蛋白质与淀粉对挂面和方便面品质及微观结构的影响   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

师俊玲  魏益民  张国权 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2001,29(1):44-50

以小麦淀粉、小麦活性面筋粉和标准面粉为原料 ,通过控制各原料比例的方法 ,结合扫描电子显微镜技术 ,观察与分析了不同淀粉与蛋白质含量的混合粉在制作面条和方便面过程中微观结构、加工特性及食用品质的变化情况。结果表明 ,蛋白质和淀粉含量对面条和方便面的品质都有重要影响 ,相对而言 ,蛋白质的作用大于淀粉。只有蛋白质和淀粉间比例及其在面粉中含量处于比较合适的水平时 ,才能制成高品质的挂面和方便面。蛋白质经吸水或变性后形成的网络结构是使面团具有可塑性、熟面条具有弹性和部分韧性、方便面具有良好复水性的主要原因 ;也是束缚淀粉颗粒 ,防止其从面条中失落的主要因素。淀粉通过缓解面筋强度、添补蛋白质网络空隙等途径 ,有增大面团和面带延伸性、改善面带表面光滑性、增加面条白度等作用。  相似文献   

草莓果实发育过程中糖代谢相关基因的表达分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

柴叶茂  贾海锋  李春丽  秦岭  沈元月 《园艺学报》2011,38(4):637-643

 为了分析草莓（Fragaria × ananassa Duch.）果实发育过程中可溶性糖积累与相关基因表达量的关系,以‘杜克拉’草莓7个发育时期的果实为试材,利用实时荧光定量RT-PCR的方法,分析果实发育中蔗糖转运蛋白及糖代谢关键酶（酸性转化酶、蔗糖合成酶和蔗糖磷酸合成酶）4个基因的表达量以及可溶性糖含量的变化趋势。结果表明,蔗糖、葡萄糖和果糖含量随着果实发育都呈逐渐增加的趋势,尤其蔗糖积累与果实成熟的关系较密切。随着果实发育,蔗糖磷酸合成酶基因表达量呈逐渐增加的趋势,尤其在果实发育的后期增加较快;蔗糖合成酶和酸性转化酶基因表达量除了白熟期和转色期外,呈逐渐降低的趋势;蔗糖转运蛋白基因表达量呈先升后降,降后又升的变化趋势,尤其在白熟期前急剧增加。结合可溶性糖和基因变化趋势分析表明,蔗糖转运蛋白和蔗糖磷酸合成酶在草莓果实发育过程中发挥着重要的作用。  相似文献   

板栗赤霉素缺陷型短雄花序芽变的初步鉴定及CmGID1基因的表达分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李兴亮  郭献平  沈元月  曹庆芹  冯永庆  秦岭 《园艺学报》2011,38(7):1251-1258

 利用赤霉素、细胞分裂素、脱落酸、乙烯利和吲哚乙酸分别涂抹板栗短雄花序,结果显示仅赤霉素能够抑制短雄花序顶端的细胞程序性死亡,并在一定程度上恢复短雄花序的伸长生长。通过RT-PCR扩增方法,从板栗短雄花序芽变和正常雄花序cDNA中克隆出赤霉素受体基因GID1部分序列。测序及序列分析结果表明：克隆的cDNA片段为786 bp,所推导的氨基酸序列与杨毛果GID1氨基酸序列有91%的同源性,与陆地棉、蓖麻GID1均有85%的氨基酸序列同源性。经氨基酸序列功能分析,推测该GID1序列是板栗有编码功能的赤霉素受体基因,命名为CmGID1（GenBank登录号为HQ651231）。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,从花序萌发至花药萌发前期,除其中一个时期（5月23日）外,芽变短雄花序CmGID1的表达量均高于正常雄花序;在花序的快速生长期,芽变短雄花序CmGID1表达量显著高于正常雄花序（P < 0.01）;且赤霉素处理后恢复生长的短雄花序CmGID1表达量显著降低（P < 0.01）。综合试验结果,初步揭示了该短雄花序为一个赤霉素缺陷型突变体。  相似文献   

Erythropoietin attenuates cerebral ischemia-induced cognitive dysfunction through stimulation of hippocampal CREB phosphorylation in C57BL/6 mice     

CHEN Yuan-shou  PAN Gui-shu  QIN Wei  LUO Xiao-mei  YU Jing  ZHANG Chi 《园艺学报》2011,27(4):722-726

