Identification of a novel cytotoxic protein, Cry45Aa, from Bacillus thuringiensis A1470 and its selective cytotoxic activity against various mammalian cell lines     

Okumura S  Saitoh H  Ishikawa T  Wasano N  Yamashita S  Kusumoto K  Akao T  Mizuki E  Ohba M  Inouye K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(16):6313-6318

Parasporal inclusion proteins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis strain A1470 exhibit strong cytotoxicity against human leukemic T cells when activated by protease treatment. One of the cytotoxic proteins was separated by anion exchange chromatography and gel filtration chromatography and designated Cry45Aa. Its gene was then expressed in recombinant Escherichia coli, in which the Cry45Aa precursor was accumulated in an inclusion body. It was solubilized in sodium carbonate buffer and processed with proteinase K, and cytotoxic activities of the protein against various mammalian cell lines were evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H tetrazolium bromide assay. The protein exhibited high cytotoxic activity against CACO-2, Sawano, MOLT-4, TCS, and HL60 cells and moderate activity against U-937 DE-4, PC12, and HepG2 cells. On the other hand, the EC50 values against Jurkat, K562, HeLa, A549, Vero, COS-7, NIH3T3, CHO, and four normal tissue cells (human primary hepatocyte cells, UtSMC, MRC-5, and normal T cells) were >2 microg/mL.  相似文献   

"Tubules-Within-a-Tubule" Hierarchical Order of Mesoporous Molecular Sieves in MCM-41   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

HP Lin  CY Mou 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1996,273(5276):765-768

The recently discovered mesoporous aluminosilicate MCM-41 consists of hexagonal arrays of nanometer-sized cylindrical pores. It is shown that this material can be synthesized by cooperative condensation of silicate and cylindrical cationic micelles. Careful control of the surfactant-water content and the rate of condensation of silica at high alkalinity resulted in hollow tubules 0.3 to 3 micrometers in diameter. The wall of the tubules consisted of coaxial cylindrical pores, nanometers in size, that are characteristic of those of MCM-41. The formation of this higher order structure may take place through a liquid crystal phase transformation mechanism involving an anisotropic membrane-to-tubule phase change. The hierarchical organization of this "tubules-within-a-tubule" particle texture is similar to that of the frustules of marine diatoms.  相似文献   

Discovery of a Jupiter/Saturn analog with gravitational microlensing     

Gaudi BS  Bennett DP  Udalski A  Gould A  Christie GW  Maoz D  Dong S  McCormick J  Szymanski MK  Tristram PJ  Nikolaev S  Paczynski B  Kubiak M  Pietrzynski G  Soszynski I  Szewczyk O  Ulaczyk K  Wyrzykowski L;OGLE Collaboration  Depoy DL  Han C  Kaspi S  Lee CU  Mallia F  Natusch T  Pogge RW  Park BG;MuFUN Collaboration  Abe F  Bond IA  Botzler CS  Fukui A  Hearnshaw JB  Itow Y  Kamiya K  Korpela AV  Kilmartin PM  Lin W  Masuda K  Matsubara Y  Motomura M  Muraki Y  Nakamura S  Okumura T  Ohnishi K  Rattenbury NJ  Sako T  Saito T  Sato S 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,319(5865):927-930

Searches for extrasolar planets have uncovered an astonishing diversity of planetary systems, yet the frequency of solar system analogs remains unknown. The gravitational microlensing planet search method is potentially sensitive to multiple-planet systems containing analogs of all the solar system planets except Mercury. We report the detection of a multiple-planet system with microlensing. We identify two planets with masses of approximately 0.71 and approximately 0.27 times the mass of Jupiter and orbital separations of approximately 2.3 and approximately 4.6 astronomical units orbiting a primary star of mass approximately 0.50 solar mass at a distance of approximately 1.5 kiloparsecs. This system resembles a scaled version of our solar system in that the mass ratio, separation ratio, and equilibrium temperatures of the planets are similar to those of Jupiter and Saturn. These planets could not have been detected with other techniques; their discovery from only six confirmed microlensing planet detections suggests that solar system analogs may be common.  相似文献   

Influence of dietary protein intake on whole-body protein turnover in chicks   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

T Muramatsu  K Kita  I Tasaki  J Okumura 《British poultry science》1987,28(3):471-482

