Supplementation with sunflower seeds in beef cattle did not impact on oocyte and in vitro embryo production          下载免费PDF全文

AL Baltazar  GM de Mattos  BM Ropelli  SMG Firetti  C Castilho  G Pugliesi  MBC Maldonado  M Binelli  JOF Silva  GC Lupatini  BS Lafuente  CMB Membrive 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(3):801-808

Supplementation with compounds rich in linoleic acid, including sunflower seed supplementation, promotes increase in conception rates in cows. We aimed to evaluate whether the sunflower seed (linoleic acid source) supplementation in beef donor females alters the plasma concentrations of cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL, increases the number and quality of oocytes, increases the cleavage rates and determines an improvement in number and quality of in vitro produced blastocysts. Thus, Nelore females were divided into two groups of 15 animals to receive supplementation with or without sunflower seed for 57 days. Females underwent follicular aspiration and the oocytes were subjected to in vitro embryo production. There was no difference (p > .1) between control group and group supplemented with sunflower seed on the number of displayed follicles; number of aspired oocytes; recovery rate; cleavage rate; number of embryos; number of blastocysts; embryos number of grades I and II; plasma concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides; HDL and LDL. Therefore, sunflower seed supplementation in oocyte donors did not increase the number and quality of oocytes, cleavage rates and the number and quality of blastocysts produced in vitro.  相似文献   

Effect of body condition score and reuse of progesterone‐releasing intravaginal devices on conception rate following timed artificial insemination in Nelore cows          下载免费PDF全文

LL Pereira  AP Ferreira  WG Vale  LR Serique  KAL Neves  AC Morini  BM Monteiro  AHH Minervino 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(3):624-628

This study had the aim of investigating the efficiency of timed artificial insemination (TAI) through the progesterone‐releasing intravaginal device (PRID), used in new condition and for the second and third times in Nelore cows. The effects of device reuse and body condition score (BCS) on the conception rate (CR) were evaluated in 1,122 multiparous Nelore cows (mean BCS of 2.7 ± 0.4), which were randomly distributed into three groups that received new (n = 330), once (n = 439) and twice used (n = 353) PRID. Among the 1,122 females that underwent TAI, 573 became pregnant, thus representing an overall CR of 51.06%. Cows with BCS between 2.75 and 4.0 had greater (p < .0001) CR (69.75%) than cows with BSC of 2.0–2.5 (32.98%). It was observed that the CR through using PRID was 60.00%, 51.71% and 41.93% for new, once and twice used PRID, respectively, with difference between all groups (p < .0001). Under tropical conditions, animals with BCS greater than 2.5 had a higher CR, and the CR decreased proportionally with the number of times that the PRID had been used.  相似文献   

Spatial and temporal patterns of vertical distribution for three planktivorous fishes in Lake Washington     

Thomas P. Quinn  David A. Beauchamp 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2012,21(3):337-348

Abstract – We sampled three limnetic fish species: juvenile sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka), three‐spine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) and longfin smelt (Spirinchus thaleichthys) in Lake Washington to quantify species‐specific patterns of diel vertical migration (DVM). Catch‐per‐unit‐effort data analysed from 15 years of midwater trawling documented seasonal and diel differences in vertical distributions for each species. These results were consistent with the hypothesis that the patterns of DVM in Lake Washington were affected by life history, size and morphology. Sockeye salmon showed clear DVM in spring but essentially no DVM in fall, remaining in deep water, whereas three‐spine sticklebacks were prevalent at the surface at night in both seasons. In fall, distribution patterns may be explained by differences in thermal performance (e.g., sticklebacks favouring warm water), but the patterns were also consistent with inter‐specific differences in predation risk. Younger sockeye salmon and longfin smelt were present in greater proportions higher in the water column during dusk and night periods than older conspecifics. Compared with sockeye salmon, the greater use by three‐spine sticklebacks of surface waters throughout the diel cycle during weak thermal stratification in spring was consistent with the hypothesis that sticklebacks’ armour reduces predation risk, but use of this warmer, metabolically beneficial stratum may also have promoted growth. This study illustrates variation in the vertical distribution of three sympatric planktivores and offers broader implications for the DVM phenomenon and applied lake ecology.  相似文献   

