Phylogeography and Characteristics of Phosphorus Efficiency of Secondary Core Collection for Rice Landraces in Yunnan Province   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

ZENG Ya-wen  DU Juan  PU Xiao-ying  YANG Shu-ming  YANG Tao  WEI Ming-liang  ZHANG Hao  ZHOU Guo-hua  . 《农业科学与技术》2011,(4):592-596

[Objective] The paper was to explore the causes of phosphorus(P)efficiency of rice in Yunnan Province,and to provide strategy for ecological and environmental protection.[Method]Using 703 accessions of secondary core collections from 16 prefectures of five regions in Yunnan Province,two treatments of low available P(6.26mg/kg)versus normal P(available P 40mg/kg),and invalid P(available P 0.02 mg/kg)versus normal P(available P 70 mg/kg)were set,and zonal characteristics of phosphorus efficiency and the activation characteristics of invalid P of rice landraces were investigated.[Result] Phosphorus efficiency and the activation characteristics of invalid P in soils from rice landraces of Yunnan Province had the similar identification indexes,viz.the relative indexes of four traits(tillering ability or effective panicle,root weight,biomass,and straw weight)could be the screening indexes of gene type of secondary core collection with phosphorus efficiency,which also reflected the zonal characteristics of phosphorus efficiency and the activation characteristics of invalid P in soils of 16 prefectures among five regions.On the contrary,the relative panicle length,node length under panicle,leaf length,leaf width and plant height could only be the assistant indexes of identification for phosphorus efficiency.There were similar zonal characteristics between phosphorus efficiency and the activation characteristics of invalid P in soils of rice landraces in Yunnan Province.[Conclusion] The study had great importance to the conservation and utilization of biological diversity,which would make contribution to second green revolution of "less input,multiple output,promote health,and protect the environment".  相似文献   

草莓快繁的影响因子研究     

刘艳涛  刘春琴  冯晓洁  席国成  孙霞  蒲宝钟  刘福顺  王庆雷 《河北农业科学》2011,(9):41-43,53

目前生产上培育草莓脱毒苗主要是通过茎尖培养获得脱毒苗,再通过快速繁殖,从而获得大批量的种苗。快速繁殖优质脱毒种苗,既可以快速育苗,又可以克服草莓长期营养繁殖导致病毒积累而产生的退化现象,使草莓品种和优良特性得以保持。以万德、章姬、红颜和利玉女4种当地主栽草莓的匍匐茎为试材,在MS＋6-BA 0.5 mg/L＋NAA 0.04 mg/L培养基上,对茎尖和匍匐茎的不同位置进行组培快繁,以期建立1个高效的草莓快繁体系。结果表明：草莓基因型对茎尖诱导起着决定性作用,诱导率以红颜最高（70%）,章姬次之,万德最低（仅30%）;4个草莓品种匍匐茎3个段位的诱导率顺序均为上段〉中段〉下段;灭菌时间以4～5 min比较适宜,外植体成活率高,污染率低。在草莓组培快繁时,选取匍匐茎上段作为外植体,用0.1%氯化汞溶液灭菌4～5 min,可以简化操作、提高繁殖效率和降低生产成本。  相似文献   

影响北方白菜型冬油菜主要农艺性状变异的气象因子分析     

金姣姣  侯献飞  李强  贾东海  顾元国  王轩  曾瑞  蒲媛媛  武军艳  方彦  李学才  马骊  刘丽君  孙万仓 《中国农业科技导报》2020,22(3):140-151