AIM: To investigate the neuroprotective effect of erythropoietin (EPO) on cognitive dysfunction and neuronal injury in hippocampal CA1 region induced by cerebral ischemia in mice. METHODS: Male C57BL/6 green fluorescent protein-transgenic mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham operation group (sham), ischemia/reperfusion group (I/R) and EPO-treated group. Transient cerebral global ischemia was induced by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (2-VO). The step-down test was used to measure the capacity of learning and memory of the animals in each group. Nissl staining was applied to examine the neuronal number in hippocampal CA1 region. The expression of phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein (pCREB) was determined by Western blotting. Alterations of dendritic morphology in hippocampal CA1 region were evaluated using laser scanning confocal microscopy and Neurolucida software. RESULTS: Transient cerebral ischemia caused deficits of spatial learning and memory, and delayed neuronal death and loss of dendritic spines in hippocampal CA1 region were also obvious. The EPO treatment significantly improved the cognitive function in cerebral ischemic mice, and the protein expression of pCREB was obviously increased. At the same time, neuronal death and loss of dendritic spines were reduced in hippocampal CA1 region. CONCLUSION: Erythropoietin increases the protein expression of pCREB, and reduces neuronal death and loss of dendritic spines. These processes may be responsible for erythropoietin-mediated neuroprotective effects and the improvement of cognitive function in cerebral ischemic mice.  相似文献   

Inhibition of Ang-2 and RGS-5 expression by nanogold results in normalization of vascellum in hepatic tumor     

FU Yue-wu  PAN Yun-long  QIN Li  SUN Li  LIU Ying-mei 《园艺学报》2011,27(12):2247-2252

AIM: To observe the vascular normalization effect of nanogold on hepatic tumor by inhibiting angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), regulator of G-protein signaling-5 (RGS-5) during certain time window. METHODS: H22 cells, the hepatocellular cancer cell line, were subcutaneously injected into the right armpits of 48 BALB/c nude mice. When the size of transplanted tumor reached 3~4 mm, the mice were divided into 2 groups: 36 mice in experiment group and 12 mice in control group. The mice in experimental group underwent injection of nanogold into the tumor once a day, and the mice in control group were injected with normal saline. After continuous treatment with nanogold for 3 days, 7 days and 11 days, the mice were sacrificed, the liver tumors were taken out to measure the size and weight. The expression of Ang-1,Ang-2 and RGS-5 in the tumor was detected by the method of immunohistochemical staining. The normalizing shapes of tumor vessels and the pericytes were observed under electronic microscope. RESULTS: With nanogold treatment for 3 days, 7 days and 11 days, the positive rates of Ang-1 were 16.7％, 50.0% and 16.7%, respectively. The positive rates of Ang-2 were 33.3%, 16.7% and 41.7%, respectively. The expression of Ang-1 in experiment group was higher than that in control group, especially at the 7th day in experiment group. The expression of Ang-2 in experiment group was lower than that in control group (58.3%), especially at the 7th day in experiment group. With nanogold treatment for 3 days, 7 days and 11 days, the positive rates of RGS-5 were 33.3%, 16.7% and 50.0%, respectively. The immature pericyte coverage indexes (IMPI) were 19.6%±4.3%, 32.5%±7.9% and 41.2%±9.1% respectively. At the 7th day in experiment group, the positive rates of RGS-5 and IMPI were lower than those in other experiment groups and control group. After treated with nanogold for 7 days, the pericytes in the parietal wall of the blood vessels in the tumor showed the tendency to grow normally in morphology and were completely covered by endothelial cells. However, the pericytes in the parietal wall of the blood vessels in control group showed differences in size, impaired integrity and only a few of the pericytes covered by endothelial cells. CONCLUSION: During the time window of nangold treatment for 7 days, the chemical can normalize the blood vessels in liver cancer by inhibiting the expression of Ang-2 and RGS-5.  相似文献   

Prostaglandin E₂ receptors,EP2 and EP4, regulate expression of surface molecules and cytokines in B-cells of collagen-induced arthritic mice     

ZHANG Jing-ge  CHEN Hai-ying  QIN Jin  CONG Bin  LI Qiao-xia  JIA Xian-xian  MA Chun-ling  YU Feng 《园艺学报》2011,27(3):545-549