1. Experiments were conducted to investigate whether or not varying dietary protein intake affects whole-body protein turnover rates in young chicks. 2. Seven-d-old single comb White Leghorn male chicks were fed on diets with protein concentrations of 0, 100, 200 or 400 g/kg diet under conditions of ad libitum or equalised feeding. At the end of the experiments, the rate of protein synthesis and protein degradation in the whole body were measured in vivo. 3. The results showed that both fractional and absolute rates of protein synthesis increased with increasing dietary protein up to 200 g/kg; above this concentration they remained almost constant when feeding was ad libitum. 4. Similar responses were found with equalized feeding except that a significant reduction in protein synthesis was found when dietary protein was increased from 200 to 400 g/kg diet. 5. Less sensitive and almost parallel changes in protein degradation rates were found. 6. It was concluded that adaptation to varied dietary protein intake occurred primarily through changes in protein synthesis, accompanied by parallel alterations in protein degradation in the whole body.  相似文献   

Isolation and characterization of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein from horses, and its evaluation as an acute-phase reactive protein in horses.     

T Taira  T Fujinaga  K Tamura  M Izumi  H Itoh  N Tsunoda  K Yamashita  M Okumura  S Mizuno 《American journal of veterinary research》1992,53(6):961-965

Equine alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (alpha 1AG) was isolated from equine serum by successive ammonium precipitation, anion- and cation-exchange chromatographies, and gel filtration. Purified equine alpha 1AG had a molecular weight of 46,000 +/- 1,000, and contained 31.4% carbohydrate. Gel isoelectric focusing revealed an isoelectric point range of 2.8 to 3.7. With immunoelectrophoresis, it was found that alpha 1AG migrated to the alpha 1-globulin region. Single radial immunodiffusion was used for quantitative measurement of alpha 1AG in equine serum. In clinically normal foals, serum alpha 1AG was undetectable (less than or equal to 20 micrograms/ml) in less than or equal to 7-day-old foals, but was detected by 14 days. The alpha 1AG concentration (mean +/- SD) increased to reach mean adult values of 99.23 +/- 26.90 micrograms/ml by 1 year of age. The alpha 1AG concentration in pregnant mares decreased at 2 to 3 months before parturition, then gradually increased until 1 day after parturition, when a brief decrease was observed. The concentration increased again at 2 weeks after foaling, then a decrease was observed, after which the alpha 1AG concentration increased again by 2 to 4 months after parturition. The concentration of serum alpha 1AG quickly rose to peak values 2 to 3 days after castration and jejunojejunostomy in adult horses, returning to baseline values by 14 to 28 days after surgery. The alpha 1AG was concluded to be an acute-phase reactive protein in horses.  相似文献   

Influence of vitamin D and retinoids on the induction of functional differentiation in vitro of canine osteosarcoma clonal cells     

Barroga EF  Kadosawa T  Okumura M  Fujinaga T 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2000,159(2):186-193

The efficacy of 22-oxacalcitriol (OCT), calcitriol, cholecalciferol, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and 9-cis retinoic acid (9-cis RA) to differentiate in vitro four clonal cells of the canine osteosarcoma cell line POS into cells having properties of a functionally mature osteoblast bone cell were investigated. The induction of intracellular alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, osteocalcin (GLA-OC) and type I collagen (PIP) production after 72 h treatment were used as markers of differentiation. At a concentration of 10(-8)M, OCT and calcitriol significantly induced all markers, and ATRA only the ALP of osteoblast, chondroblast and undifferentiated clonal cells. At the same concentration, 9-cis RA and cholecalciferol induced ALP of chondroblast and osteoblast cells, respectively; ATRA, 9-cis RA and cholecalciferol induced PIP of chondroblast and undifferentiated cells. None of the drugs significantly differentiated fibroblast cells. The ability of these agents to differentiate osteosarcoma cells into cells that exhibit properties of functionally mature osteoblastic bone cells may promote normal osteogenesis and reverse the loss of control of their differentiation.  相似文献   

Spontaneous Malignant T Cell Lymphoma in a Young Male Common Marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)     

Itaru Yamaguchi  Kensuke Myojo  Hiroko Sanada  Eri Sudo  Sayaka Ootsuka  Hiroshi Okumura  Atsuko Takami  Tomomi Yoneshige  Yui Suzuki  Minami Imaizumi  Chie Takada  Naoya Kimoto  Koji Saeki  Katsumi Takaba 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2013,26(3):301-307

