Dynamics of glucose in the haemolymph of female giant freshwater prawn,Macrobrachium rosenbergii,influences reproductive and non‐reproductive moulting cycles          下载免费PDF全文

Noor Azlina Kamaruding  Noraznawati Ismail  Safiah Jasmani  Marcy N Wilder  Mhd Ikhwanuddin 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(7):3505-3514

Glucose, when measured in haemolymph, has been found to reflect a useful predictor of energetic investment. This study evaluated the pattern of glucose in the haemolymph, with an attempt to gain a better insight into the role of glucose as nutritional source of ovarian development and energy reserves during reproductive and non‐reproductive moulting cycles. The haemolymph of female giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, was obtained at eight different moulting stages, and levels of glucose were determined using an enzymatic colorimetric glucose‐oxidase method in parallel with a histological examination of ovarian development. Glucose levels were relatively low (0.15 ± 0.02 mg mL^?1) at D₀ stage, an abrupt increase (0.52 ± 0.13 mg mL^?1) during premoult D₁ stage and declined (0.32 ± 0.10 and 0.31 ± 0.09 mg mL^?1) during premoult D₂ and D₃ stages, respectively; thereafter, a slight increase (0.43 ± 0.09 mg mL^?1) occurred at post‐moult A stage. The progression of ovarian growth, marked by an increasing gonadosomatic index (GSI) pattern during the reproductive moulting cycle (C₀–D₃ stages), was directly proportionate to fluctuations in glucose levels. GSI was significantly positively correlated with glucose (R = 0.40; P < 0.05). In contrast, glucose was notably higher at post‐moult A and premoult D₂ stages during non‐reproductive moulting cycle, the period during which glucose is crucial for exoskeletal chitin synthesis. At this particular stage, a negative correlation between body weight and glucose (R = ?0.36; P < 0.05) was observed. The dynamics of glucose in the haemolymph of female M. rosenbergii correlated with ovarian growth, which signify that glucose as nutritional source for vitellogenesis, and affects the body weight of this species.  相似文献   

Tetraselmis chuii biomass as a potential feed additive to improve survival and oxidative stress status of Pacific white-leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei postlarvae     

Rahman  Norazira Abdu  Khatoon  Helena  Yusuf  Norhayati  Banerjee  Sanjoy  Haris  Noor Azilah  Lananan  Fathurrahman  Tomoyo  Katayama 《International Aquatic Research》2017,9(3):235-247

International Aquatic Research - Shrimp is an important traded fishery commodity. When subjected to stress, shrimp usually suffers from oxidative stress, which leads to cell injury, senescence, and...  相似文献   

Gene cloning,prokaryotic expression and antiviral activities of interferon-αω from Chinese Bama miniature pigs     

Noor  Aziz Ullah  Du  Zhanyu  Lu  Huipeng  Zhou  Xiaohui  Liu  Xiaoming  Xiao  Jingjing  Zhang  Xinyu  Sun  Huaichang 《Veterinary research communications》2022,46(1):59-66

Veterinary Research Communications - Porcine interferon (PoIFN) complex represents an ideal model for studying IFN evolution that resulted from viral pressure during domestication. IFN-αω...  相似文献   

Chemical composition, palatability and physical characteristics of venison from farmed deer     

Ismail DAHLAN  Noor A. NORFARIZAN HANOON 《Animal Science Journal》2008,79(4):498-503

The quality of venison from farmed deer were evaluated based on chemical composition, palatability scores, W-B shear force, ultimate pH, and color. The samples of venison were derived from javan rusa ( Cervus timorensis russa ), moluccan rusa ( Cervus timorensis moluccensis ), sambar ( Cervus unicolor brookei ), fallow ( Dama dama ) and imported red deer ( Cervus elaphus ). Moluccan rusa and red deer were fed grass. Javan rusa, sambar and fallow deer were fed concentrate. The venison obtained from grazing deer (grass-fed) gave higher moisture content (75.3%) than concentrate-fed or confinement-raised deer (74.4%) and imported venison (70.62%). Fat content in venison shows some differences between muscles and species. The concentrate-fed animals had a higher ( P  < 0.05) fat content in the venison than the grazing deer. Temperate deer (fallow and red deer) showed higher ( P  < 0.05) fat content than tropical deer (rusa and sambar deer). Venison obtained from concentrate-fed deer showed normal ultimate pH values (pH ≤ 6.0) and more reddish in color than grass-fed deer. The concentrate-fed venison produced slightly higher ( P  > 0.05) palatability scores than grass-fed venison. Feeding regimens (grass-fed vs. concentrate-fed) significantly ( P  < 0.05) influenced fat composition in the venison of farmed deer in this study.  相似文献   

