Serological detection of phage infection in Chlamydia psittaci recovered from ducks     

E J Bacon  S J Richmond  D J Wood  P Stirling  B J Bevan  W S Chalmers 《The Veterinary record》1986,119(25-26):618-620

Antiserum prepared against a phage which infects a Chlamydia psittaci isolate recovered from domestic ducks was used to screen other recent avian C psittaci isolates by indirect immunofluorescence. Two more phage infected strains from ducks were discovered. However, phage was not detected in every isolate examined from common source ducks, although such birds are likely to be infected with the same C psittaci strain. Moreover, phage could not always be demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence in McCoy cell monolayers infected with the phage-containing strain. The results suggest that phage infection is probably an integral part of duck chlamydiosis in the United Kingdom at present, but that the infection is often cryptic.  相似文献   

A review of the selectivity of fungicides in agriculture and horticulture     

Robert J. W. Byrde  Donald V. Richmond 《Pest management science》1976,7(4):372-378

Protectant fungicides rely for their selectivity on physical barriers (e.g. the leaf cuticle) between their deposits and the protoplasts of the host plant. Systemic fungicides, by contrast, come into direct contact with host cells and need to be more selective. Nevertheless, important side-effects can occur, involving higher plants, animals and other microorganisms; examples of these are cited. Sometimes mycelium and spores of the target fungus show differing susceptibility; also, activity of a fungicide in vitro does not always reflect its effectiveness in vivo. An extreme form of selectivity is the undesirable emergence of insensitive strains from an otherwise sensitive fungal species.  相似文献   

Involvement of PAPP‐A and IGFR1 in Cystic Ovarian Disease in Cattle          下载免费PDF全文

FM Rodríguez  M Colombero  AN Amweg  E Huber  NC Gareis  NR Salvetti  HH Ortega  F Rey 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2015,50(4):659-668

Cystic ovarian disease (COD) is one of the main causes of infertility in dairy cattle. It has been shown that intra‐ovarian factors, such as members of the insulin‐like growth factor (IGF) system, may contribute to follicular persistence. The bioavailability of IGF to initiate its response by binding to specific receptors (IGFRs) depends on interactions with related compounds, such as pregnancy‐associated plasma protein A (PAPP‐A). The aim of this study was to determine IGFR1 and PAPP‐A expression both in follicles at different stages of development and in cysts, to evaluate the roles in the etiopathogenesis of COD in cattle. The mRNA expression of PAPP‐A was higher in granulosa cells of large tertiary follicles than in cysts, whereas the protein PAPP‐A present in the follicular fluid from these follicles showed no differences. Although no PAPP‐A mRNA expression was detected in smaller tertiary follicles, in their follicular fluid, this protease was detected in lesser concentration than in cysts. The mRNA expression of IGFR1 was lower in granulosa cells from cystic follicles than in those from tertiary ones. However, the protein expression of this receptor presented the highest levels in cystic structures, probably to increase the possibility of IGF response. The data obtained would indicate that animals with COD have an altered regulation of the IGF system in the ovary, which could be involved in the pathogenesis of this disease in cattle.  相似文献   

Does resource‐mediated stress affect colony personality in leaf‐cutting ants?     

Lailla C Gandra  Karina D Amaral  Joel C Couceiro  Raul NC Guedes  Terezinha MC Della Lucia 《Pest management science》2021,77(1):96-103

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Acute small intestinal obstruction associated with Parascaris equorum infection in young horses: 25 cases (1985–2004)     

NC Cribb  NM Coté  LP Bouré  AS Peregrine 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):338-343

AIMS: To retrospectively evaluate the medical and surgical records of horses with acute small intestinal obstructions associated with Parascaris equorum infection; to describe the gastrointestinal lesions; and to determine the outcome of cases with such lesions.

METHODS: Records of 25 horses with acute small intestinal obstruction associated with P. equorum between 1985 and 2004 were reviewed to determine signalment, history, physical examination, surgical or post-mortem findings, and outcome.

