES     

J. E. McGaw B.Sc.  R. V. Byrnes B.Sc.  Q.D.A.  † G. C. Simmons B.Sc. 《Australian veterinary journal》1975,51(8):389-391

During 1972, 333 fluff samples were tested from 13 Queensland hatcheries and assessed according to the English standards for total count, coliforms and fungi. They were also assessed as being "standard" or "substandard", using a combination of the criteria of the English system. All hatcheries had at least 2 substandard samples and all the samples from 2 hatcheries were substandard.  相似文献   

The role of histamine and fish meal in the incidence of gizzard erosion and pro‐ventricular abnormalities in the fowl     

E. G. Harry  J. F. Tucker  A. P. Laursen‐Jones 《British poultry science》1975,16(1):69-78

1. The role of certain fish meals in the production of localised gizzard erosion is confirmed.

2. Lesions typical of gizzard erosion could be produced by the addition of histamine to the diet.

3. The amount of histamine occurring naturally in fish meal depends on the species of fish and the extent and nature of bacterial spoilage.

4. These variables may explain why histamine has not been implicated previously and also why there have not been consistent associations between the condition and geographical source or common factors in bulk consignments of the meal.  相似文献   

Efficacy of two dichlorvos formulations against larval and adult Hyostrongylus rubidus in swine.     

T B Stewart  O M Hale  O G Marti 《American journal of veterinary research》1975,36(6):771-772

Coated (V-13) and uncoated (V-22) formulations of dichlorvos were used to treat experimentally established Hyostrongylus rubidus infections of pigs at intervals after exposure to infective larvae. Both dichlorvos formulations were efficacious against the adult stomach worm H rubidus, but showed little or no activity against 5- or 15-day-old worms. Neither formulation was as effective against H rubidus in sows as in barrows and gilts.  相似文献   

Endotoxin from Fusobacterium necrophorum of bovine hepatic abscess origin.     

J F Warner  W H Fales  R C Sutherland  G W Teresa 《American journal of veterinary research》1975,36(7):1015-1019

The endotoxic activity of Fusobacterium necrophorum bov 5 was investigated. The supernatant (S) fluid and cell wall (CW) preparation, obtained after differential centrifugation of the ruptured cell mass, were lethal for mice. The toxicity of the S fluid was stable during prolonged storage, treatment with formalin, and heating for 15 minutes at 80, 100, and 121 C, but was destroyed by alkaline hydrolysis with 0.25 N NaOH. The toxic factor was found in a high molecular weight (MW) fraction after gel filtration. The properties exhibited by the toxic S fluid resembled those of endotoxic lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Extracted and partially purified LPS (endotoxin) from F necrophorum bov 5 demonstrated a mouse median lethal dose (mouse LD50) of 16.8 mg/kg of body weight. The toxic LPS material, a high molecular weight moiety as estimated by gel filtration, was resistant to ribonuclease (RNase), deoxyribonuclease (DNase), and pronase treatment. A positive Shwartzman reaction (median skin lesion dose (SLD50) equal to 3.32 mug/kg of body weight) and biphasic fever response (minimal dose required to produce a fever index of 40 sq cm which falls on the linear portion of dose-response curve (FL40) equal to 0.41 mug/kg of body weight) further indicated the toxin was endotoxin in nature. The LPS from F necrophorum bov 5 was less toxic than Salmonella typhimurium LPS; but had considerable toxicity for experimental animals. The toxic activity of the partially purified F necrophorum bov 5 endotoxin was separated into 2 fraction regions by diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-cellulose chromatography. The data provide evidence for the production of a potent endotoxin, possibly composed of more than one toxic component, which may be released upon cell disruption.  相似文献   

Elimination of sulfamethazine from edible tissues, blood, urine, and feces of turkey poults.     

G E Heath  D A Kline  C J Barnes  D H Showalter 《American journal of veterinary research》1975,36(7):913-917

Sulfamethazine was administered to 8- to 10-week-old turkey poults intravenously (IV) at the dose level of 71.5 mg/kg of body weight, orally at the dose level of 143 mg/kg of body weight, or in the drinking water at the concentration of 0.1% over a 6-day period. The concentrations of free sulfamethazine in blood, muscle, skin, kidney, and liver were determined and semilogarithmic plots of concentration vs time for the various tissues indicated that the curve had a linear portion within the first 72-hour period of drug withdrawal. The rates of disappearance of sulfamethazine from the various tissues were proportional to the concentration in the tissues. After 72 hours of withdrawal and for as long as 14 days, sulfamethazine concentrations in kidney, liver, and skin of turkeys given the drug in the drinking water fluctuated between 0.1 and 0.4 ppm. Only 8.6% of the oral dose (143 mg/kg) and 16.5 to 17% of the IV dose (71.5 mg/kg) were recovered in urine and feces as the parent compound during the initial 72-hour period.  相似文献   

