Validation of the BioPRYN enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay for detection of pregnancy‐specific protein‐B (PSPB) and diagnosis of pregnancy in American bison (Bison bison)          下载免费PDF全文

DM Love  MT Mefford  JC Ramer 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2017,52(5):791-797

This study assessed the accuracy of the commercial BioPRYN^® ELISA for the detection of pregnancy‐specific protein‐B (PSPB) using a single blood sample to determine pregnancy status in American bison (Bison bison). A total of 49 bison cows were used in the study, and sampled at two time‐points during the gestation period, fall and spring, correlating with early‐ to mid‐term gestation (average 62.9 days post‐mating) and mid‐ to late‐term gestation (average 229.2 days post‐mating), respectively. Sensitivity of the test during early‐ to mid‐term gestation sampling period (fall) was 87.1%, while specificity was 100%; sensitivity of the test during late‐term gestation sampling period (spring) was 96.3%, while specificity remained at 100%. In total, the test showed a total sensitivity of 91.4%, specificity of 100% and total accuracy of 93.8%, similar to domestic cattle. Use of the single‐sample BioPRYN^® ELISA in American Bison for pregnancy diagnosis is economical and practical, minimizing animal handling time, frequency and subsequent stress while providing accurate results for pregnancy diagnosis at 62 days post‐mating. This method should be considered over more traditional pregnancy diagnosis methods for use in managed bison herds.  相似文献   

Autoantibody profiles in the sera of patients with Q fever: characterization of antigens by immunofluorescence,immunoblot and sequence analysis     

MT Camacho  I Outschoorn  A Tellez  J Sequí 《Journal of Autoimmune Diseases》2005,2(1):10

Recent reports have shown that some of the immunological aspects of Q fever, a rickettsiosis caused by Coxiella burnetii, could be related to self-antigen responses. The aim of this study was to determine the specificity of the autoantibody response of patients with acute and chronic Coxiella infections. Smooth muscle and cardiac muscle-specific autoantibodies were observed in significant percentages in acutely or chronically affected Q fever patients when compared to healthy volunteers. Moreover, the incidence of cardiac muscle-specific autoantibody was significantly higher among chronically ill patients compared to acutely ill patients. Moreover, a band of 50 kD of a HeLa extract was detected in most of the sera of individuals with chronic infections and previous sequence analysis suggests that this antigen presents a high degree of homology with the human actin elongation factor 1 alpha. Further research would be necessary to confirm if antibodies to human cytoskeletal proteins could be of clinical importance in chronically infected Q fever patients.  相似文献   

Directional Freezing of Equine Semen in Large Volumes   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

J Saragusty  H Gacitua  MT Pettit  A Arav 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2007,42(6):610-615

Despite its potential impact on the horse industry, sperm cryopreservation is not an established technology throughout the industry, for a number of reasons that include a reduction in pregnancy rate and increased cost per pregnancy. We have evaluated a novel directional freezing technique, based on a multi-thermal gradient (MTG), by comparing it with the conventional, controlled-rate cryopreservation method (CRCM). Ninety-seven ejaculates with > or =50% motility, collected from 31 stallions were each divided into two parts and subsequently frozen by either MTG or CRCM. Frozen samples were then stored in liquid nitrogen until thawing. The two treatments were evaluated by three methods: progressive linear motility (PLM), viability stain and hypoosmotic swelling (HOS) test. High correlation was found between the three evaluation methods for all post-thaw samples. Eighty-eight per cent of the ejaculates frozen by MTG had post-thaw PLM > or =35%, whereas only 59% of the ejaculates frozen by CRCM had such motility. Post-thaw evaluations of samples frozen by MTG and CRCM were: PLM - 50.2 +/- 1.5% and 37.4 +/- 1.5%, respectively; viability - 53.6 +/- 1.5% and 39.5 +/- 1.4%, respectively; membrane integrity, as evaluated by HOS - 36.2 +/- 1.3% and 26.5 +/- 1.1%, respectively. The differences according to all the evaluation methods were highly significant (p < 0.001), and the results indicate that freezing stallion semen by MTG is superior to CRCM.  相似文献   