为探究影响北方冬油菜农艺性状的气象因子,以新疆自治区阿勒泰、乌鲁木齐和喀什为研究试点,选择陇油6号、陇油7号、陇油8号、天油2号、天油4号、天油7号共6个抗寒性不同的白菜型冬油菜品种为研究材料,采用适定性分析法和相关性分析法,研究气象因子对冬油菜的株高、主花序角果数、单株角果数、角粒数等农艺性状的影响。结果显示：随纬度降低越冬率增加,农艺性状变劣,其中千粒重、株高和角粒数变异系数较小,分别为5.86%、6.23%和12.63%,单株角果数的变异系数较大,为28.25%;参试品种间,强抗寒品种陇油6号和陇油7号的农艺性状变异系数较小,弱抗寒品种天油2号等变异系数较大;农艺性状与越冬率显著正相关（P<0.05）,角粒数与各种气象因子的相关性均达显著水平（P<0.05）;积雪天数、年降雨量和最大积雪厚度对农艺性状具有正效应,累积贡献率达到0.877,最冷月最低气温、地面极端低温、负积温和年均气温对农艺性状具有负效应,累积贡献率达到-0.871。因此,在北方寒区,选择强抗寒冬油菜品种有利于保持农艺性状稳定,获得较好产量与效益。  相似文献   

SSIIIa基因在云南高抗性淀粉特种稻的遗传变异     

李霞  杜娟  杨晓梦  普晓英  杨加珍  曾亚文 《湖北农业科学》2020,59(20):35-38

  相似文献   

水生植物控制湖泊底泥营养盐释放的效果与机理   总被引：50，自引：5，他引：50  

童昌华  杨肖娥  濮培民 《农业环境科学学报》2003,22(6):673-676

通过人工模拟的方法，进行了用狐尾藻、凤眼莲2种水生植物来控制湖泊底泥营养盐释放的研究。结果表明，水生植物能有效抑制底泥中TN、TP、硝态氮和氨态氮的释放；沉水植物狐尾藻比漂浮植物凤眼莲的效果好。底泥采取物理处理(塑料包被)后在短期内(15—20d)能暂时控制底泥中营养盐的释放，但不能保持长久，并在随后表现出一定的“补偿效应”。物理措施如底泥包被不是控制底泥营养盐释放的有效方法和根本途径，水生植物修复才能有效抑制底泥中营养盐的释放，今后将成为控制底泥中营养盐释放的发展方向。  相似文献   

甘肃省白水江自然保护区杜仲林生长现状及生态因子影响分析     

栾文举  王志泰  周晓雷  张可荣  蒲万玉 《甘肃农业大学学报》2002,37(1):44-49

杜仲被确定为甘肃省白水江自然保护区持续林业试验基地的主要人工栽培示范经济树种。通过对林木生长状况调查和主要生态因子测定，利用方差分析和多重比较，发现各样地之间存在显著差异。主成分分析表明，海拔是影响杜仲生长最敏感因子，而加强林地抚育和管护是保证林木良好生长的关键措施。  相似文献   

巴西橡胶树棒孢霉落叶病菌毒素基因cc004-cas克隆及致病作用     

刘晓妹  郑服丛  张欣  漆艳香  谢艺贤  张贺  蒲金基 《热带作物学报》2014,35(9):1809-1815

为了探明多主棒孢菌(Corynespora cassiicola)毒素基因cc004-cas序列特征及其功能,以巴西橡胶树棒孢霉落叶病菌为材料,采用SEFA-PCR和RT-PCR技术对毒素基因cc004-cas进行扩增,并通过插入潮霉素B基因获得其突变体。序列特征分析结果表明,cc004-cas基因DNA和cDNA全长分别为2 800 bp和180bp,编码区含2个内含子(67 bp和49 bp),推测编码59个氨基酸,其分子量约为5.92 ku,等电点pⅠ为5.70,与NCBI中报道的C.cassiicola毒素基因cas编码的毒素前体pro-cassiicolin的氨基酸序列(0HABV25895.1)相似性达85%。cc004-cas突变体表型测定结果表明:在菌落和菌丝形态、生长,产孢量、孢子萌发,菌丝生长对温度、pH要求,产生漆酶和纤维素酶的能力方面与野生型无显著差异;但用菌饼接种橡胶树嫩叶,致病力略有下降,用粗毒素接种时,致病力明显减轻,可见毒素是多主棒孢菌的一个重要的毒力因子,但不是唯一的因子。  相似文献   

