在猪日粮中充分利用植物蛋白质     

宋国麟  Gary Partridge  Milan Hruby 《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2003,23(3):17-19

欧盟委员会 2 0 0 0年底关于在饲料中禁用某些动物蛋白质制品的决定 ,从技术上和经济上对进行猪、禽饲料配合的商业营养师提出了相当严峻的挑战。有些欧洲国家还已经自主决定将鱼粉包括在禁用之列 ,或者因靠近反刍畜饲料生产场地而担心其储存问题故将其剔除出生产多畜种饲料的饲料厂。与此同时 ,许多饲料生产商还往往不用动物脂肪而改用植物油脂以图在越来越严格的监督下增强行业的自信。这些措施的结果是增强了在日粮中对各种植物蛋白质的依赖 ,而究竟选用哪些原料就取决于相对成本和其供应量充足与否。这些原料的纤维含量较高 ,其中蛋白质…  相似文献   

甜菜中的甜菜碱可提高日粮能量的能量供应     

陆湘文  Gary Partridge 《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2002,(3):26-26

德国今年的试验证实 ,在生长肥育猪日粮中添加提取自甜菜的一种天然物质对于猪肉生产十分有利。猪的饲料加工商可由此而降低饲料成本 ,饲养者可因猪生产性能的改善和猪胴体的优价而获利 ,猪肉加工商可因胴体的优质 (比如猪肉滴水损失的减少 )减少损失。甜菜中的这种提取物常被称为“甜菜碱” ,也称为“三甲基甘氨酸” ,这种提取物近 1 0年来已经在人类营养中起着重要作用 ,据称将其添加于膳食之中可以预防心血管系统疾病。如今 ,甜菜碱正在迅速为家禽饲料业所接受 ,其已经证实的对鸡的有利作用包括抵抗炎热和疾病带来的应激 ,从而使鸡的生长…  相似文献   

饲料酶制剂对防治动物结肠炎的作用     

韩彦明  潘启欢  Gary Partridge 《中国饲料》2000,(12)

在饲料中使用酶制剂能有效地改善动物的生产水平(如日增重和饲料利用率),提高动物生产的经济效益.酶制剂对猪生产水平的提高,可能归因于营养和防病治病的交互作用.近期有关资料证实,饲料中酶对维持动物健康有重要作用,如在日粮中使用木聚糖酶是防止和治疗动物结肠炎的一个有效方法.  相似文献   

The Effect of Post-Ovulatory Artificial Insemination on Sow Reproductive Performance     

CD Castagna  CH Peixoto  FP Bortolozzo  I Wentz  F Ruschel  GB Neto 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2003,38(5):373-376

In order to increase reproductive performance, sows are usually inseminated several times during oestrus. In practice, this results in a significant number of sows receiving one or more post‐ovulatory inseminations. This study was carried out to determine the percentage of sows that receive one or more post‐ovulatory inseminations and the effect of such treatment on reproductive performance. The results were analysed from a total of 1298 sows on two farms. It was observed that more than 70% of the sows received at least one post‐ovulatory insemination and approximately 20% received two or more. There was no observed effect on the rate of return to oestrus, farrowing rate or litter size (p > 0.05).  相似文献   

Animal‐Level Factors Affecting Ovarian Function in Bos indicus Heifers Treated to Synchronize Ovulation with Intravaginal Progesterone‐Releasing Devices and Oestradiol Benzoate     

SAA Butler  NJ Phillips  GB Boe‐Hansen  GA Bo  BM Burns  K Dawson  MR McGowan 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2012,47(3):463-471

The primary objective of this study was to investigate the impact of animal‐level factors including energy balance and environmental/management stress, on the ovarian function of Bos indicus heifers treated to synchronize ovulation. Two‐year‐old Brahman (BN) (n = 30) and BN‐cross (n = 34) heifers were randomly allocated to three intravaginal progesterone‐releasing device (IPRD) treatment groups: (i) standard‐dose IPRD [Cue‐Mate^® (CM) 1.56 g; n = 17]; (ii) half‐dose IPRD [0.78 g progesterone (P₄); CM 0.78 g; n = 15]; (iii) half‐dose IPRD + 300 IU equine chorionic gonadotrophin at IPRD removal (CM 0.78 g + G; n = 14); (iv) and a control group, 2× PGF_2α [500 μg prostaglandin F_2α (PGF_2α)] on Day ?16 and ?2 (n = 18). Intravaginal progesterone‐releasing device‐treated heifers received 250 μg PGF_2α at IPRD insertion (Day ?10) and IPRD removal (Day ?2) and 1 mg oestradiol benzoate on Day ?10 and ?1. Heifers were managed in a small feedlot and fed a defined ration. Ovarian function was evaluated by ultrasonography and plasma P₄ throughout the synchronized and return cycles. Energy balance was evaluated using plasma insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐I) and glucose concentrations. The impact of environmental stressors was evaluated using plasma cortisol concentration. Heifers that had normal ovarian function had significantly higher IGF‐I concentrations at commencement of the experiment (p = 0.008) and significantly higher plasma glucose concentrations at Day ?2 (p = 0.040) and Day 4 (p = 0.043), than heifers with abnormal ovarian function. There was no difference between the mean pre‐ovulatory cortisol concentrations of heifers that ovulated or did not ovulate. However, heifers that ovulated had higher cortisol concentrations at Day 4 (p = 0.056) and 6 (p = 0.026) after ovulation than heifers that did not ovulate.  相似文献   

