“花艽-6”对小鼠非特异性免疫功能的影响     

焦伟丽  李培锋  石瑞丽  贾彦彬  杨占君  何毕力格  孙秀蕊 《动物医学进展》2012,(8):37-41

为研究抗类风湿性关节炎蒙药组方花艽-6对正常小鼠和非特异性免疫功能低下模型小鼠非特异性免疫功能的作用,采用碳廓清法、重量法、ELISA法和CCK-8法,研究不同剂量的花艽-6对正常小鼠和氢化可的松(HC)致非特异性免疫低下小鼠的单核巨噬细胞吞噬功能、免疫器官重量、血清溶菌酶含量、脾NK细胞活性及IL-12分泌量等指标的影响。结果表明,低剂量(4g/kg)的花艽-6能显著恢复HC致非特异性免疫低下小鼠的单核巨噬细胞吞噬功能、免疫器官重量系数、血清中溶菌酶含量及脾NK细胞的活性,同时提高正常小鼠的单核巨噬细胞吞噬功能和血清中溶菌酶含量;高剂量(16g/kg)的花艽-6能显著提高和恢复HC致非特异性免疫低下小鼠的器官重量系数、血清中溶菌酶含量及脾NK细胞的吞噬率。提示低、高剂量的花艽-6均可显著提高正常小鼠和恢复HC致免疫低下小鼠的非特异性免疫功能。  相似文献   

野生大豆ZYD00006回交导入系构建     

蒋洪蔚  李灿东  李瑞超  李莹莹  尹燕斌  马占洲  曾庆力  张闻博  刘春燕  陈庆山 《中国油料作物学报》2020,42(1):8-16

为挖掘野生大豆优异稀有基因，2006年至今以栽培大豆绥农14（轮回亲本）与野生大豆ZYD00006（供体 亲本）为双亲材料，经杂交、回交，标记辅助选择构建获得一套覆盖野生大豆全基因组的染色体片段导入系（代换 系）。该群体共 192个株系，包含野生大豆目标导入片段 237个，平均每个连锁群的导入片段个数为 11.85个；导入 片段总长度1865.17 cM，覆盖整个基因组的82.43%。其中L连锁群野生大豆基因组覆盖率最高，为100%，N连锁群 覆盖最低为 53.17%。最长导入片段 43.30 cM，最短导入片段 0.22 cM。高度一致的遗传背景对大豆重要基因及野 生大豆特有优异基因挖掘具有重要意义。同时，野生资源的引入极大丰富了栽培大豆的遗传基础，进而使得导入 系后代表型变异丰富，为大豆遗传育种提供重要的材料基础。  相似文献   

辣椒内生菌的分离及拮抗菌的筛选与鉴定   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李娟  夏延斌  蔡文韬 《农产品加工．学刊》2013,(1)

用稀释分离法从健康辣椒植株的茎、叶、果肉中共分离得到植物内生菌88株,其中细菌有65株,真菌有21株,放线菌2株.用平板对峙法从中筛选出内生菌003和X两株对辣椒疫霉病菌、辣椒绿霉病菌、辣椒炭疽病菌3种病原菌具有明显拮抗作用的菌株,得出抑制率为34.80％～48.0％.根据菌株形态、生理生化特性对菌株003和菌株X进行了初步鉴定,结果显示菌株003和菌株X都为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus).  相似文献   

Oral vaccination of brushtail possums with BCG: Investigation into factors that may influence vaccine efficacy and determination of duration of protection     

BM Buddle  FE Aldwell  DL Keen  NA Parlane  KL Hamel  GW de Lisle 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(5):224-230

AIMS: To determine factors that may influence the efficacy of an oral pelleted vaccine containing Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) to induce protection of brushtail possums against tuberculosis. To determine the duration of protective immunity following oral administration of BCG.

METHODS: In Study 1, a group of possums (n=7) was immunised by feeding 10 pellets containing dead Pasteur BCG, followed 15 weeks later with a single pellet of live Pasteur BCG. At that time, four other groups of possums (n=7 per group) were given a single pellet of live Pasteur BCG orally, a single pellet of live Danish BCG orally, 10 pellets of live Pasteur BCG orally, or a subcutaneous injection of live Pasteur BCG. For the oral pelleted vaccines, BCG was formulated into a lipid matrix, and each pellet contained approximately 10⁷ colony forming units (cfu) of BCG, while the vaccine injected subcutaneously contained 10⁶ cfu of BCG. A sixth, non-vaccinated, group (n=7) served as a control. All possums were challenged by the aerosol route with a low dose of virulent M. bovis 7 weeks after vaccination, and killed 7–8 weeks after challenge. Protection against challenge with M. bovis was assessed from pathological and bacteriological findings.