Associations between canine juvenile weight gain and coxofemoral joint laxity at 16 weeks of age     

Lopez MJ  Quinn MM  Markel MD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2006,35(3):214-218

OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the relationship between canine weight gain from 6 to 15 weeks of age and passive coxofemoral joint (CFJ) laxity at 16 weeks of age. STUDY DESIGN: Longitudinal cohort study. ANIMALS: Full- or half-sibling hounds (n = 56). METHODS: Hounds were weighed weekly from 6 to 15 weeks of age. Individual average daily gain (ADG) was calculated for each week (weekly) and for the study (overall). PennHIP distraction index (DI) was determined for each CFJ at 16 weeks. Mixed effects linear models were evaluated for associations of DI (highest and mean) with 15-week weight and ADGs (actual or normalized). Left and right DIs were compared with a Student's paired t-test. Significance was set at P<.05. Trends were considered at P<.10. RESULTS: Mean (+/-SD) 16-week DI score and 15-week weight was 0.67 +/- 0.16 and 12.5 +/- 1.8 kg, respectively. Within animal left and right DIs were not significantly different. There were no significant associations between DI and any of the weight gains evaluated. There was a trend for a negative relationship between normalized 14-week ADG and DI in one statistical model. CONCLUSIONS: Weight gain from 6 to 15 weeks of age was unrelated to 16-week PennHIP DI in a homogenous canine population with moderate-to-severe CFJ joint laxity. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Based on our results, ad libitum feeding between 6 and 15 weeks of age does not appear to have an adverse impact on joint laxity at 16 weeks of age as measured by the PennHIP DI.  相似文献   

In vivo evaluation of intra-articular protection in a novel model of canine cranial cruciate ligament mid-substance elongation injury     

Lopez MJ  Robinson SO  Quinn MM  Hosgood G  Markel MD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2006,35(8):711-720

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of intra-articular protection (IAP) on the canine cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) and stifle in a CrCL midsubstance elongation injury model. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental longitudinal cohort study. ANIMALS: Skeletally mature female mixed breed hounds (n=12; mean+/-SEM weight, 25.6+/-0.7 kg). METHODS: After CrCL elongation in 1 stifle of each dog, IAP was applied in 6 joints. In vivo assessment included radiographs, cranial-caudal joint translation, gait analysis, and synovial fluid levels of 3B3(-) (proteoglycan epitope) and C2C (collagen II neoepitope) up to 12 weeks after surgery. Joint translation and rotation were quantified at necropsy. CrCL midsubstance length was determined before and after elongation and at necropsy. CrCLs were subjectively assessed with light microscopy. Comparisons were made between stifles containing elongated CrCLs with and without IAP and unoperated controls. RESULTS: Four weeks after surgery, ground reaction forces were significantly decreased in operated limbs. Absolute C2C levels were significantly elevated in operated stifles 4 weeks post-surgery. C2C and 3B3(-) levels normalized to total protein were significantly elevated in IAP+ stifles 8 weeks after surgery. Protected CrCLs appeared to have decreased granulation tissue and better collagen fiber alignment. CONCLUSIONS: IAP has negligible effects on the canine stifle based on the response variables evaluated in this 12-week study. Protection of elongated CrCLs may promote reduced, organized scar formation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: These results support the healing capacity of the canine CrCL midsubstance following elongation injury and IAP application to potentially reduce cicatrix formation in elongated CrCLs.  相似文献   

Isolation and Culture of Ovine and Bubaline Small and Large Pre-antral Follicles: Effect of Cyclicity and Presence of a Dominant Follicle     

S Nandi  V Girish Kumar  HS Ramesh  BM Manjunatha  PSP Gupta 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2009,44(1):74-79