We histopathologically and immunohistochemically investigated a case of malignant lymphoma that spontaneously developed in a male common marmoset at two years of age. Beginning at two years four months of age, the animal had an enlargement of the submandibular and inguinal lymph nodes, small subcutaneous nodules near the right breast and an approximately fivefold increase in peripheral lymphocyte count compared with the previous examination value. The postmortem findings at two years eight months of age showed lymphadenopathy with enlargement of the thymus and spleen. Small- to intermediate-sized neoplastic lymphocytes had diffusely proliferated in the enlarged nodes. The neoplastic cells were pleomorphic and had irregularly shaped nuclei. The nuclear chromatin staining revealed hyperchromatism in the small-sized cells, and the intermediate-sized cells exhibited vesicular staining. An immunohistochemical examination indicated that the neoplastic lymphocytes were positive for CD3 and negative for CD20, thus suggesting that they had originated from T cells. In addition, the proliferation of high endothelial venules and reactive epithelioid histiocytes was observed. Scattered tingible body-laden macrophages were infrequently detected. Neoplastic lymphocytes were also observed in the thymus, spleen, heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, adrenal glands and femoral and sternal bone marrow. This malignant lymphoma in a young male common marmoset was considered to fit the category of “peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS)” according to the new WHO system of classification.  相似文献   

Liquid-chromatographic hybrid triple–quadrupole linear-ion-trap MS/MS analysis of fatty-acid esters of dinophysistoxin-1 in bivalves and toxic dinoflagellates in Japan     

Suzuki  Toshiyuki  Kamiyama  Takashi  Okumura  Yutaka  Ishihara  Kenji  Matsushima  Ryoji  Kaneniwa  Masaki 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(4):1039-1048

Fatty-acid esters of dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX1) in scallops Patinopecten yessoensis, mussels Mytilus coruscus, and toxic dinoflagellate Dinophysis species, collected from Japanese seawater, were analyzed by liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Precursor ion monitoring, multiple reaction monitoring for 18 fatty-acid esters of DTX1, and full-scan MS/MS spectra obtained with a hybrid triple–quadrupole linear-ion-trap mass spectrometer showed that 14:0, 16:0, and 16:1 esters were the most abundant 7-O-acyl-DTX1 analogues in bivalves. Fatty-acids esters formed by conjugations at hydroxyl positions other than the 7-position of DTX1 were not detected in the bivalves. DTX1 and okadaic acid-16:0 fatty-acid esters have been reported as the most abundant ester in bivalves in several previous studies; however, we found that 7-O-16:1-DTX1 was the most abundant ester in some mussels in which 16:1 was more dominant than 16:0 in the free fatty-acid profile. Comparison between 7-O-acyl-DTX1 and free fatty-acid profiles in the same bivalve samples suggests that polyunsaturated fatty acids are selectively excluded in enzymatic acylation of DTX1. No 7-O-acyl-DTX1 was detected in any single-cell isolates of D. fortii, D. acuminata, D. mitra, D. norvegica, D. tripos, D. infundibulus, and D. rotundata.  相似文献   

Chromosome number and telomere sequence mapping of the Japanese sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus     

Sei-Ichi Okumura  Kazuma Kimura  Mizuho Sakai  Takashi Waragaya  Suehiro Furukawa  Akiyoshi Takahashi  Kunio Yamamori 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(1):249-251

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Mapping rice-planted areas using time-series synthetic aperture radar data for the Asia-RiCE activity     

Kei Oyoshi  Nobuhiro Tomiyama  Toshio Okumura  Shinichi Sobue  Jun Sato 《Paddy and Water Environment》2016,14(4):463-472

In Asia, rice is a staple cereal crop and the continent accounts for about 90 % of the global rice production and consumption. Statistics on the areas planted with rice or production of paddy rice are fundamental to agriculture-related decisions or policy-making. Asia-Rice Crop Estimation & Monitoring (Asia-RiCE) aims to develop rice-related information, such as paddy field maps, rice growing conditions, yield, and production, using remote sensing tools and disseminate the same at the local and global scales. In this paper, we propose a methodology for the identification of rice-planted areas by using multi-temporal SAR images; a software named INternational Asian Harvest mOnitoring system for Rice (INAHOR) was developed to manipulate the proposed algorithm. The INAHOR uses the imagery observed both at the time of planting of rice and grown-up stages. In this study, two thresholds needed for the INAHOR were optimized based on the detailed land cover data collected through a field survey. Rice-planted areas across the study area in Japan were identified by the INAHOR using the RADARSAT-2 Wide Fine beam mode data. The classification results of RADARSAT-2 VV and VH polarizations were compared. The data with VH polarization showed a higher total accuracy of 83 % with ?20.5 dB and 3.0 dB for the minimum and range thresholds, respectively. The INAHOR is currently being used with the RADARSAT-2, ALOS, and ALOS-2 SAR data in the Southeast Asian countries to assess the robustness of the thresholds and classification accuracies under the framework of Asia-RiCE.  相似文献