RESULTS: All horses except one were less than 12 months old. Standardbreds were over-represented in the population studied. Sixteen horses (72%) had been administered anthelmintics, including pyrantel (n=8), ivermectin (n=7), and trichlorphon (n=1), within 24 h prior to the onset of colic. Of the 25 cases reviewed, 16 had simple obstructive ascarid impactions (SOAIs), and nine had complicated obstructive ascarid impaction (COAI) including volvulus (n=6) or intussusception (n=3), both concurrent with ascarid impaction of the small intestine. Short-term survival (discharge from hospital) occurred in 79% of horses treated for SOAI, and was 64% for all horses. Long-term survival (>1 year) occurred in 33% of horses with SOAI, and the overall long-term survival was 27% for all horses. Formation of adhesions was the most frequent finding associated with death for horses that did not survive long-term.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The incidence of anthelmintic treatment within 24 h of the onset of colic in this study population (72%) was higher than that previously reported. Resistance of P. equorum to ivermectin recently reported in Ontario may be associated with increased ascarid burdens, predisposing horses to ascarid impaction. The long-term survival of these horses was better than that reported previously.  相似文献   

Assessing the spatial distribution of Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) eggs in open‐field tomato cultivation through geostatistical analysis          下载免费PDF全文

Júlio C Martins  Marcelo C Picanço  Ricardo S Silva  Alfredo HR Gonring  Tarcísio VS Galdino  Raul NC Guedes 《Pest management science》2018,74(1):30-36

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Acute myelogenous leukaemia in a mare     

NC RINGGER  L. EDENS  P. BAIN  RE RASKIN  R. LAROCK 《Australian veterinary journal》1997,75(5):329-331

SUMMARY: A 5-year-old Thoroughbred mare presented with a 4 week history of weight loss, fever and leukopenia. Rectally, a large active foetus, thickened spleen and an abdominal mass were palpated. Leukopenia, mild anaemia, marked thrombocytopenia and hyperfibrinogenaemia were found. Cytology and cytochemical staining of a bone marrow aspirate supported a diagnosis of acute myelogenous leukaemia. The mare deteriorated despite medical therapy and was humanely euthanased.  相似文献   

Performance and carcass quality of steers supplemented with zinc oxide or zinc methionine   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

L W Greene  D K Lunt  F M Byers  N K Chirase  C E Richmond  R E Knutson  G T Schelling 《Journal of animal science》1988,66(7):1818-1823

Forty-five Angus steers (avg initial wt 330 kg) were individually fed for 112 d to assess the value of supplemental Zn and source on performance and carcass quality. Steers had ad libitum access to a control diet (81 ppm Zn) of 33% whole corn, 33% ground milo, 15% cottonseed hulls and 13% cottonseed meal, or this control diet with 360 mg Zn/d added from either zinc methionine or zinc oxide. Steers were slaughtered on d 114, and carcass composition was determined by specific gravity. Average daily gain and feed efficiency were not affected by dietary treatments. Steers fed zinc methionine had a higher (P less than .05) USDA quality grade than those fed the control and zinc oxide diets. Marbling score was higher (P less than .05) for steers fed zinc methionine than for those fed control and zinc oxide treatments (4.4 vs 4.0 and 4.0, respectively, where 3 = slight, 4 = small, 5 = modest). Steers fed zinc methionine tended to have more (P less than .10) external fat (13 mm) than steers fed the control diet (10 mm); steers supplemented with zinc oxide had intermediate amounts of external fat (11 mm). Steers fed zinc methionine had 10.5 and 12.8% more (P less than .05) kidney, pelvic and heart (KPH) fat than steers fed control or zinc oxide diets, respectively. The effects of zinc methionine on carcass quality grade and marbling score may be due to Zn and (or) methionine. Regardless of the mechanism, the difference represents a potential economic benefit to producers.  相似文献   

Trade‐off and adaptive cost in a multiple‐resistant strain of the invasive potato tuber moth Tecia solanivora     

Yeisson Gutirrez  Tito Bacca  Lady S Zambrano  María Pineda  Raul NC Guedes 《Pest management science》2019,75(6):1655-1662

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Orrorin tugenensis femoral morphology and the evolution of hominin bipedalism     

Richmond BG  Jungers WL 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,319(5870):1662-1665

Bipedalism is a key human adaptation and a defining feature of the hominin clade. Fossil femora discovered in Kenya and attributed to Orrorin tugenensis, at 6 million years ago, purportedly provide the earliest postcranial evidence of hominin bipedalism, but their functional and phylogenetic affinities are controversial. We show that the O. tugenensis femur differs from those of apes and Homo and most strongly resembles those of Australopithecus and Paranthropus, indicating that O. tugenensis was bipedal but is not more closely related to Homo than to Australopithecus. Femoral morphology indicates that O. tugenensis shared distinctive hip biomechanics with australopiths, suggesting that this complex evolved early in human evolution and persisted for almost 4 million years until modifications of the hip appeared in the late Pliocene in early Homo.  相似文献