AIM: To observe the immunoregulatory effects of prostaglandin E₂ receptor (EP) subtypes EP2/EP4 on the B-cells of collagen-induced arthritic(CIA)mice. METHODS: DBA/1 mice were immunized with chicken type II collagen emulsified in Freunds complete adjuvant to induce arthritis. B-cells were isolated from the splenocyte suspension by positive selection using anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody immunomagnetic beads. The expression of MHC II, CD 80 and CD86 was examined by flow cytometry. The mRNA levels of EPs, interferon γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), IL-6, IL-4, IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) were detected by real-time RT-PCR. RESULTS: The rank of the mRNA levels of EPs was EP2>EP1>EP3>EP4 in B-cells and EP2/EP4 mRNA expression was obviously increased in CIA mice. EP2 antagonists inhibited the expression of MHC II, CD80 and CD86. EP4 antagonist had little effect on CD80. EP2/EP4 antagonists inhibited the mRNA expression of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-6 (P<0.05 or P<0.01) and increased the expression of IL-10 (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Furthermore, the antagonists of EP2 and EP4 also increased the mRNA expression of IL-4 and TGF-β (P<0.01), respectively. CONCLUSION: PGE₂ modulate the pathogenesis of CIA via EP2/EP4 by regulating the expression of surface molecules and cytokines in B-cells. EP2/EP4 may be a new therapeutic target for treating rheumatoid arthritis.  相似文献   

蔬菜高效施药装置药量专家系统测试     

马伟  王秀  沈瀚  翟长远  秦贵  张睿 《中国蔬菜》2011,(Z1)

为了满足蔬菜高效施药的精确性和便捷性,借助信息技术手段将专家知识库存贮在单片机芯片中,通过快捷的选择调用达到蔬菜高效施药的目的。本文介绍了高效施药装置专家系统的工作原理,并通过试验验证了其理论施药量和实际控制值具有较好的一致性。  相似文献   

氮磷的不同供应比例和频度对藻类水华形成的影响     

王小冬  秦伯强  高光 《农业环境保护》2011,(12):2533-2541

为了探讨氮磷的不同供应比例和频度对藻类水华形成的影响,本研究设计了7种氮磷添加比例（质量比）：只添加氮（以＋N表示）、50：1、20：1、7：1,1：1、1：7和只添加磷（以＋P表示）;2种添加频度：频度较大的L系列（实验前期每日均进行添加）,频度较小的S系列（只在实验过程中添加1次）。两种添加频度下,相同添加比例的处理的营养盐添加量相近。在处理＋N、50：1、20：1、7：1和1：1中以N浓度为基准进行相应比例的P添加,在处理1：1、1：7和＋P中以P浓度为基准进行相应比例的N添加。在1：1处理缸中N、P净增加均约为2.4mg·L-1。实验水体来自一个浮游植物丰富但没有微囊藻水华的天然富营养池塘。实验于2007年8月1日—8月13日在室外采用玻璃缸进行。结果表明,两种添加频度以及不同氮磷添加比例下,实验过程中出现的水华种类均为微囊藻（Microcysti sspp.）水华,没有固氮藻类水华出现。在两种不同添加频度下,微囊藻水华在处理＋N、50：1、20：1、7：1和1：1中明显形成,而处理＋P和1：7中,微囊藻水华的出现会晚几天或者水华现象不明显,这表明本实验中单独添加氮比单独添加磷对微囊藻水华形成的促进作用要明显些。水体中微囊藻水华的出现与适宜的氮磷比例添加有关,氮磷添加比例适宜时,两种不同的添加频度下均可出现微囊藻水华,但氮磷营养盐的不同添加比例和频度均没有导致固氮藻类水华的出现。  相似文献   

2种石灰岩特有植物的特性及园林应用     

秦新生 《广东园林》2011,33(1):52-54

圆叶乌桕（Triadica rotundifolia）和报春苣苔（Primulina tabacum）是石灰岩特有植物,具有较高的学术、观赏和经济价值。文章从形态特征、分布、生态习性及繁殖等方面对圆叶乌桕和报春苣苔进行介绍,并阐述其园林观赏及应用价值。  相似文献   

3种不同密度对香樟幼林鲜叶油及其主成分的影响研究     

覃子海  韦颖文  王以红  吴幼媚  陈晓明 《西部林业科学》2011,(4)

通过对3种不同栽培密度的香樟幼林鲜叶和优株母本的得油率及其主成分芳樟醇含量、樟脑含量的试验测定,结果表明,不同栽培密度的香樟幼林均保持了广林香樟GLC-95良种的经济特性,所存在的差异是因栽培密度、幼林与优株年龄不同所致。3种栽培密度中以5 700株/hm2其鲜叶的得油率、总含醇量和芳樟醇含量最高,分别为1.32%、98.0%和93.4%,但樟脑含量最低为0.1%,综合比较分析,以密度5 700株/hm2较适宜。  相似文献