In Study 2, lipid-formulated live Danish BCG was administered orally to three groups of possums (10–11 per group), and these possums were challenged with virulent M. bovis 8, 29 or 54 weeks later. The possums were killed 7 weeks after challenge, to assess protection in comparison to a non-vaccinated group.

RESULTS: The results from Study 1 showed that vaccine efficacy was not adversely affected by feeding dead BCG prior to live BCG. Feeding 10 vaccine pellets induced a level of protection similar to feeding a single pellet. Protection was similar when feeding possums a single pellet containing the Pasteur or Danish strains of BCG. All vaccinated groups had significantly reduced pathological changes or bacterial counts when compared to the non-vaccinated group. In Study 2, oral administration of Danish BCG induced protection against challenge with M. bovis, which persisted for at least 54 weeks after vaccination. Some protection was observed in possums challenged 54 weeks after vaccination, but this protection was significantly less than that observed in groups vaccinated 29 or 8 weeks prior to challenge. There was a strong relationship between the proportion of animals producing positive lymphocyte proliferation responses to M. bovis antigens and protection against challenge with M. bovis.

CONCLUSIONS: Factors considered potentially capable of interfering with vaccination, including feeding dead BCG to possums prior to feeding live BCG, feeding multiple doses of BCG at one time, and changing strains of BCG, were shown not to interfere with the acquisition of protective immune responses in possums. Protection against tuberculosis was undiminished up to 29 weeks after vaccination with BCG administered orally. It is concluded that vaccination of possums by feeding pellets containing BCG is a robust and efficient approach to enhance the resistance of these animals to tuberculosis.  相似文献   

Selective and on-demand drenching of lambs: Impact on parasite populations and performance of lambs     

DM Leathwick  TS Waghorn  CM Miller  DS Atkinson  NA Haack  A-M Oliver 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):305-312

AIM: To determine whether drenching regimes for lambs by which a proportion (10%) of the heaviest animals was selectively left untreated, or animals are only drenched ‘on demand’ when faecal nematode egg counts (FEC) exceeded a threshold level, would result in measurable increases in parasite larval challenge in the autumn and/or decreases in the performance of lambs.

METHODS: A replicated study compared three drenching strategies in which mobs of lambs (n=360 in total) received either: a five-drench preventive programme, administered to all animals (Treatment 1); a five-drench preventive programme, but the 10% heaviest animals left untreated each time (Treatment 2); or drench treatments administered only when FEC exceeded 500 eggs per gram of faeces (epg) (Treatment 3). After the five-drench programme, animals in Treatments 1 and 2 were treated according to FEC as for Treatment 3. A triple-combination drench containing ivermectin, oxfendazole and levamisole, administered orally, was used for all treatments. There were nine farmlets, allowing three replicates of each treatment, in a completely randomised design. Parasite infestations on pasture were measured in autumn by pasture plucks, and worm burdens were monitored in tracer lambs, while the performance of lambs was assessed by liveweight gains, fleece weights, and body condition and dag scores.

RESULTS: Increased numbers of Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis larvae on pasture were found in the autumn on farmlets treating selectively or on-demand (Treatments 2 and 3). No differences were detected in other parasite species. Mean liveweight gains did not differ between treatments but some differences were detected between drenched and undrenched lambs in Treatment 2. Mean body condition and mean dag scores of lambs in Treatment 3 tended to be lower and higher, respectively, than those of lambs in Treatment 1; Treatment 2 was generally intermediate.

CONCLUSIONS: Drenching strategies for lambs designed to slow the development of anthelmintic resistance, by increasing the pool of susceptible worms available to dilute resistant survivors after treatment, resulted in increased numbers of H. contortus and T. colubriformis but not other species of parasite on pasture. The increased parasite challenge to lambs in the autumn was associated with small production losses, which may be acceptable to farmers wishing to implement such strategies. It is clear that further work is required on the interaction between management practices and the population dynamics of parasites, especially with regard to creating pools of susceptible genotypes to slow the development of drench resistance.  相似文献   

青贮对天然草原牧草长链脂肪酸的影响     

那亚  王宗礼  孙启忠 《中国草地学报》2013,35(4)