Studies were conducted to examine the effects of the cyclicity and the presence of a dominant follicle (DF) in ovary on the recovery and in vitro growth of pre-antral follicles (PFs) in sheep and buffalo. Small pre-antral follicles (SPFs, 100–250 μm) and large pre-antral follicles (LPFs, 250–450 μm) were isolated from slaughterhouse ovaries in the breeding seasons by a mechanical and enzymatic method. The sheep and buffalo PFs were cultured in vitro for 6 and 15 days, respectively, and examined for their growth, survival and antrum formation rates and growth rates of oocytes in cultured pre-antral follicles. The follicles of the sheep and buffalo were recovered and cultured simultaneously within replicates. The recovery rates (number per ovary) of both SPFs and LPFs were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in cyclic ewes (SPFs: 22.0 ± 3.3 vs 12.1 ± 2.6 and LPFs: 16.0 ± 3.6 vs 9.2 ± 1.8) and buffaloes (SPFs: 9.2 ± 1.3 vs 4.1 ± 1.0 and LPFs: 10.3 ± 2.7 vs 5.4 ± 0.7) compared with those recovered from acyclic ones. Presence of a DF in ovary significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the recovery rates of LPFs in ewes (9.06 ± 2.7 vs 16.4 ± 3.8) but had no effect in buffalo. Cyclicity of animals or follicular dominance had no effects on in vitro growth, survival and antrum formation rates and growth rates of oocytes in cultured PFs of SPFs and LPFs in both sheep and buffalo. The in vitro growth, survival and antrum formation rates of LPFs and growth rates of oocytes in cultured LPFs were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those observed in SPFs in both sheep and buffalo. The overall recovery and growth rates of the PFs were lower in buffaloes compared with ewes.  相似文献   

Genetic connectedness between seven European countries for performance in jumping competitions of warmblood riding horses     

C. Ruhlmann  E. Bruns  E. Fraehr  J. Philipsson  S. Janssens  K. Quinn  E. Thorén Hellsten  A. Ricard 《Livestock Science》2009,120(1-2):75-86

The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic connectedness between seven European populations of show jumping horses. Data on stallions bred for jumping and their pedigree up to three generations were provided by seven countries, including 6317 stallions and 22 324 different horses. Four different methods were used to estimate the genetic connectedness. Common stallions between countries varied from 0 to 308 and common horses from 130 to 1166. “Genetic similarities” were not the optimal measure of connectedness as number of progeny by country by stallion was not balanced. Correlation between estimates of country effects was computed in a mixed model including the genetic value of horses (h² = 0.20, all relationships included). For Germany, Belgium, France and The Netherlands, these correlations were 0.32 to 0.51 corresponding to a balanced scheme with 11 to 19 progeny per stallion per country. Other correlations ranged from 0.08 to 0.27. Another method to evaluate the connectedness was (i) to simulate a systematic difference between the true genetic level of countries, (ii) performing a BLUP and (iii) measuring the percentage of the initial difference that could be found between the estimated genetic levels of the corresponding countries. In 50% of the country pairs, 50% or more of the initial genetic difference was estimated. It was concluded that the genetic connectedness will allow the estimation of genetic correlations.  相似文献   

Modified frontonasal sinus flap surgery in standing horses: surgical findings and outcomes of 60 cases     