Acute undifferentiated leukaemia in a dog     

A Miglio  MT Antognoni  B Miniscalco  D Caivano  E Lepri  F Birettoni  V Mangili 《Australian veterinary journal》2014,92(12):499-503

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Thiamine pyrophosphate hydrochloride: stereochemical aspects from an x-ray diffraction study     

J Pletcher  M Sax 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1966,154(754):1331-1333

The crystal structure of thiamine pyrophosphate has been determined by a three-dimensional x-ray analysis. The conformation of the molecule in the crystalline state is determined by the formal charge distribution within the molecule which exists as a zwitterion with the negative pyrophosphate chain folded back over the positive, ring portion of the molecule. The oxygen atoms in the pyrophosphate group are in the staggered conformation when viewed along the phosphorus-phosphorus axis. Even though the pyrophosphate is present in this compound as the monoionized monoester, the configuration is the same as that present in the inorganic pyrophosphate ion. From a comparison of three different crystal structures containing the thiamine moiety and from studies with atomic models, it seems plausible that the basic molecular conformation observed in this crystal is maintained in the catalytically active molecule. Knowledge of the detailed crystal structure provides new insight into the biochemical mechanism of reactions catalyzed by thiamine pyrophosphate.  相似文献   

Dislocation of the coxo-femoral joint in dairy cows     

MT. LARCOMBE  J. MALMO† 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(11):351-354

Coxo-femoral dislocation was diagnosed in 40 dairy cows. Of the 40 cases, 19 were in a cranio-dorsal direction, 2 caudo-dorsal, 17 caudo-ventral (into the obturator foramen), and 2 cranio-ventral. Thirty cases (75%) were successfully treated by closed reduction. Most cows were treated within 12 h of the dislocation occurring. Treatment was less successful in cases of caudo-ventral dislocation and unsuccessful cases predominated among cows with concurrent obstetrical paralysis or milk fever, and very heavy Friesians.  相似文献   

Silicone Oil Used in Microdrop Culture can affect Bovine Embryonic Development and Freezability   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

A Van Soom  A R Mahmoudzadeh  A Christophe  MT Ysebaert  & A de Kruif 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2001,36(3-4):169-176

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Further investigation of lead exposure as a potential threatening process for a scavenging marsupial species     

DJ Hutchinson  EM Jones  JM Pay  JR Clarke  MT Lohr  JO Hampton 《Australian veterinary journal》2023,101(8):313-319

There is a growing recognition of the harmful effects of lead exposure on avian and mammalian scavengers. This can lead to both lethal and non-lethal effects which may negatively impact wildlife populations. Our objective was to assess medium-term lead exposure in wild Tasmanian devils (Sarcophilus harrisii). Frozen liver samples (n = 41), opportunistically collected in 2017–2022, were analysed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to determine liver lead concentrations. These results were then used to calculate the proportion of animals with elevated lead levels (>5 mg/kg dry weight) and examine the role of explanatory variables that may have influenced the results. The majority of samples analysed were from the south-east corner of Tasmania, within 50 km of Hobart. No Tasmanian devil samples were found to have elevated lead levels. The median liver lead concentration was 0.17 mg/kg (range 0.05–1.32 mg/kg). Female devils were found to have significantly higher liver lead concentrations than males (P = 0.013), which was likely related to lactation, but other variables (age, location, body mass) were not significant. These results suggest that wild Tasmanian devil populations currently show minimal medium-term evidence of exposure to lead pollution, although samples were concentrated in peri-urban areas. The results provide a baseline level which can be used to assess the impact of any future changes in lead use in Tasmania. Furthermore, these data can be used as a comparison for lead exposure studies in other mammalian scavengers, including other carnivorous marsupial species.  相似文献   

Developmental Competence and Embryo Quality of Small Oocytes from Pre‐pubertal Goats Cultured in IVM Medium Supplemented with Low Level of Hormones,Insulin–Transferrin–Selenium and Ascorbic Acid     