以呼伦贝尔草原四种不同草地类型牧草为研究对象,分别对其进行单贮、混贮处理,研究不同青贮处理对不同草地类型牧草长链脂肪酸的构成及含量的影响.结果表明:四种草地类型不同处理样品所含长链脂肪酸的成分相同,都以亚麻酸和棕榈酸为主,亚油酸含量也比较高;四种草地类型不同处理间各长链脂肪酸的含量均有所差异,混贮处理对各长链脂肪酸含量变化的影响最大.混贮处理后贝加尔针茅硬脂酸(P＜0.01)、亚油酸(P＜0.05)的含量明显升高,油酸明显下降(P＜0.05);四种草地经不同处理后同一草地类型取样点之间长链脂肪酸含量的差异不大.  相似文献   

内蒙古自治区区域协调问题与对策研究     

那玉林 《湖北农业科学》2013,52(2)

内蒙古自治区与相关区域构成了一个复杂、开放的区域系统,其内部主要由自然区、行政区、主体功能区等组成;区域协调内容包括内蒙古自治区与全国的协调、内蒙古自治区东部与西部的协调、呼和浩特、包头、鄂尔多斯(简称呼包鄂,下同)三市协调、内蒙古自治区与俄罗斯等国家的协调、内蒙古自治区与相关省市自治区的协调、自然区与行政区的协调、行政区与主体功能区的协调、城市与农牧区的协调等;存在着许多社会经济指标低于全国平均水平、东部与西部社会经济等方面差距过大、出口依存度太低与外贸逆差过大、与相关省市自治区自然资源及产业的互补性差、地方利益与流域全局利益矛盾尖锐、主体功能区跨界缺乏统一领导、呼包鄂三市产业同构化现象趋于明显、城乡差距过大等问题;应该采取加强内蒙古自治区区域协调研究、编制区域协调规划、建立区域协调组织、利用调控手段促进区域协调发展和构建区域协调内在机制等对策.  相似文献   

水稻生产机械专利技术分析     

李静  王贺  解保胜  那永光  袁亚莉 《北方水稻》2014,(3):36-38

在水稻生产机械的产业化中,相关的知识产权问题乃是众多法律问题中的基础性问题,而所进行的与水稻生产机械相关的专利权检索则为黑龙江省制定相应的知识产权战略提供了基础性数据,使最终的战略制定更为科学。在对相应检索范围进行框定,检索数据进行筛选、整理与分析的基础上,得出相应的科学结论,并从如何提高黑龙江省专利申请水平、加强各方主体的职能与合作、保护农民权益等角度提出了建议。  相似文献   

秸秆覆盖和水分控制条件对垄作沟灌夏玉米生长和产量的影响     

傅渝亮  汪顺生  李彦彬 《节水灌溉》2021,(11):74-82

为探究垄作沟灌方式下秸秆覆盖对夏玉米节水效应的影响,通过设置4种秸秆覆盖量(M0:0、M1:1500 kg/hm2、M2:4500 kg/hm2、M3:7500 kg/hm2)和4种水分控制下限(I1:55％FC、I2:60％FC、I3:70％FC和I4:80％FC)进行垄作沟灌夏玉米种植试验,研究了不同秸秆覆盖量和水分控制下限条件对垄作沟灌夏玉米生长发育、水分利用效率和产量的影响.结果表明:各处理下夏玉米株高随水分控制下限的增大呈现先增大后减小的趋势,水分下限相同时,秸秆覆盖为4500 kg/hm2和7500 kg/hm2能显著提高夏玉米株高.水分控制下限60％FC～80％FC时,秸秆覆盖量为4500 kg/km2时夏玉米叶面积达到最大,其叶面积的促进作用最为显著.在一定水分下限范围内,秸秆覆盖量越大,越有利于夏玉米干物质积累量的提高;秸秆覆盖量相同时,夏玉米地上干物质积累量随水分控制下限的提高而增大.由水分控制下限55％FC到60％FC、70％FC以及80％FC,夏玉米全生育期内耗水量平均涨幅分别为5.06％、11.45％及23.48％.水分、秸秆覆盖以及其耦合处理对夏玉米产量、WUE和PUE的影响均达到极显著水平(p<0.01),水分控制下限为70％FC处理、秸秆覆盖量4500 kg/hm2时,夏玉米的产量(6922.54 kg/hm2)、WUE(2.09 kg/m3)和PUE(5.48 kg/m3)均最高,即I3M3为最佳处理.  相似文献   

奶牛繁殖障碍的防治   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

王艳萍  曾维斌 《黑龙江动物繁殖》2008,16(4)

本文围绕引起奶牛繁殖障碍的3个主要因素(饲养管理不当、生殖器管疾病和繁殖技术失误),从奶牛繁殖障碍的发病原因、临床症状、诊断方法、治疗原则以及预防对策上进行了概述。  相似文献