SSR-based population structure,molecular diversity and identity cards of Ziziphus species from Pakistan and China     

Uddin  Nisar  Ali  Niaz  Nisar  Mohammad  Liu  Mengjun  Liu  Zhiguo  Muhammad  Noor  Rahman  Inayat Ur 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2021,68(6):2391-2409

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - Research work on the genetic diversity within Pakistani and Chinese Ziziphus species is limited, and to date, no single report on the application of DNA...  相似文献   

Fruiting behavior of dipterocarps in two consecutive episodes of general flowering in a Malaysian lowland rain forest     

Shinya Numata  Ryo O. Suzuki  Sen Nishimura  Yoko Naito  Akihiro Konuma  Yoshihiko Tsumura  Naoki Tani  Toshinori Okuda  Md Noor Nur Supardi 《Journal of Forest Research》2012,17(4):378-387

We examined fruiting behaviors of 24 dipterocarp species in a lowland rain forest of Peninsular Malaysia during two consecutive episodes of general flowering (GF). The first GF episode (GF2001) occurred from August 2001 to February 2002, and the second GF episode (GF2002) followed immediately, from March to September 2002. The magnitude of GF2002 was greater than that of GF2001 at the community level. Significant positive size dependence of fruiting behavior at the community level was found in both GF2001 and GF2002, but there was no significant association between the fruiting behaviors in GF2001 and GF2002 except for one species. These results imply that tree size was one of the explanatory factors for fruiting behavior of dipterocarp species, but there was no evidence that adjacent reproduction caused the absence of reproduction and decreased fecundity in the subsequent fruiting event. In contrast, strong spatial aggregation of fruiting trees was found in GF2001, suggesting that external factors may affect fruiting behavior of dipterocarps in a minor GF episode. Among the 12 study species, there were large variations in fruiting behavior, but growth type (e.g., fast-growing or slow-growing) did not simply explain the inter-specific pattern of fruiting behavior. Thus, tree size may account for fruiting behavior of dipterocarps during the consecutive GF episodes through species-specific differences in phonological responses to internal and external conditions.  相似文献   

Headspace solid‐phase microextraction gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for the detection of volatile organic compounds released from Ganoderma boninense and oil palm wood     

Nur Hailini Zainol Hilmi  Abu Seman Idris  Mohd Noor Mohd Azmil 《Forest Pathology》2019,49(4)

Basal stem rot disease caused by the white‐rot fungus Ganoderma boninense is a major threat to the oil palm industry, and hence, the ability to detect infections at an early stage of development is desired. In this study, a headspace solid‐phase microextraction (HS‐SPME) method coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) was employed to analyse the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from G. boninense cultures and infected oil palm wood. We examined VOCs released from three types of samples: G. boninense mycelium, oil palm wood and oil palm wood colonized by G. boninense. This preliminary study led to the tentative identification of 57 VOCs, including alcohols, alkanes, volatile acids, ketones, aldehydes, esters, sesquiterpenes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon groups. Aliphatic compounds with eight‐carbon atoms, such as 1‐octen‐3‐ol, 3‐octanone, 1‐octanol and (E)‐2‐octenal, were the most abundant constituents of the Ganoderma samples, whereas furfural and hexanal were the major compounds detected in the oil palm wood samples. Chemometric analyses using cluster heat maps and principal component analyses were used to discriminate between the VOC profiles. The results indicated that the novel method described here could be used to detect Ganoderma disease and, more generally, for chemoecological studies of plant–pathogen interactions.  相似文献   

Investigation to determine digestibility coefficients of various raw materials in diets for gilthead sea bream, Sparus auratus L.     