S Hammami  R Morató  R Romaguera  M Roura  MG Catalá  MT Paramio  T Mogas  D Izquierdo 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2013,48(2):339-344

The aim of this study was to test the effect of insulin–transferrin–selenium (ITS) and L‐ascorbic acid (AA) supplementation and the hormonal level during in vitro maturation (IVM) of small oocytes from pre‐pubertal goat on the blastocyst yield and quality. Concretely, we used four maturation media: conventional IVM medium (CM), growth medium (GM: CM+ITS+AA and low level of hormones), modified CM (mCM: CM with low level of hormones) and modified GM (mGM: CM+ITS+AA and normal level of hormones). Cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) were classified into two categories according to oocyte diameter: <125 μm and ≥125 μm. Large oocytes were matured 24 h in CM (Treatment A). Small oocytes were matured randomly in six experimental groups: Treatment B: 24 h in CM; Treatment C: 12 h in GM and 12 h in CM; Treatment D: 24 h in mGM; Treatment E: 12 h in mGM and 12 h in CM; Treatment F: 12 h in mCM and 12 h in CM; and Treatment G: 12 h in GM and 12 h in mGM. After IVM, oocytes were fertilized and cultured for 8 days. The blastocyst quality was assessed by the survival following vitrification/warming and the mean cell number. When different maturation media were combined, the blastocyst rate did not improve. The large oocytes produced the highest blastocysts yield. However, the culture of small oocytes in GM (53.3%) enhanced the post‐warming survival of blastocysts compared to large oocytes matured in CM (35.7%). In conclusion, IVM of pre‐pubertal goat small oocytes in GM would be useful to improve the quality of in vitro‐produced blastocysts.  相似文献   

Naturally occurring and experimental Stachys arvensis (staggerweed) toxicity in lambs in New Zealand     

BL Vaatstra  KG Thompson  FI Hill  MT Walshe  ML Gilmour 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(3)

Stachys arvensis (staggerweed) is a common, widely distributed weed of cultivated and waste land with the potential to intoxicate sheep. Two naturally occurring outbreaks of suspected staggerweed toxicity in the lower North Island were investigated. Affected lambs had been recently moved onto staggerweed-contaminated Brassica spp. crops. In total, 150/1,200 (13%) lambs developed hindlimb paresis, a fine generalised muscular tremor, and hunched posture. When forced to move, many became recumbent. Most lambs recovered within 48 h of removal from staggerweed, although a few developed clinical signs again when transported 2–3 weeks later. Grossly, affected lambs had large amounts of staggerweed plant material and seeds within the rumen. Histopathology showed mild, multifocal degeneration of the white matter tracts of the central nervous system (CNS), most commonly in the ventral funiculi of the spinal cord, and acute, mild to moderate, multifocal degeneration of skeletal muscles. Creatine kinase (CK) activity in serum was mildly to markedly elevated in affected lambs. In a feeding trial, ten 10-month-old Romney lambs were randomly assigned to equal treatment and control groups. Treated lambs were drenched with a liquid extract of staggerweed once daily for 7 days. Three of five treated lambs developed mild exercise intolerance, and 1/5 displayed mild paresis of the hindlimbs, slightly crouched hindlimb stance, and shortened gait, on days 6 and 7. Histologically, 4/5 treated lambs had degeneration in white matter tracts of the CNS, indistinguishable from those seen in the lambs in the outbreak, and in 1/5 lambs there was scattered regeneration of skeletal muscle. CK activity in serum in treated lambs was not significantly higher than that in control lambs. None of the control lambs developed significant clinical signs, histological changes or increases in CK activity in serum. The clinical signs and lesions observed in both the outbreaks and feeding trial were similar to those previously described in studies in Australia, with the exception that myodegeneration was more prominent in the outbreaks in New Zealand. Further characterisation of the pathogenesis of staggerweed toxicity and its potential role as a food safety hazard will be facilitated through identification of the toxic principle(s).  相似文献