Quinn GC  Kidd JA  Lane JG 《Equine veterinary journal》2005,37(2):138-142

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Previous studies of sinus surgery on standing horses have been based on techniques which utilise powered hand bone saws and preserve the bone flap, which was thought to be essential for a good cosmetic result. This report describes a simplified technique applied to the standing horse where the sinus flap construction used a large skull trephine and where the bone flap is necessarily discarded. OBJECTIVES: To assess whether the modified standing frontonasal flap (SFF) surgery offers an effective method to investigate and/or treat sinunasal disorders in the horse. METHODS: The case records of 60 horses subjected to modified SFF surgery were reviewed to analyse the efficacy of the technique when applied to a range of sinunasal disorders in terms of diagnosis, surgical findings, complications and long-term outcomes, including cosmetic effect. RESULTS: Resolution of clinical signs was achieved in 54 out of 60 horses, and for the remainder the SFF technique proved useful on a diagnostic basis. The cosmetic result was, in the opinion of the owners, excellent or satisfactory in 48 of 56 (86%) horses. CONCLUSIONS: The modified SFF technique was found to be practicable and provided satisfactory exposure of the sinus contents for diagnosis and removal of diseased tissue in a range of disorders. An acceptable cosmetic result can be obtained in the majority of horses despite rejection of the disc of overlying bone. Apart from avoiding the risks associated with general anaesthesia, the advantages of the modified SFF sugery are: a reduction of haemorrhage in the standing horse; reduced mucosal engorgement; straightforward anatomical orientation; a comfortable working height; and reduced surgery time. A sound knowledge of the functional anatomy of the area is a prerequisite before embarking on any form of sinunasal surgery. Complications are infrequent and usually transient. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: The modified SFF technique is a valuable alternative to other invasive methods of sinunasal surgery.  相似文献   

Salmonella serotypes present on a sample of Irish pig farms     

Rowe TA  Leonard FC  Kelly G  Lynch PB  Egan J  Quirke AM  Quinn PJ 《The Veterinary record》2003,153(15):453-456

A survey of the prevalence of Salmonella species infection was conducted on 59 Irish farrow-to-finish pig herds. Faecal samples were collected from the pens of first-stage weaners (growing pigs approximately three to 10 weeks of age), second-stage weaners (approximately 10 to 17 weeks of age) and fatteners, and from the dry sow and farrowing sow houses. The prevalence of infection was estimated to within 5 per cent with a 95 per cent confidence interval. Thirty of the 59 herds were infected, 12 with Salmonella Typhimurium only, eight with Salmonella Derby only and seven with both S Typhimurium and S Derby; serotypes London, Livingstone and Infantis were each isolated from a single herd. Farms in Ireland are assigned to one of three infection categories on the basis of the antibody levels in samples of meat juice taken at slaughter. When a herd was classified as either positive or negative on the basis of the isolation of Salmonella from at least one faecal sample there was no association between the herd's category as determined by meat juice serology and the probability of the isolation of Salmonella from the faecal samples. However, there were differences in prevalence between pigs at different stages of production in herds of different categories. Farrowing sow houses in moderately infected (category 2) herds had significantly lower infection rates (P < or = 0.05) than other herd categories and other stages of production. Pigs from first-stage weaner pens in slightly infected (category 1) herds were more likely to be infected with Salmonella than pigs at any other stage of production or category of herd.  相似文献   

In vitro Development of Buffalo Oocytes in Media-containing Fluids from Different Size Class Follicles   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

S Nandi  HM Raghu  BM Ravindranatha  PSP Gupta  PV Sarma 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2004,39(1):33-38

Studies were conducted to investigate the effect of supplementation of fluid from different sized class [small (SFF, < 3 mm), medium (MFF, 3-8 mm) and large (LFF, > 8 mm)] of normal and cystic (CFF) ovarian follicles in oocyte culture media on oocyte maturation rate and embryo development in vitro and to test the efficacy of follicular fluid (FF) from different size classes as a whole oocyte maturation medium. Results suggested that FF were capable of developing buffalo oocytes to embryonic stage in vitro although its efficacy was lower than that of serum. Regardless of high maturation rates after in vitro maturation (IVM) in media containing FF or IVM in whole FF, low blastocyst rates were obtained after in vitro fertilization (IVF) and culture of embryos. Follicular fluid from small follicles had significantly (p < 0.05) higher potential of developing buffalo oocytes to embryonic stage in vitro than that from medium and large follicles. Cystic FF was not capable of supporting development of buffalo oocytes in vitro.  相似文献