Studies on effects of certain quinones: III. Photosynthetic 14CO2 incorporation by Rhodospirillum rubrum     

J. Saxena  H.C. Sikka  G. Zweig 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1975,5(2):189-195

Substituted naphthoquinones, 2,3,-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone, and 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone produced marked changes in the pattern of ¹⁴C-distribution during ¹⁴CO₂-fixation by photosynthetic bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum. The most obvious change in the labeling pattern during photoautotrophic ¹⁴CO₂-fixation was a several-fold increase in 3-phosphoglyceric acid accompanied with a decrease in the amount of glutamate. In photoheterotrophic cells, quinones caused an appreciable increase in ¹⁴C-glycolic acid and concomitant decrease, although not proportional, in the amount of ¹⁴C-sugar phosphate. The level of ¹⁴C-incorporated in poly-β-hydroxybutyrate and ether-extractable lipids was considerably decreased in photoautotrophic and photoheterotrophic cells treated with quinones. The ability of quinones to interfere with the synthesis of NADH and ATP, and their ability to interact with sulfhydryl enzymes and coenzymes appears to be responsible for the changes observed.  相似文献   

Effect of 2,4,5-T and picloram on the regeneration of blackberry (Rubus procerus P.J. Muell) from root segments     

R. G. RICHARDSON  R. L. AMOR 《Weed Research》1975,15(4):227-231

The formation of roots and shoots on root segments of Rubus procerus P.J. Muell was prevented by soaking the segments for 24 h in a 10^?4M solution of 2,4,5-T or a 10^?5M solution of picloram. Shoot numbers were significantly increased after treatment with 10^?9M and 10^?10M 2,4,5-T, but picloram did not cause a significant increase in shoot numbers. Measurement of the concentration of 2,4,5-T in the extracambial tissue showed that roots treated with 10^?4M 2,4,5-T contained 5× 10^?8 mmole 2,4,5-T per mg dry weight, and by extrapolation, roots treated with 10^?9M 2,4,5-T contained 2× 10^?10 mmole/mg dry weight. Action du 2,4,5-T et du piclorame sur la régénération de la ronce (Rubus procerus P.J. Muell) è partir de fragments de racines La formation de racines et de tiges è partir de fragments de racines dc Ruhus procerus P.J. Muell a été supprimée par trempage des fragmenls pendant 24 heures dans une solution a 10^?4M et de 2.4,5-T, ou dans une solution 10^?5M de piclorame. Le nombre de pousses s'est accru significativement après traitement avec le 2,4,5.-T è 10^?9M et 10^?10M, mais le piclorame n'a pas provoqué d'accroissemcnt significatif du nombre de pousses. La mesure de la concentration de 2,4,5-T dans le tissu extra-cambial a montré que les racines trailées avec du 2,4,5-T è 10^?4M contenaient 5×10^?8 mmole de 2.4,5-T par mg de poids sec et par extrapolation, quc les racines traitées avec du 2,4,5-T k 10^?9M devaient contenir 2 × 10^?12 mmole/mg de poids sec. Die Wirkiing von 2,4,5-T und Picloram auf den Wuchs der Wurzehegmenten von Bromheeren (Rubus procerus P.J. Muell). Die Bildung von Wurzeln und Sprossen aus Wurzelsegmen-ten von Ruhu.i procerus P.J. Muell wurde durch 24-stündiges Einlegen der Wurzelstücke in 10^?4M 2,4,5-T bzw 10^?5M Picloram verhindert. Die Anzahl neugebiideter Sprosse wurde nach Einlegen in 10^?9M und 10^?10M 2,4,5-T, nicht jedoch durch Picloram, signifikant erhöht. Im extracambialen Gewebe von Wurzeln, die mit 10^?4M 2,4,5-T behand-elt worden waren, wurden 5×10^?8mMol 2,4,5-T je mg Trockengewiclu bestimmt. Durch Extrapolation wurde ermittclt. dass mit 10^?9M 2,4,5-T behandelte Wurzeln 2× 10^?12mMol/mg Trockengewicht cnthielten.  相似文献