马铃薯新品种—秦芋32号选育     

蒲正斌  张百忍  王长科  张昌兵  周长武  郑敏* 《中国马铃薯》2012,(4):255-256

秦芋32号(原代号:康0102-5)是2000年以秦芋30号作母本,89-1优系作父本,有性杂交获得实生种子,经育种圃、鉴定圃选育而成。2011年3月申报国家农作物品种审定委员会待审,2011年10月通过审定。2007～2009年参加国家级马铃薯品种中晚熟西南组繁种及区域试验;2010年国家西南组生产试验平均产量1 443 kg/667 m2,比对照米拉增产12.5%。块茎干物质含量18.5%、淀粉含量11.8%,Vc含量14.2 mg/100 g,还原糖含量0.29%,粗蛋白含量2.1%。抗病性接种鉴定:中抗PVX和PVY,抗晚疫病。  相似文献   

Effect of fertigation frequency on soil nitrogen distribution and tomato yield under alternate partial root-zone drip irrigation          下载免费PDF全文

FENG Xu-yu  PU Jing-xuan  LIU Hai-jun  WANG Dan  LIU Yu-hang  QIAO Shu-ting  LEI Tao  LIU Rong-hao 《农业科学学报》2023,22(3):897-907

Alternate partial root-zone drip fertigation (ADF) is a combination of alternating irrigation and drip fertigation, with the potential to save water and increase nitrogen (N) fertilizer efficiency.  A 2-year greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different fertigation frequencies on the distribution of soil moisture and nutrients and tomato yield under ADF.  The treatments included three ADF frequencies with intervals of 3 days (F3), 6 days (F6) and 12 days (F12), and conventional drip fertigation as a control (CK), which was fertilized once every 6 days.  For the ADF treatments, two drip tapes were placed 10 cm away on each side of the tomato row, and alternate drip irrigation was realized using a manual valve on the distribution tapes.  For the CK treatment, a drip tape was located close to the roots of the tomato plants.  The total N application rate of all treatments was 180 kg ha–1.  The total irrigation amounts applied to the CK treatment were 450.6 and 446.1 mm in 2019 and 2020, respectively; and the irrigation amounts applied to the ADF treatments were 60% of those of the CK treatment.   The F3 treatment resulted in water and N being distributed mainly in the 0–40-cm soil layer with less water and N being distributed in the 40–60-cm soil layer.  The F6 treatment led to 21.0 and 29.0% higher 2-year average concentration of mineral N in the 0–20 and 20–40-cm soil layer, respectively and a 23.0% lower N concentration in the 40–60-cm soil layer than in the CK treatment.  The 2-year average tomato yields of the F3, F6, F12, and CK treatments were 107.5, 102.6, 87.2, and 98.7 t ha–1, respectively.  The tomato yield of F3 was significantly higher (23.3%) than that in the F12 treatment, whereas there was no significant difference between the F3 and F6 treatment.  The F6 treatment resulted in yield similar to the CK treatment, indicating that ADF could maintain tomato yield with a 40% saving in water use.  Based on the distribution of water and N, and tomato yield, a fertigation frequency of 6 days under ADF should be considered as a water-saving strategy for greenhouse tomato production.  相似文献   

中国大豆种质资源遗传多样性研究进展     

蒲艳艳  宫永超  李娜娜  刘艳  王秋玲  宋东涛  颜廷进  丁汉凤 《大豆科学》2018,(2):315-321

为探明影响大豆种质资源遗传多样性的因素,进一步拓宽现有种质资源的遗传基础,本文对中国大豆种质资源遗传多样性研究情况进行了概述总结。主要包括形态水平、生化水平、分子生物学水平及多方法结合的大豆遗传多样性的研究进展,并指出了中国大豆遗传多样性丰富且具有明显的地域特征,最后对大豆遗传多样性的研究和发展进行了讨论和展望。  相似文献