Infectivity of seropositive dogs, showing different clinical forms of leishmaniasis, to Lutzomyia longipalpis phlebotomine sand flies     

Michalsky EM  Rocha MF  da Rocha Lima AC  França-Silva JC  Pires MQ  Oliveira FS  Pacheco RS  dos Santos SL  Barata RA  Romanha AJ  Fortes-Dias CL  Dias ES 《Veterinary parasitology》2007,147(1-2):67-76

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a growing zoonosis with an increasing number of new cases and a rapid geographical spreading of the disease. In the present study, a canine survey was carried out in the city of Montes Claros (320,000 inhabitants), an endemic area of American visceral leishmaniasis in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. A total number of 4795 dogs were examined by serology, which showed a rate of seropositivity of 5%. Isoenzymatic analysis confirmed Leishmania infantum chagasi as the local aetiological agent of CVL. Canine tissues were assayed for the presence of Leishmania parasite DNA using different techniques. The infectivity of asymptomatic, oligosymptomatic and symptomatic seropositive dogs was tested by xenodiagnosis using laboratory reared Lutzomyia longipalpis. Rates of infection of 5.4%, 5.1% and 28.4% were found for the phlebotomine sand flies that fed in asymptomatic, oligosymptomatic and symptomatic dogs, respectively. Our results indicate that, under experimental conditions, symptomatic dogs are about four times more infective to VL vectors than oligosymptomatic or asymptomatic animals. The lower infectivity rates of dogs displaying any of the last two clinical forms of leishmaniasis, however, must be taken into account in the epidemiology of CVL.  相似文献   

Genetic diversity in accessions of lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) determined from agro-morphological descriptors and SSR markers for use in breeding programs in Brazil     

de Jesús Pires  Carolline  Costa  Marcones Ferreira  Zucchi  Maria Imaculada  Ferreira-Gomes  Regina Lucia  Pinheiro  José Baldin  Viana  João Paulo Gomes  Bajay  Miklos Maximiliano  Assunção-Filho  José Ribamar  de Almeida Lopes  Ângela Celis 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2022,69(3):973-986

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - Lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) have high genetic diversity, especially in Brazil, which has been maintained both on farms and in germplasm banks. Knowledge...  相似文献   

Effects of fluazuron (2.5 mg/kg) and a combination of fluazuron (3.0 mg/kg) + abamectin (0.5 mg/kg) on the reproductive parameters of a field population of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus on experimentally infested cattle     

Breno Cayeiro Cruz  Weslen Fabricio Pires TeixeiraWillian Giquelin Maciel  Gustavo FelippelliFlávia Carolina Fávero  André Cayeiro CruzCarolina Buzzulini  Vando Edésio SoaresLucas Vinicius Costa Gomes  Welber Daniel Zanetti LopesGilson Pereira de Oliveira  Alvimar José da Costa 《Research in veterinary science》2014

The current study assessed the deleterious effects of two formulations of fluazuron (2.5 mg/kg fluazuron and a combination of 3.0 mg/kg fluazuron + 0.5 mg/kg abamectin) on the reproductive parameters of engorged Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus females that naturally detached from experimentally infested cattle in two experiments. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that fluazuron (2.5 mg/kg) showed deleterious effects only on the hatchability percentage in the period of 2–7 post-treatment days of this ectoparasite's engorged females. On the other hand, the fluazuron (3.0 mg/kg) + abamectin (0.5 mg/kg) combination presented harmful effects over reproductive parameters of this tick species. Further studies should be performed with a known tick population (reference susceptible strain) to determine the effect of these formulations on the reproductive parameters and to elucidate if this field population is fluazuron resistant.  相似文献   

Assessment of clogging effects on lateral hydraulics: proposing a monitoring and detection protocol     

Antonio Pires de Camargo  Bruno Molle  Séverine Tomas  José Antônio Frizzone 《Irrigation Science》2014,32(3):181-191