I Nengas  MN Alexis  S J Davies  G Petichakis 《Aquaculture Research》1995,26(3):185-194

A number of raw materials were tested to obtain the in vivo apparent digestibility coefficients of protein, lipid and gross energy for gilthead bream. Sparus auratus L., under controlled conditions. In the case of protein digestibility assessment, a standard in vitro method was also included for comparison. Protein digestibility coefficients were generally high, with values between 60% and 96% being observed for most of the materials studied. However, some exceptions were apparent in materials of both animal and plant origin. Lipid digestibilities also ranged between 50% and 90%. Values for energy digestibilities indicated a much greater variation, from 6% to 80%. These observations are discussed in relation to the nature and source of ingredients and to the type of processing technology employed.  相似文献   

Characterization of sand fly breeding sites in district Malakand,Khyber Pakhtunkhwa,Pakistan, and evaluation of risk factors for cutaneous leishmaniasis in the region     

Khurshaid Khan  Nazma Habib Khan  Farhat Anwar  Ihtisham Ullah  Noor Badshah  Irfan Irfan  Khalid Iqbal  Ibrar Shah  Shah Tariq Aziz  Muhammad Shahid Naseem Khan  Safeer Ullah Shah 《Zoonoses and public health》2022,69(1):33-45

Present study was carried to determine the sand fly species composition, breeding sites ecology, seasonal abundance, and spatial distribution in district Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. In addition, risk factors associated with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) were also evaluated. Survey of indoor and outdoor habitats was carried out using sticky traps in 31 villages of Dargai and Batkhela tehsils of Malakand. Soil from habitats of adult and immature sand flies was analysed. Questionnaire-based household survey was also performed in these villages to assess risk factors associated with CL. Soil samples from selected CL positive households were analysed for its contents. Additionally, clinicoepidemiological data from local health centres was examined for the year 2019. Total of 3,140 sand flies belonging to 18 species were collected. Phlebotomus sergenti was the most abundant species (38.16%). Its abundance had a strong positive correlation with mean monthly relative humidity and negative correlation with average temperature. Phlebotomus sergenti and Phlebotomus papatasi were abundant at an elevation ranging from 320 to 1,120 m above sea level and in agricultural lands near human settlements. Flight height preference apparatus collected maximum sand flies at 30 cm (1ft) above the ground and all species associated negatively with height. Soil analysis from habitats of adult and immature flies showed that highest mean number of adults and immatures were recorded from silt loam which carried highest concentrations of K₂O, Mg, Ca, and Zn. Number of immature sand flies correlated moderately (r = .7, p < .05) with K₂O soil concentrations. There was significant similarity between organic matter contents in soil samples from positive breeding sites and CL households (Wilcoxon rank-sum test, p = .1976). In multivariate analysis model for CL risk factors, age (26–35 and >35 years), knowledge of leishmaniasis, living in a middle and upper class, preachers visit to villages, and assumption that Afghan refugees are more prone to CL were significant. CL patient's archived data from health centres showed that majority of patients had lesions on face and hands. Patient's influx was highest in February and March.  相似文献   

Globulin Expression in Grain of Australian Hard Wheat Cultivars Is Affected by Growth Environment     

Noor Hasniza M. Z.  Les Copeland  Meredith A. Wilkes 《Cereal Chemistry》2014,91(2):159-168

Our aim was to study changes in wheat proteomes across different growth locations as the first step in linking protein composition with functional changes in grains produced with commercial production systems. Soluble and insoluble proteins were extracted sequentially from grain of three commercial wheat cultivars grown at four locations in New South Wales, Australia, during a single season. Bands were separated with SDS‐PAGE and identified by peptide mass fingerprinting. Quantitative changes in the electrophoretic patterns were observed mainly in the insoluble polypeptides of molecular mass 40,000–70,000 for all three cultivars grown at two of the four locations. These proteins were identified as mainly globulin and serpin isoforms, as well as triticin. Other proteins with changed expression included disease‐resistance proteins, class III peroxidase, starch branching enzyme I, β‐amylase, and storage proteins. Two‐dimensional electrophoretic analysis was performed on two of the same wheat cultivars grown at one of the locations during two consecutive seasons. Protein spots that varied between seasons consisted of globulin and serpin isoforms, triticin, HMW glutenin, γ‐gliadin, starch branching enzyme IIb, and α‐amylase. The implications of the upregulation of globulin and triticin on whole meal flour quality, through their participation in polymerization of the gluten network, are considered.  相似文献