Allele frequency of hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia in American Quarter horses in Brazil determined by quantitative real-time PCR with high resolution melting analysis     

Peres R. Badial  José P. Oliveira-Filho  Nena J. Winand  Alexandre S. Borges 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2014,199(2):306-307

Hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia (HERDA) is a genetic disorder that occurs in the American Quarter horse (AQH) and is caused by a c.115G>A missense mutation in the peptidylprolyl isomerase B (PPIB) gene. Using a quantitative real-time PCR high resolution melting analysis genotyping assay for the PPIB mutation, the estimated HERDA allele and carrier frequencies in a sample of Brazilian AQHs were 2.9% and 5.8%, respectively.  相似文献   

Implementation of simple sequence repeat markers to genotype Florida strawberry varieties     

Asha M. Brunings  Catalina Moyer  Natalia Peres  Kevin M. Folta 《Euphytica》2010,173(1):63-75

Simple sequence repeats (SSRs or microsatellites) are frequently used as a robust, rapid, and relatively inexpensive means of genotyping. Recent reports in cultivated strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) have identified a widely applicable set of SSRs that permits discrimination of closely-related genotypes. In the present study this same set of SSRs is analyzed in cultivars commonly grown in the state of Florida, as well as advanced breeding selections from the University of Florida program. Nine primer pairs have been used to produce discrete SSR patterns for all lines tested, including diagnostic sets that distinguish between closely-related cultivars and/or breeding selections. A comparison of markers to known pedigrees is presented, along with analysis of relative relatedness between lines studied. We also detail important technical considerations for transferability and limitations of these technologies between laboratories. The resulting genotype data for cultivars commonly used in Florida are accessible as supplemental data in graphic format and allow comparison with other cultivars. Users can thus select the most diagnostic SSRs to test the lines in question. These resources provide new tools for breeders and nurseries to authenticate genotypes, follow inheritance patterns and enforce patent protection. As important, this report underscores the strengths and weaknesses of applying the original methodologies to a different plant population in independent laboratories.  相似文献   

Dietary protein requirement of zebra sea bream (Diplodus cervinus,Lowe 1838) juveniles          下载免费PDF全文

F. Coutinho  H. Peres  C. Castro  A. Pérez‐Jiménez  R. Magalhães  P. Pousão‐Ferreira  A. Oliva‐Teles 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2016,22(2):465-471

A 14 weeks growth trial was performed to estimate the protein requirement for growth and maintenance of zebra sea bream (Diplodus cervinus) juveniles. For that purpose, nine isolipidic diets were formulated to contain increasing protein levels (from 50 to 550 g kg^?1) at the expense of carbohydrate. Each diet was assigned to duplicate groups of 20 fish, with an average body weight of 7.7 g. Feed efficiency improved with dietary protein up to 400 g kg^?1, no further differences being noticed at higher protein levels. Fish fed the 50 g kg^?1 protein diet lost weight during the trial. In the other groups, weight gain improved as dietary protein increased up to 350–400 g kg^?1. Fish fed diets with 250 g kg^?1 protein or lower had lower whole‐body protein content than the other groups. A curvilinear‐plateau model was used to adjust weight gain and protein gain (g kg ABW^?1 day^?1) to dietary protein levels. Based on that model, the optimum dietary protein requirement for maximum weight gain was estimated to be 437.6 g kg^?1 and for maximum protein gain 461.9 g kg^?1, corresponding to a protein intake of 7.63 g kg ABW^?1 day^?1. Protein requirement for maintenance was estimated to be 1.01 g kg ABW^?1 day^?1.  相似文献   

Evaluation of carbohydrate‐to‐lipid ratio in diets supplemented with Bacillus subtilis probiotic strain on growth performance,body composition and digestibility in juvenile white seabass (Atractoscion nobilis,Ayres 1860)          下载免费PDF全文

Lus M López  Jorge Olmos Soto  Idaly Trejo Escamilla  Maricela Flores Ibarra  Leonel Ochoa  Mark Drawbridge  Helena Peres 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(6):1864-1873

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of increasing the carbohydrate to lipid ratio in diets supplemented with Bacillus subtilis in white seabass (Atractoscion nobilis) juveniles on digestibility, growth performance, feed utilization efficiency and tissue composition. Four experimental isoenergetic and isoproteic diets supplemented with B. subtilis were formulated with increasing starch to lipid ratios (g/g) of 10:19; 14:17; 18:15 and 22:13 (diets PD10, PD14, PD18 and PD22 respectively). A negative control diet for B. subtilis supplementation was also formulated to be similar to diet PD10 (diet CD10). Each experimental diet was fed to triplicate groups of 20 fish per tank (IBW: 9.5 g), three times a day, to apparent satiation, for 60 days. Supplementation with B. subtilis, of the low starch‐high lipid diet (10:19), significantly enhanced the overall growth performance, digestibility and feed efficiency. Moreover, the increase in starch to lipid ratio, in supplemented probiotic diets, significantly increased growth performance, feed intake, feed utilization efficiency and protein and energy digestibility, being maximum for the highest dietary starch to lipid level. Lipid content of whole body, muscle and liver and hepatosomatic index significantly increased with the increase in starch to lipid ratio. The results of this study indicate that B. subtilis supplementation significantly enhanced growth performance, digestibility and feed utilization of low starch‐high lipid diet. However, further improvement of growth performance and feed utilization efficiency may be achieved combining B. subtilis supplementation with increased dietary starch to lipid ratio to 22:13.  相似文献   

