Leukoencephalomalacia in horses     

RM CHRISTLEY  AP BEGG  DR HUTCHINS  DR HODGSON  WL BRYDEN 《Australian veterinary journal》1993,70(6):225-226

  相似文献   

How Important is the Cooling Rate in Cryopreservation of (Bull) Semen, and what is its Relation to Thawing Rate and Glycerol Concentration   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

H Woelders  AP Malva 《Reproduction in domestic animals》1998,33(3-4):299-305

  相似文献   

High-intensity exercise of short duration alters bovine bone density and shape     

Hiney KM  Nielsen BD  Rosenstein D  Orth MW  Marks BP 《Journal of animal science》2004,82(6):1612-1620

The ability of short-duration high-intensity exercise to stimulate bone formation in confinement was investigated using immature Holstein bull calves as a model. Eighteen bull calves, 8 wk of age, were assigned to one of three treatment groups: 1) group-housed (GR, which served as a control), 2) confined with no exercise (CF), or 3) confined with exercise (EX). The exercise protocol consisted of running 50 m on a concrete surface once daily, 5 d/wk. Confined calves remained stalled for the 42-d duration of the trial. Blood samples were taken to analyze concentrations of osteocalcin and deoxypyridinoline, markers of bone formation and resorption. At the completion of the trial, calves were humanely killed, and both forelegs were collected. The fused third and fourth metacarpal bone was scanned using computed tomography for determination of cross-sectional geometry and bone mineral density. Three-point bending tests to failure were performed on metacarpal bones. The exercise protocol resulted in the formation of a rounder bone in EX as well as in increased dorsal cortex thickness compared with those in the GR and CF. The exercised calves had a significantly smaller medullary cavity than CF and GR (P < 0.01) and a larger percentage of cortical bone area than CF (P < 0.01). Dorsal, palmar, and total bone mineral density was greater in EX than in CF (P < 0.05), and palmar and total bone mineral densities were greater (P < 0.05) in EX than in GR. There was a trend for the bones of EX to have a higher fracture force than CF (P < 0.10). Osteocalcin concentrations normalized from d 0 were higher in EX than CF (P < 0.05). Therefore, the exercise protocol altered bone shape and seemed to increase bone formation comparison with the stalled and group-housed calves.  相似文献   

Effects of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate on mediators of osteoarthritis in cultured equine chondrocytes stimulated by use of recombinant equine interleukin-1beta   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Neil KM  Orth MW  Coussens PM  Chan PS  Caron JP 《American journal of veterinary research》2005,66(11):1861-1869

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate (CS) at concentrations approximating those achieved in plasma by oral administration would influence gene expression of selected mediators of osteoarthritis in cytokine-stimulated equine articular chondrocytes. SAMPLE POPULATION: Samples of grossly normal articular cartilage obtained from the metacarpophalangeal joint of 13 horses. PROCEDURE: Equine chondrocytes in pellet culture were stimulated with a subsaturating dose of recombinant equine interleukin (reIL)-1beta. Effects of prior incubation with glucosamine (2.5 to 10.0 microg/mL) and CS (5.0 to 50.0 microg/mL) on gene expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, -2, -3, -9, and -13; aggrecanase 1 and 2; inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS); cyclooxygenase (COX)-2; nuclear factor kappaB; and c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) were assessed by use of a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. RESULTS: Glucosamine at a concentration of 10 microg/mL significantly reduced reIL-1beta-induced mRNA expression of MMP-13, aggrecanase 1, and JNK. Reductions in cytokine-induced expression were also observed for iNOS and COX-2. Chondroitin sulfate had no effect on gene expression at the concentrations tested. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Concentrations of glucosamine similar to those achieved in plasma after oral administration in horses exerted pretranslational regulation of some mediators of osteoarthritis, an effect that may contribute to the cartilage-sparing properties of this aminomonosaccharide. Analysis of results of this study indicated that the influence of CS on pretranslational regulation of these selected genes is limited or lacking.  相似文献   

Effect of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate on regulation of gene expression of proteolytic enzymes and their inhibitors in interleukin-1-challenged bovine articular cartilage explants     

Chan PS  Caron JP  Orth MW 《American journal of veterinary research》2005,66(11):1870-1876

  相似文献   

Evaluation of phytase concentration needed for growing-finishing commercial turkey toms     

Roberson KD  Klunzinger MW  Charbeneau RA  Orth MW 《British poultry science》2005,46(4):470-477