Ageing of drip irrigation systems due to clogging of emitters is considered the largest maintenance problem in microirrigation and this problem is enhanced in subsurface irrigation systems. Whatever the source of the clogging problem, a methodology for early detection of clogging in the field can be useful in decision-making about deploying cleaning processes (flushing or injection of chemicals) and avoiding replacement of laterals. This work presents a methodology for simulating clogging conditions able to reproduce the effects of clogging on pressure profiles, head loss, and emitters flow rate distribution along a single levelled lateral with constant inlet pressure. This methodology was validated by several experiments conducted under controlled conditions of clogging induced by changes in the flow rate of emitters. The effects of clogging intensity and position on hydraulic parameters of a single lateral were analysed in detail and aspects relating to pressure, head loss, and flow rate measurements were discussed. For a given lateral set-up, it is possible to draw a chart relating flow rate and head loss for various levels and positions of clogging. Assuming that measurements of head loss and flow rate are available, this diagram enables immediate estimation of the level and location of clogging, which is useful for deploying maintenance routines. Finally, a protocol was proposed to detect the level of clogging and estimate its position along a levelled lateral under constant inlet pressure. Although constant lateral inlet pressure is atypical in large agricultural settings, it may occur in greenhouse or experimental settings.  相似文献   

Feline Endometrial Adenocarcinoma in Females <1 Year Old: A Description of Four Cases     

R Payan‐Carreira  AL Saraiva  T Santos  H Vilhena  A Sousa  C Santos  MA Pires 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2013,48(5):e70-e77

Uterine neoplasms of epithelial origin are rare in cats and most often are described in older females. Yet, in less than 2 years, four ovariohysterectomy specimens were submitted from different practices to the Laboratory of Histology and Anatomical Pathology, at UTAD (Vila Real, Portugal), that emitted a diagnosis of feline endometrial adenocarcinoma. Untypically, all the females were aged <1 year old at the surgery. Access to the clinical files was requested to document the clinical features of the four cases, including any complementary data available, to construct the present case reports. The clinical situation developed with discrete signs, but vulvar discharge was present in three cases, ranging from bloody to brownish or colourless, and from purulent to mucous. The females were in dioestrus, although the oestrus remained unperceived in most cases. In this study, the four clinical situations are described and discussed on the basis of available literature, highlighting the aspects that may impair an early diagnosis and that may favour the progression of the disease and also that age should not be an excluding criteria when analysing the differential diagnosis list.  相似文献   

Morphological characterization of leaf, flower, fruit and seed traits among Brazilian Theobroma L. species     

Ronaldo Carvalho Santos  José Luiz Pires  Ronan Xavier Correa 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2012,59(3):327-345

Morphological variability of four wild species, one semi-cultivated and one cultivated species of Theobroma L., indigenous to Brazil and introduced in the Bahian cocoa-growing region, was characterized based on 35 quantitative and 13 qualitative traits. T. cacao, which shows a great diversity of conserved germplasm and many published references for morphological characterization, besides of being one of the most cultivated species in Theobroma, was used for comparison as reference species. Sample size was defined for each organ evaluated and individual data set related to leaf, flower, fruit and seed analyzed by a multivariate approach. The studied species showed a large variation for all morphological traits evaluated. T. grandiflorum (Willd. ex Spreng.) Schum. and T. bicolor Humb. et Bonpl. showed the highest means for quantitative variables but were very divergent from each other considering flower and qualitative traits. These were the only species that presented similar number of seeds in comparison with T. cacao. A species with smaller means for most traits was T. obovatum Klotzsch ex Bernoulli. The four wild species show white seeds while T. cacao shows purple ones. Multivariate analysis of variance indicates significant differences between Theobroma species for individual or grouped morphological fruit traits. The results from a cluster analysis were, in a general way, congruent with botanical classification. The statistical analysis performed here was useful to identify a great variability among evaluated traits and to distinguish the most divergent variables from Theobroma species. This work provided an important contribution to morphological characterization of polymorphic traits from different organs of Theobroma species, which can help breeders in the future on the direction of interspecific crosses attempts.  相似文献   

The 18O/16O and 17O/16O ratios in atmospheric nitrous oxide: A mass-independent anomaly     

SS Cliff  MH Thiemens 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1997,278(5344):1774-1776

Measurements of the oxygen isotope ratios (18O/16O and 17O/16O) in atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) from La Jolla, Pasadena, and the White Mountain Research Station (elevation, 3801 meters) in California and the White Sands Missile Range in New Mexico show that N2O has a mass-independent composition. These data suggest the presence of a previously undefined atmospheric process. The La Jolla samples can be explained by a mixing between an atmospherically derived source of mass-independent N2O and biologically derived mass-dependent N2O. Possible origins of the mass-independent anomaly in N2O are discussed.  相似文献