Postbloom fruit drop of citrus and key lime anthracnose are caused by distinct phylogenetic lineages of Colletotrichum acutatum   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Peres NA  Mackenzie SJ  Peever TL  Timmer LW 《Phytopathology》2008,98(3):345-352

Colletotrichum acutatum causes two diseases of citrus, postbloom fruit drop (PFD) and Key lime anthracnose (KLA). PFD is a disease restricted to flowers of sweet orange and most other citrus, and symptoms include petal necrosis, abscission of developing fruit, and the formation of persistent calyces. KLA is a disease of foliage, flowers, and fruits of Key lime only, and symptoms include necrotic lesions on leaves, fruits, twigs, flowers, and blight of entire shoots. The internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 and the gene encoding the 5.8S ribosomal RNA subunit within the nuclear ribosomal cluster (ITS) and intron 2 of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene (G3PD) were sequenced for isolates from PFD-affected sweet orange and KLA-affected Key limes collected in the United States (Florida), Brazil (S?o Paulo), Mexico, Belize, Costa Rica, and the Dominican Republic to determine if there are consistent genetic differences between PFD and KLA isolates over the geographic area where these diseases occur. Based on the sequence data, isolates clustered into two well-supported clades with little or no sequence variation among isolates within clades. One clade (PFD clade) contained PFD isolates from all countries sampled plus a few isolates from flowers of Key lime in Brazil. The other clade (KLA clade) contained KLA isolates from Key lime foliage from all countries sampled and one isolate from flowers of sweet orange in Mexico. In greenhouse inoculations with PFD and KLA isolates from Florida, isolates from both clades produced PFD symptoms on Orlando tangelo flowers, but KLA-clade isolates produced significantly less severe symptoms. PFD-clade isolates were not pathogenic to Key lime foliage, confirming previous studies. The differentiation of PFD and KLA isolates into two well-supported clades and the pathogenicity data indicate that PFD and KLA are caused by distinct phylogenetic lineages of C. acutatum that are also biologically distinct. PFD is a recently described disease (first reported in 1979) relative to KLA (first reported in 1912) and it had been proposed that strains causing PFD evolved from strains causing KLA eventually losing pathogenicity to Key lime foliage. We reject the hypothesis that PFD strains have diverged from KLA strains recently based on estimated divergence times of haplotypes and it appears that PFD and KLA strains have been dispersed throughout the Americas independently in association with each host.  相似文献   

Water temperature does not affect protein sparing by dietary carbohydrate in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) juveniles     

Inês Guerreiro  Helena Peres  Carolina Castro  Amalia Pérez‐Jiménez  Manuela Castro‐Cunha  Aires Oliva‐Teles 《Aquaculture Research》2014,45(2):289-298

The effect of dietary protein reduction balanced by an increase in carbohydrate (starch) level on growth performance, feed utilization and intermediary metabolism of Senegalese sole juveniles was evaluated at two temperatures, 12 and 18°C. For that purpose two isolipidic (16% lipids) diets were formulated to contain 550gkg^?1 protein and 90gkg^?1 starch (diet HP:LC), and 450gkg^?1 protein and 200gkg^?1 starch (diet LP:HC). Each experimental diet was fed to triplicate groups of 20 fish (initial body weight: 15.9g) within each temperature. Diets had no effect on growth and feed utilization. Temperature affected growth but not feed efficiency, with fish growing more at 18°C. Fatty acid synthetase and glutamate dehydrogenase activities were higher at 12°C than at 18°C while activity of the other measured enzymes was not affected by water temperature. Glucokinase and malic enzyme activities were lower while fructose 1,6‐bisphosphatase activity was higher in fish fed the HP:LC diet. Our data suggest that protein can be reduced from 550 gkg^?1 to 450 gkg^?1 by increasing starch level in high lipid diets for Senegalese sole juveniles without affecting overall performance. A reduction in protein content through an increase in dietary starch decreases hepatic gluconeogenesis. Increasing temperature from 12°C to 18°C improves fish growth but does not affect feed efficiency.  相似文献   

Assessment of field fertility and several in vitro sperm characteristics following the use of different Angus sires in a timed-AI program with suckled Nelore cows     

Letícia Zoccolaro Oliveira  Rubens Paes de Arruda  André Furugen Cesar de Andrade  Eneiva Carla Carvalho Celeghini  Ricarda Maria dos Santos  Marcelo Emílio Beletti  Rogério Fonseca Guimarães Peres  Clara Slade Oliveira  Vera Fernanda Martins Hossepian de Lima 《Livestock Science》2012,146(1):38-46