1. Growth performance, serum bone markers, and bone strength and mineralisation were determined in tom turkeys grown from 9 to 17 weeks of age. 2. Dietary non-phytate phosphorus was formulated to be reduced by 1.0 g/kg in the low phosphorus diet compared to a control diet and phytase was added to provide 0, 150, 300, 450 or 600 units/kg activity to the low phosphorus diet. 3. From 9 to 12 weeks of age, body weight and gain:food were reduced by the low phosphorus diet without added phytase, compared to the adequate phosphorus diet. Increasing the concentration of phytase linearly increased these growth parameters. There were no significant growth responses at 17 weeks of age. 4. Serum osteocalcin was reduced by increasing dietary phosphorus at 12 weeks of age when growth was affected, but not at later ages. Serum pyridinoline was reduced by higher dietary phosphorus and decreased linearly with increasing phytase activity at 17 weeks of age. 5. Fracture force of the ulna and femur increased linearly with increasing phytase activity but bone strength was not affected when corrected for bone cross-sectional area. Bone strength of the ulna and ash concentration of the ulna and tibia were increased by higher dietary phosphorus. Humerus and ulna ash increased linearly with increasing phytase activity. 6. Water-soluble phosphorus content of the litter was increased by higher dietary phosphorus and addition of phytase to the low phosphorus diet. The increase in water-soluble phosphorus content of the litter when phytase was fed may indicate that phosphorus could be fed at a lower concentration than used in this trial, at least in the finisher diet when phytase is added to the food. 7. Bone fracture force, strength and ash were generally optimised when 450 units/kg phytase activity was added to the low phosphorus diet. However, growth performance was best in the grower I (9 to 12 weeks) phase when 600 units/kg phytase was added to the diet.  相似文献   

The role of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate in treatment for and prevention of osteoarthritis in animals     

Neil KM  Caron JP  Orth MW 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2005,226(7):1079-1088

  相似文献   

Embryo Production in Superovulated Goats Treated with Insulin Before or After Mating or By Continuous Propylene Glycol Supplementation     

AL Souza  G Galeati  AP Almeida  IJ Arruda  N Govoni  VJF Freitas  D Rondina 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2008,43(2):218-221

Seventeen adult and cyclic Moxoto goats were synchronized using 60 mg MPA vaginal sponge for 11 days and 50 μg cloprostenol, 48 h before sponge removal, and superovulated with 120 mg pFSH i.m. in decreasing doses at 12 h intervals for three consecutive days. In seven goats, 0.2 IU/kg BW/day of long acting insulin was subcutaneously injected at same time as pFSH, and in the other five goats, the same dose of insulin was injected for three consecutive days starting 24 h after mating. Finally, five goats were supplemented with an oral dose of 80 ml/goat/day of propylene glycol continuously during the experiment. The animals were flushed at 7 days after mating and the embryos were classified based on International Embryo Transfer Society criteria. Blood samples were collected every 3 days for insulin assay. Administration of insulin raised the insulin levels of the goats (p < 0.05), whereas in the group treated with propylene glycol, insulin rate was different only between FSH treatment and after mating (p < 0.05). Similar rates of recovery for total (80.05 ± 9.78%) or transferable structures (61.03 ± 15.13%) were obtained. Treatment was not influenced (p > 0.05) by responsiveness to superovulation, which averaged 64%. By contrast, insulin treatments were shown to increase the number of embryos considered excellent with respect to goats supplemented with propylene glycol (p < 0.05). When insulin was given before mating, a strong relationship (r = 0. 90) (p < 0.05) between number of transferable embryo and ovulations was observed in the animals. In conclusion, superovulated goats treated with low doses of exogenous insulin resulted in an enhancement in embryo quality, which was related to changes in circulating insulin concentrations.  相似文献   

CASE REPORT AND CLINICAL REVIEW: Acute lameness associated with osseous metastasis of a peri-renal carcinoma in a horse     

AC Young  KL Hoffmann  AP Begg  DA Major 《Australian veterinary journal》2010,88(9):346-350

We present a case of aggressive metastatic carcinoma in a horse that was initially presented for shoulder lameness. Although radiography and scintigraphy were useful for localising a lesion in the proximal humerus, subsequent development of non-specific signs of systemic disease prompted further evaluation. Haematology and blood biochemistry, urinalysis and ultrasonography were all instrumental in identifying renal involvement. A diagnosis of a peri-renal mass causing secondary renal failure prompted euthanasia of the horse because of the poor prognosis. Antemortem findings were supported by necropsy, with secondary lesions also identified in the spleen, liver, 8th left rib and proximal humerus. Histological examination yielded a diagnosis of undifferentiated metastatic carcinoma.  相似文献   

The phenotypic characterisation of R2 generation transgenic rice plants under field and glasshouse conditions     

P. T. Lynch  J. Jones  N. W. Blackhall  M. R. Davey  J. B. Power  E. C. Cocking  M. R. Nelson  D. M. Bigelow  T. V. Orum  C. E. Orth  W. Schuh 《Euphytica》1995,85(1-3):395-401

  相似文献