Congenital portosystemic shunts in Maltese and Australian Cattle Dogs   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

PLC TISDALL  GB HUNT ‡  CR BELLENGER †  R. MALIK † 《Australian veterinary journal》1994,71(6):174-178

SUMMARY Congenital portosystemic shunts were definitively diagnosed in 62 dogs over a period of 15 years. Maltese and Australian Cattle Dogs were significantly over-represented, accounting for 14 and 13 cases, respectively. Maltese invariably had a single extrahepatic shunt derived from the left gastric or gastrosplenic vein, whereas Cattle Dogs usually had large intrahepatic shunts involving the right liver lobes. The clinical syndromes resulting from anomalous portosystemic communications were indistinguishable in the 2 breeds. Fasting blood ammonia concentration was elevated in 20 of 22 dogs tested, providing a minimally invasive and effective means of diagnosis. Complete or partial shunt attenuation was performed successfully in all 9 Maltese and in 2 of 6 Cattle Dogs in which it was attempted.  相似文献   

Requirement of heterochromatin for cohesion at centromeres   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Bernard P  Maure JF  Partridge JF  Genier S  Javerzat JP  Allshire RC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2001,294(5551):2539-2542

Centromeres are heterochromatic in many organisms, but the mitotic function of this silent chromatin remains unknown. During cell division, newly replicated sister chromatids must cohere until anaphase when Scc1/Rad21-mediated cohesion is destroyed. In metazoans, chromosome arm cohesins dissociate during prophase, leaving centromeres as the only linkage before anaphase. It is not known what distinguishes centromere cohesion from arm cohesion. Fission yeast Swi6 (a Heterochromatin protein 1 counterpart) is a component of silent heterochromatin. Here we show that this heterochromatin is specifically required for cohesion between sister centromeres. Swi6 is required for association of Rad21-cohesin with centromeres but not along chromosome arms and, thus, acts to distinguish centromere from arm cohesion. Therefore, one function of centromeric heterochromatin is to attract cohesin, thereby ensuring sister centromere cohesion and proper chromosome segregation.  相似文献   

A delayed wave of death from reproduction in Drosophila     

Sgrò CM  Partridge L 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1999,286(5449):2521-2524

Mortality rates typically increase rapidly at the onset of aging but can decelerate at later ages. Reproduction increases the death rate in many organisms. To test the idea that a delayed impact of earlier reproduction contributes to both an increase in death rates and a later deceleration in mortality, the timing of the surplus mortality produced by an increased level of egg production was measured in female Drosophila. Reproduction produced a delayed wave of mortality, coincident with the sharp increase in death rates at the onset of aging and the subsequent deceleration of mortality. These results suggest that aging has evolved primarily because of the damaging effects of reproduction earlier in life, rather than because of mutations that have detrimental effects only at late ages.  相似文献   

Relationships among Puberty,Muscle and Fat,and Liveweight Gain during Mating in Young Female Sheep          下载免费PDF全文

CA Rosales Nieto  MB Ferguson  H Thompson  JR Briegel  CA Macleay  GB Martin  AN Thompson 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2015,50(4):637-642

Greater depths of muscle are associated with better reproductive performance in ewe lambs, but, in adult ewes, reproductive performance also seems to vary with liveweight gain during the mating period. Therefore, in a large field study with Merino ewe lambs, we tested whether the relationships among eye muscle depth (EMD), fat depth (FAT) and reproductive performance depend on liveweight gain during the mating period. We selected lambs with a wide range in phenotypic values for depths of eye muscle (EMD) and fat (FAT) and assigned them to dietary treatments designed to achieve low (LOW, n = 244) or high (HIGH, n = 237) rates of liveweight gain during a 28‐day mating period. The LOW treatment maintained live weight, whereas the HIGH treatment gained 179 ± 3.8 g/day (p < 0.001). From those ewe lambs that attained puberty, first oestrus was detected at live weight 37.8 ± 0.2 kg and age 232 days. The proportion of ewes that attained puberty increased with EMD (p < 0.01). Ewes from the HIGH treatment were more fertile (pregnant ewes per 100 ewes exposed to rams) and had a higher reproductive rate (foetuses in utero per 100 ewes exposed to rams; p < 0.001) than those from the LOW treatment. Fertility and reproductive rate were positively correlated with weight gain during mating as well as live weight at the start of mating, FAT and EMD (p < 0.05 to <0.001). We conclude that faster growth, due to either extra nutrition during mating or higher phenotypic potential for fat and muscle, will increase reproductive performance in ewe lambs mated at 8 months of age.  相似文献   

A case-control study of the morphological measurements of equine distal interphalangeal joints affected by osseous cyst-like lesions     

A. J. Fairburn  C. E. Sherlock  S. M. Partridge  T. S. Mair 《Equine Veterinary Education》2022,34(9):473-479

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