In order to provide information that may help researchers to understand the main cause(s) of differences in bull fertility frequently observed in field trials, this study aimed to investigate conception rates as well as several in vitro sperm characteristics of different sires of unknown fertility utilized in a Timed-AI (TAI) program. Suckled Nelore cows submitted to the same TAI protocol were allocated into eight breeding groups of approximately 120 animals each. Frozen semen doses from three Angus bulls and three different batches from each bull were utilized. Approximately 100 doses from each batch were used in TAI. Sires, batches and AI technicians were equally distributed across breeding groups. Cows were examined for pregnancy diagnosis 40 d after TAI. For in vitro sperm analyses, the same thawing procedure was repeated in the laboratory to mimic field conditions. The following in vitro sperm characteristics were assessed: computerized motility, thermal resistance, plasma and acrosomal membrane integrity, lipid peroxidation, morphology, morphometry and chromatin structure. No effect of breeding group, body condition score, AI technician and sire was observed. However, some significant differences among bulls were detected in laboratory analyses. Semen from sire presenting numerically lower (P > 0.05) pregnancy/AI also presented lower (P < 0.05) values in all sperm characteristics analyzed in thermal resistance test at 4 h (Total Motility, Progressive Motility, Average Path Velocity, Straight-Line Velocity, Curvilinear Velocity, Amplitude of Lateral Head Displacement, Beat Cross Frequency, Straightness, Linearity, and Percentage of Rapidly Moving Cells), higher (P < 0.05) Major and Total Defects in sperm morphological test, lower (P < 0.05) Length, Ellipticity and Fourier parameter (Fourier 0) in sperm morphometric analysis as well as higher (P < 0.05) chromatin heterogeneity. It was concluded that, although no bull effect was observed in the field experiment, the sire that presented numerically lower pregnancy/AI also presented lower semen quality according to the laboratory analyses performed.  相似文献   

Regional scale effects of human density and forest disturbance on large-bodied vertebrates throughout the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico     

Tania Urquiza-Haas  Carlos A. Peres 《Biological conservation》2009,142(1):134-148

The occupancy probability of 35 large-bodied bird and mammal species was examined in relation to patch- and landscape-scale habitat and disturbance variables in 147 forest patches distributed throughout the Mexican Yucatán Peninsula. Occupancy was assessed on the basis of interviews with local informants. The most important predictors of vertebrate species richness, composition, and patch occupancy were human population density and the extent and quality of forest cover. Most forest species responded positively to forest extent, while felids in particular were sensitive to human population density. However, the effects of human density on patch occupancy operated at extremely local scales. Effects were stronger at a smaller grain size, offering optimistic prospects for conservation strategies that incorporate human population effects. Three arboreal frugivores (Ateles geoffroyi, Alouatta pigra, and Ramphastos sulfuratus) were strongly associated with total basal area of trees bearing fleshy fruits. The degree of hunting pressure was not related to human population density, and affected the occupancy probability of three game species, two of which (Mazama spp., Crax rubra) are among the most preferred prey across the Yucatán Peninsula. Levels of patch occupancy across this region varied considerably among species, and were best explained by body size and degree of forest habitat specificity, large-bodied species and habitat specialists being the most vulnerable. This study provides a quantitative assessment of the conservation potential of large vertebrates in Mesoamerica and identifies disturbance-sensitive species. This can inform regional-scale conservation planning at a time when low deforestation in parts of the Yucatán Peninsula still provides a narrow window of conservation opportunity given the rapid human population growth.  相似文献   

Brown spot of tangerine hybrid cultivars Minneola, Page and Fortune caused by Alternaria alternata in Iran     

M. Golmohammadi  M. Andrew  T. L. Peever  N. A. Peres  L. W. Timmer 《Plant pathology》2006,55(4):578-578

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Hypertrophic osteodystrophy in six weimaraner puppies associated with systemic signs.     

V Abeles  S Harrus  J M Angles  G Shalev  I Aizenberg  Y Peres  I Aroch 《The Veterinary record》1999,145(5):130-134

Six weimaraner puppies, five of which were genetically related, showed systemic signs associated with hypertrophic osteodystrophy, including fever and involvement of the gastrointestinal, respiratory or nervous systems, in addition to the metaphyseal lesions. In five of the dogs the clinical signs developed less than 10 days after they had been vaccinated with a modified live virus vaccine. Radiographic findings suggested that both the hindlimbs and forelimbs were equally involved in the disease process. Abnormal haematological findings included leucocytosis with neutrophilia and monocytosis, and there was a consistent increase in the activity of alkaline phosphatase. Serum protein electrophoretic studies of three of the dogs revealed hypogammaglobulinaemia and abetaglobulinaemia in two of them. Conservative treatment with rest and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs had little effect, and treatment with corticosteroids appeared to give the best results.  相似文献